Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Anticonvulsant And Procognitive Effect Of Nonimidazole Histamine H3r Receptor Antagonists /Inverse Agonists In Experimental Animal Models, Alaa Imad Alachkar

Dissertations

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder accompanied by cognitive impairment. Available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have not been reported to have ameliorative effects on epilepsy-associated memory impairment. The potential of histamine H3 receptors (H3R) in several neuropsychiatric diseases, including epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease, is well recognized. In this study, a series of H3R antagonists (1-16) were screened for their in vivo anticonvulsant effect in several acute-induced seizures in rats. Moreover, the procognitive effect of the most promising H3R antagonist was investigated in dizocilpine (DIZ)-induced amnesic effect applying several behavioral memory tests. Furthermore, the most promising H3R antagonist was assessed for …

Central Role Of Vasotocin In The Neuroendocrine Regulation Of Stress Responses And Food Intake In Chickens, Gallus Gallus, Gurueswar Nagarajan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

It is well known that arginine vasotocin (AVT) in birds is involved in physiological homeostasis such as cardiovascular, osmotic regulation as well as reproductive functions. Pertinent to these physiological functions, AVT immunoreactive (-ir) neurons in the hypothalamus have been found associated with hemorrhage, dehydration, oviposition and other physiological regulation. Evidence, however, suggests that AVT also plays significant roles in modulating behavior, memory, stress, and food intake. This dissertation research addresses the latter two neuroendocrine functions of AVT in detail within the chicken brain. First, the functional role of AVT-ir neurons in conjunction with corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)-ir neurons in the …

Nitroglycerin Challenge Induces Lateralized Headache In Nasociliarynerve-Ligated Rats: Implications For Chronic Migraine, Di̇dem Tuba Akçali, Ahmet Deni̇z Belen, C.Avni̇ Babacan, Hayrunni̇sa Bolay Belen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Chronic migraine is a common debilitating disease with limited treatment options. We aimed to develop a novel model for chronic migraine by ligating the nasociliary nerve (NCL) and administering nitroglycerin (NTG) to exacerbate acute headache attacks. Materials and methods: Exacerbation of the headache was induced by NTG (10 mg/kg, subcutaneously) administered to male Wistar rats (n = 36) 14 days following unilateral NCL. Cutaneous and cold allodynia was tested using Von Frey (VF) filaments and acetone, respectively. Elevated plus maze (EPM) results and c-fos immunoreactivity of TNC were investigated. Results: NTG administration significantly decreased VF threshold values only in …

Neuroanatomical Maps And Taste Reactivity To Sweet, Umami, And Bitter Taste In The Pbn Of C57bl/6j Mice, Jennifer Marie Saputra

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Humans can distinguish at least five different taste qualities, sour, salty, bitter, sweet, and umami (the savory taste of certain amino acids). In neuroscience research, behavioral testing is used to measure the ability of rodents (including inbred mice) to discriminate between the different taste qualities. Taste reactivity and two-bottle preference are behavioral tests that are utilized to investigate different aspects of taste. These tests involve either voluntary or forced consumption of taste stimuli, respectively. Either test can be used to infer the preference and palatability of the stimulus consumed by an animal.

In order to understand the basis of taste …

The Expression Of Platelet-Activating Factor Is Induced By Low Extracellular Mg2+ In Aortic, Cerebral And Neonatal Coronary Vascular Smooth Muscle; Cross Talk With Ceramide Production, Nf–Kb And Proto-Oncogenes: Possible Links To Atherogenesis And Sudden Cardiac Death In Children And Infants, And Aging: Hypothesis, Review And Viewpoint, Burton M. Altura, Wenyan Li, Aimin Zhang, Tao Zheng, Nilank C. Shah, Gatha J. Shah, Bella T. Altura

The School of Health Sciences Publications and Research

An attempt is made, herein, to reconcile, and integrate, various phenomena associated with magnesium deficiency (MgD) in cardiovascular health, disease, and aging as well as reasons for the high incidence of sudden cardiac death in infants and young adults. With new experiments, we demonstrate, for the first time, that very low concentrations of platelet-activating factor (PAF), when added to primary cultured cerebral, neonatal coronary, and aortic vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells (from three different mammals) promote rapid rises in free intracellular Ca2+ ions and a significant, concomitant reduction in free intracellular Mg2+ ions; these actions of PAF being curtailed with …

Lithium Chloride Activates Wnt Pathway And Suppresses Proliferation And C-Fos Mrna Expression In Human Deciduous Dental Pulp Cells, Panarat Rattanaworawipa, Thanaphum Osathanon, Prasit Pavasant, Waleerat Sukarawan

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the canonical Wnt pathway activated by LiCl, a GSK3β inhibitor, on proliferation of human deciduous pulp (hDDP) cells. Material and Methods Human deciduous dental pulp cells were stimulated with LiCl at various concentrations (5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM). Cell morphology was visualized with inverted transmitted light microscope. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay. The mRNA expression levels were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Results LiCl did not exhibit cell toxicity, as evaluated by cell morphology and viability at 24 h. In addition, LiCl …

Comparison Of The Distribution Of C-Fos With Primary Afferent Markers, Zafer Soygüder

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The neuropeptides Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) were used as markers for peptidergic primary afferent fibres. A lectine, Griffonia simplicifolia (Bandeiraea simplicifolia)Isolectin-B4 (GSA I-B4), was used as a marker for non-peptidergic primary afferent fibres. C-Fos immunoreactivity was determined in the spinal cord of rats which had received 100% mustard oil application in the right hind limb. Darkly labelled c-Fos immunoreactive cells were concentrated in laminae I-IIo of the dorsal horn. SP and GSA I-B4 were distributed almost in the same regions. CGRP was more abundant in laminae I-IIo with someimmunoreactive fibres in lamina IIi. These data …