Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Study Of Efficacy, Safety And Complications Of Covid 19 Vaccine On Adults And Elderly With And Without Chronic Diseases, Nasser Alhamshary, Abdullah Hendawy El Shahat, Mohamed Gharib Mohamed, Abdel Kareem Mohammad Abdel Rahim

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Anti-CoV-2 vaccines were developed in a much shorter time than previous vaccines. The aim of this work was to assess the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine on adult and elderly with and without chronic diseases and evaluate safety, side effects and complications of COVID19 vaccine on adult and elderly with and without chronic diseases.

Methods: Prospective observational cohort study was carried out on 100 subjects received COVID-19 vaccine. Subjects were divided into three groups: Group (1): thirty healthy young persons aging 18-45 years old, who received COVID-19 vaccine (5 subjects received Pfizer vaccine, 9 received AstraZeneca, and 16 received Sinopharm. …

Tracing Of Local Atopy Among Apparently Non Atopic Asthmatics With Nasal Polyps, Abdallah Mohamed Ali Elezawey, Farag Khalil Farag, Mohamed Ahmed Elsharkawey, Dalia Mahmoud Eldewi, Abdel Wahab Mohamed Lotfy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Asthma is still a main etiology of complaining all over the world. Much indirect evidence recommends that immunoglobulin E (IgE) and Eosinophil could have an essential role in asthma irrespective of conventional atopic condition.

objective: To trace the expression of local Eosinophil (%) and local IgE in the absence of systemic IgE in asthmatic cases with nasal polyps.

Subjects and methods: 90 subjects were included and were divided into 3 groups: Group A: consists of 30 patients had non-atopic bronchial asthma and nasal polyps. Group B: consists of 30 patients with nasal polyps only. Group C: consists of 30 …

Correlation Between Ct , Mri Of The Chest And Medical Thoracoscopic Findings In Primary Pleural Tumors, Mohamed Tarik Abd Al-Fattah Al-Jammal, Mohamed Ahmed Haroun, Fawzy Mohamed Omar, Mahmoud Mohamed Aboumandour Fouda

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Objective: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) routine diagnostic procedures often include computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histological confirmation by pleural biopsy is required for the MPM diagnosis to be finalized.

Aim of our study: to compare among findings of chest CT, MRI and medical thoracoscopy (MT) for MPM identification.

Patients and methods: Fifty patients (30 Males and 20 females) with definitive MPM diagnosis after (MT) biopsy, underwent chest CT and MRI chest.

Results: There was statistically significant parameters for MRI versus CT for pleural thickening, it was 64% versus 44% (p= 0.044). Post contrast enhancement in MRI was …

Post Covid Syndrome, Abo Bakr Helal El Asmar, Khaled Mohammed Ibrahim Halema, Alaa Adel Ibrahim Hammad

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection has led to the development of a novel clinical entity known as post-COVID syndrome. Post-COVID syndrome is characterized by indicators that last more time than three weeks after a diagnosis of COVID-19 has been made. It occurs between ten percent and thirty-five percent of the time, but in individuals who have been hospitalized before, the frequency can be as high as 85 percent. Aim and objectives; Long term evaluation of Egyption patietns for post-COVID syndrome such as insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, dyspnea, chest pain, and depression. Subjects and methods: This was cross sectional trial, was performed on …

Post Covid 19 Spirometric Changes In Patients Under Regular Hemodialysis, Safwat Farrag Ahmed, Hazem Sayed Ahmed Ayoub, Fareed Shawky Basiony Hassanin, Ahmed Elsayed Mohamed Abd Elkader

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background; The prognostic impact of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on individuals with COVID-19 is not yet well understood. Aim and objectives; to match spirometric changes in cases with end-stage renal illness who had or did not have covid 19. Subjects and methods: Patients were categorised as follows for this study: Twenty individuals with ESRD due to covid-19 infection (Group A). A over-all of 20 ESRD cases who tested adverse for covid-19 made up Group (B). The "control" (group C) individuals are those who are otherwise healthy Result there was no significant difference (p= 0.644) in the relation of forced expiratory …

Study Of The Role Of Vitamin (D) Deficiency In Patients With Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Mohamed Yahia Mohamed Morsi, Ibrahim Mahmoud Shalan, Wageeh Hassan Sayed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background; COPD is a variety of lung symptoms that are characterized by persistent, frequently worsening airflow restriction and chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, and formation of sputum) owing to diseases in the bronchial tree (bronchiolitis, bronchitis), or/and alveoli (emphysema), objectives; to research the impact of vitamin (D) deficiency in individuals with stable and acute exacerbation COPD, Subjects and methods; This case control study was carried out at Al- Azhar University Hospital-Assuit between February 2022 and December 2022 on (100) COPD patients and another (50) control group of individuals who looked to be in good health. Result; Moreover, Levels of vitamin …

Role Of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy In Diagnosis Of Smear Negative Pulmonary Tb, Ahmed Mohammed Omer, Hamdy Melegy Abd Allah, Wageeh Hassan Sayed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background; Several studies have demonstrated the value of bronchoscopy in individuals with a positive history of pulmonary TB but a negative sputum smear. Unfortunately, there is a lack of information on when bronchoscopy is most beneficial, Aim and objectives; To assess the use of bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients with negative sputum smears, Subjects and methods; This study is a retrospective study, was conducted at Azhar Assiut university hospital during the period from 2020 till 2022, Result; BAL culture for M. tuberculosis was positive in 22 patients (44%), Bronchial brushing culture was positive in 14 cases (46,7%), …

Evaluation Of Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Covid-19, Hossam Abd El-Moez Mohammed, Mohammed Bhagat Abd El-Hafiz, Hamdy Melegy Abdullah

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: COVID-19 clinical manifestations are diverse, ranging from asymptomatic and moderate symptoms to severe diseases. It is difficult to anticipate the clinical course or identify people at risk of worsening.

Aim of the Work: To estimate prevalence of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 infected patient and to evaluate risk factors associated with severity of COVID-19 infection.

Patients and Methods: 200 patients with COVID-19, one hundred patients had comorbid disease (cardiac, renal or hepatic) and 100 age and sex matching patients had no comorbid disease. Detailed history, clinical examination, radiological investigations and evaluation of illness severity were recorded for all patients. …

Correlation Between The Pulmonary Artery Diameter And Its Ratio To The Aortic Diameter In Ct Chest And The Right Ventricular Function Assessed By Echocardiography In Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension, Mohamed Adel Mohamed Mekky, Khaled M. Y. El-Nady, Yasser Ahmed Al-Sayd, Mohamed Sedky Al-Sayd

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The hemodynamic criteria for PAH is a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of below fifteen millimeters Hg and a pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) of higher than two Wood Units (WU), in addition to a mean pulmonary artery pressure of above twenty millimeters Hg. Because of its accessibility, non-invasiveness, and reproducibility, echocardiography is routinely employed in the diagnosis and monitoring of therapy for cases with PH. Aim: to correlate between the pulmonary artery diameter and its ratio to the aortic diameter in CT chest and the right ventricular (RV) function measured by echocardiography (Echo) in cases with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Patients …

Use Of Lung Ultrasound Instead Of Ct Chest In Follow Up Of Patients With Covid-19 In Icu, Mahmoud Ahmed Ibrahim Elshafey, Imam Abd El-Kader El-Sherief, Emad Hamdi Tayel

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The new Coronavirus (Covid-19) struck the central area of China in late December 2019 and quickly spread to several nations across the world. This virus's pandemic breakout, with fast human-to-human transmission, has caused significant devastation in many parts of life as well as a significant loss of human material and financial resources.

Aim of The work: The purpose of this study is to assess the use of lung ultrasonography instead of CT chest in the ICU follow-up of patients with Covid-19.

Patient and method: From February 2022 to May 2023, 50 patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit …

Correlation Of Ct Scanning Severity Score With Inflammatory Markers And Blood Picture Among Patients With Severe Covid-19, Ismail Abdel Moneim Atyia, Abdullah Sulaiman Ayoub, Muhammad Aref Saber Mahmoud

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Coronaviruses are significant diseases in both humans and animals. The world has experienced a relentless spread of the 2019 new coronavirus (COVID-19), the aim of the study was to assess correlation of CT scaning severity Score with inflammatory markers and blood picture among patients with severe COVID-19. Subjects and methods: 50 patients with severe COVID-19 were included in this study. These Patients were isolated and hospitalized in isolation units of Al–Hussin & Bab-Elshaaria university Hospitals, from June 2021 to May, 2022. They were diagnosed by positive RT-PCR COVID test. Result: The mean HRCT score of all studied patients was …

Early Diagnostic Value Of Lung Ultrasound Compared To Chest Computed Tomography For Pleural Effusion And Pneumonia In Critically Ill Patients, Mohamed Osman Abdel Hamid Ibrahim, Mostafa Abdel Hamid Abo-Elainin, Khalid Mohamed Halima, Mohamed Abdelgawad Aboelsuod

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Recently, lung ultrasound has been touted as a modality that can diagnose pneumonia in a variety of settings while overcoming many of the shortcomings of other tools. Aim: The aim of the study to compare between diagnostic value of lung ultrasound and CT- chest in evaluating pneumonia and pleural effusion in ICU patients. The primary study outcomes were the sensitivity and specificity of lung ultrasound and CT-chest in pneumonia and pleural effusion. The Secondary study outcomes were the satisfaction of the patient. Patients and Methods: This was observational study included 40 patients admitted to ICU Al-Azhar university hospitals. Results: …

Sleep Disordered Breathing In Patients With Chronic Kidney Diseases, Hussein Ahmed Abu Elyazid, Fareed Shawky Basiony, Hazem Sayed Ahmed Ayoub, Abd Allah Mohamed Aly El Hwary

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising globally, and there are raised proofs connecting (SDB) with kidney diseases. Those proofs are attributed to increased upper airway resistance in such patients leading to a disturbed sleeping rhythm.

Aim of the work: To evaluate the incidence, severity, and patterns of SDB and related nocturnal hypoxia amongst people with advanced CKD, hemodialysis & healthy individuals.

Patient and Methods: This case-control research was performed in the Departments of Chest Diseases & nephrology unit at Al-Azhar University hospitals from January 2022 to December 2022. The study involved 60 participants diagnosed as CKD, …

Clinical And Thoracoscopic Predictors Of Malignant Pleural Effusion, Mousa Mohamed Mousa El-Shamly, Eid Mohammed Mahmoud Mohammed, Mohammed Moghazy El-Sayed Aly

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Abstract Introduction The management of malignant pleural effusion MPE is still a therapeutic challenge to both the pulmonologist and oncologist with the primary goal being directed towards the improvement of life quality and symptom reduction. The presence of cancerous cells in the fluid or tissue biopsy is typically required to distinguish between malignant pleural effusions MPE and benign pleural effusions BPE . The value of the clinical, thoracoscopic features to early predicts MPE cases has not yet been established. Aim of the Work: This study aimed to assess the clinical and thoracoscopic predictors of MPE to permit rapid management of …

Evaluation Of Some Screening Procedures As Predictors Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Positivity In Egyptian Community, Mahmoud M. El-Habashy, Mahmoud A-E Elbeshbeshi, Nourane Y. Azab, Sami S A El-Dahdouh

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of some screening procedures as predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity in Egyptian community. Background COVID-19 has been recognized as a pandemic by the WHO. Multiple studies suggest that computed tomography (CT) should be a primary diagnostic tool for COVID-19 because they reported sensitivities with CT far superior to that of reverse-transcriptase (RT) PCR testing. Clinical features varied in different cases, and some patients showed asymptomatic infection. Patients and methods This study is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted on patients who were suspected of novel coronavirus infection attending Mehalla Chest Hospital. Results …

Clinical And Laboratory Characteristics Of Viral Encephalitis In Children In Menoufia Governorate, Egypt, Ghada M. El-Nabawy Zahow, Nagwa Y. Daleh, Sameh A. Abd El-Naby, Shimaa E. Soliman, Wafaa M. Abo El-Fotoh

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective This study was designed to highlight clinicoepidemiological profile investigation findings of acute viral encephalitis in children. Background Owing to the high morbidity and mortality associated with viral encephalitis, it is important to establish a diagnosis and initiate therapy as soon as possible. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 50 cases that met the diagnostic criteria of encephalitis. Most of these patients were admitted at either General Department or Pediatric ICUs of Menoufia University Hospital and Shebin El-Kom Fever Hospital. All were subjected to complete history and examination, cerebrospinal fluid examination, electroencephalogram, computed tomography brain, and MRI brain. …

Evaluation Of The Chest Computed Tomography And Hemogram Data In Patients Withcovid-19: The Importance Of Thymus, Vefa Çakmak, Atakan Yilmaz, Tuğba Sari, Pinar Çakmak, Mert Özen, Duygu Herek, Alten Oskay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To investigate the relationship between imaging findings and peripheral blood cell counts of COVID-19 patients and the degree of thymus fat involution of these patients. Materials and methods: Computed tomography (CT) images of 87 patients with COVID-19 positive through RT-PCR testing were evaluated retrospectively by two radiologists. Ground glass densities and other signs of viral pneumonia were recorded, lung involvement was scored quantitatively. The patients thymus fat involution was graded on CT. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratios (PLR), lymphocyte and platelet counts were calculated. Imaging findings and degrees of thymus fat involution were compared with laboratory data. Results: Quantitative …

Crossbow Bolt Injury To The Heart, Deanne Jacobs, Claire Hardman, Syed A. Zaman, Akpofure Peter Ekeh

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Case summary A 33-year-old woman was transferred from an outside hospital with a penetrating injury to her right chest. The patient was shot with a crossbow with the entry site to the right breast/chest and a transmediastinal trajectory. She was intubated prior to arrival due to difficulty breathing. Her vital signs remained stable and within normal limits, with good breath sounds, and no evidence of pneumothorax on chest X-ray. The tip of the bolt was palpable at the patient’s left midaxillary line. Chest X-ray in trauma bay showed the transmediastinal trajectory, and the bolt appeared to have a field point …

Cpr-Related Thoracic Injuries: Comparison Of Cpr Guidelines Between 2010 And 2015, Kaan Yusufoğlu, Mehmet Özgür Erdoğan, İsmai̇l Tayfur, Mustafa Ahmet Afacan, Şahi̇n Çolak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate traumatic thorax complications in post-CPR patients and to investigate whether or not there has been a decrease in these complications since the adoption of current chest compression recommendations. Materials and methods: Post-CPR patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were admitted between January 2014 and January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients admitted to the ED in 2014 were resuscitated according to 2010 AHA CPR guidelines, while those admitted to the ED in 2015 were resuscitated according to current ERC CPR guidelines. Results: The study population comprised 48 male and 35 female patients. Of the …

Radiation-Induced Breast Cancer: The Question Of Early Breast Cancer Screening In Hodgkin's Lymphoma Survivors, Talal Hilal, David W. Rudy

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Chest irradiation is associated with numerous early and late complications that arise from ionizing radiation-induced damage to cellular structures within the field of therapy. In patients exposed to chest irradiation at an early age as part of the treatment of childhood cancer, specifically Hodgkin's lymphoma, the increased risk of breast cancer in the long run should be considered. A case of a 35-year-old woman who exposed to chest irradiation as part of the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma at the age of 20 years is presented here and serves as a reminder of this somewhat overlooked complication. The article presents the …

The Relationship Between The Intercostal And Collateral Artery Radius And Distribution Of Muscle Mass In The Chest Wall, B Stamford, D Mcandrew, G Peoples

Darryl J McAndrew

Abstract of paper that has been presented at 2012 Meeting of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Clinical Anatomists, University of New South Wales, Australia, 9-11 December, 2012.

Role Of Computed Tomography In Detection Of Complications Of Blunt Chest Trauma, Mohammed A. El Wakeel, Ramadan S. Abd El Khalek, Shawky M. Abdullah

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective The aim of the study was to study the role of computed tomography (CT) in detection of complications of blunt chest trauma patients. Background Thoracic injuries are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. Injuries to the thorax are the third most common injuries in trauma patients, next to injuries to the head and extremities. Therefore, prompt diagnosis of blunt vascular injuries is imperative. Patients and methods This study included 100 patients, 66 male patients and 34 female patients with age distribution from 2 to 65 years. This study was conducted during the period from November 2012 …

Portable Ultrasonography In Mass Casualty Incidents: The Caveat Examination, Stanislaw P. Stawicki, James M. Howard, John P. Pryor, David P. Bahner, Melissa L. Whitmill, Anthony J. Dean

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Ultrasonography used by practicing clinicians has been shown to be of utility in the evaluation of time-sensitive and critical illnesses in a range of environments, including pre-hospital triage, emergency department, and critical care settings. The increasing availability of light-weight, robust, user-friendly, and low-cost portable ultrasound equipment is particularly suited for use in the physically and temporally challenging environment of a multiple casualty incident (MCI). Currently established ultrasound applications used to identify potentially lethal thoracic or abdominal conditions offer a base upon which rapid, focused protocols using hand-carried emergency ultrasonography could be developed. Following a detailed review of the current use …