Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Community Assets And Capabilities To Recruit And Retain Gps: The Community Apgar Questionnaire In Rural Victoria, Daniel R. Terry, Ed Baker, David Schmitz

Public Health and Population Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: Rural communities continue to experience significant challenges recruiting and retaining physicians. The Community Apgar Questionnaire (CAQ) was developed in Idaho in the USA to comprehensively assess the characteristics associated with successful recruitment and retention of rural physicians. The CAQ has been utilised and validated across the USA; however, its value in rural Australia has not been examined. The objective of this study was to use the CAQ in rural Australia to examine its utility and develop a greater understanding of the community factors that impact general practitioner (GP) recruitment and retention.

Method: The project conducted structured face-to-face interviews with …

Does Reactance Against Cigarette Warning Labels Matter? Warning Label Responses And Downstream Smoking Cessation Amongst Adult Smokers In Australia, Canada, Mexico And The United States, Yoo Jin Cho, Jim Thrasher, Kamala Swayampakala, Hua-Hie Yong, Robert Mckeever, David Hammond, Dien Anshari, K. Michael Cummings, Ron Borland

Faculty Publications

Objective

Some researchers have raised concerns that pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on cigarette packages may lead to message rejection and reduced effectiveness of HWL messages. This study aimed to determine how state reactance (i.e., negative affect due to perceived manipulation) in response to both pictorial and text-only HWLs is associated with other types of HWL responses and with subsequent cessation attempts.

Methods

Survey data were collected every 4 months between September 2013 and 2014 from online panels of adult smokers in Australia, Canada, Mexico, and the US were analyzed. Participants with at least one wave of follow-up were included …

Peer Mentoring: Evaluation Of A New Model Of Clinical Placement In The Solomon Islands Undertaken By An Australian Medical School, Janie Smith, Peter Jones, James Fink

Janie Smith

Introduction

Electives and selectives in developing countries are an important part of student learning experiences. During 2013, Bond University on the Gold Coast of Queensland in Australia piloted final year undergraduate medical student placements (n=33) at Kirakira Hospital, on Makira Island in the Solomon Islands. The placement was evaluated that year.

Methods

The clinical placement in Kirakira Hospital required 12 months of planning by the Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine of Bond University in 2012. The evaluation of 2013 placements included a literature review; semi-structured interviews with participating Bond University and Kirakira Hospital staff, and with community …

From Qasc To Qascip: Successful Australian Translational Scale-Up And Spread Of A Proven Intervention In Acute Stroke Using A Prospective Pre-Test/Post-Test Study Design, S Middleton, A Lydtin, D Comerford, D Cadilhac, P Mcelduff, S Dale, K Hill, M Longworth, J Ward, N Cheung, C D'Este

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: To embed an evidence-based intervention to manage FEver, hyperglycaemia (Sugar) and Swallowing (the FeSS protocols) in stroke, previously demonstrated in the Quality in Acute Stroke Care (QASC) trial to decrease 90-day death and dependency, into all stroke services in New South Wales (NSW), Australia’s most populous state.

Design: Pre-test/post-test prospective study.

Setting: 36 NSW stroke services.

Methods: Our clinical translational initiative, the QASC Implementation Project (QASCIP), targeted stroke services to embed 3 nurse-led clinical protocols (the FeSS protocols) into routine practice. Clinical champions attended a 1-day multidisciplinary training workshop and received standardised educational resources and ongoing support. Using the …

Complementary Therapies For Labour And Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Antenatal Integrative Medicine For Pain Management In Labour, K Levett, C Smith, A Bensoussan, H Dahlen

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: To evaluate the effect of an antenatal integrative medicine education programme in addition to usual care for nulliparous women on intrapartum epidural use.

Design: Open-label, assessor blind, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: 2 public hospitals in Sydney, Australia.

Population: 176 nulliparous women with low-risk pregnancies, attending hospital-based antenatal clinics.

Methods and intervention: The Complementary Therapies for Labour and Birth protocol, based on the She Births and acupressure for labour and birth courses, incorporated 6 evidence-based complementary medicine techniques: acupressure, visualisation and relaxation, breathing, massage, yoga techniques, and facilitated partner support. Randomisation occurred at 24–36 weeks’ gestation, and participants attended a …

Aboriginal Health Worker Perceptions Of Oral Health: A Qualitative Study In Perth, Western Australia, Angela Durey, Dan Mcaullay, Barry Gibson, Linda Slack-Smith

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Improving oral health for Aboriginal Australians has been slow. Despite dental disease being largely preventable, Aboriginal Australians have worse periodontal disease, more decayed teeth and untreated dental caries than other Australians. Reasons for this are complex and risk factors include broader social and historic determinants such as marginalisation and discrimination that impact on Aboriginal people making optimum choices about oral health. This paper presents findings from a qualitative study conducted in the Perth metropolitan area investigating Aboriginal Health Workers’ (AHWs) perceptions of barriers and enablers to oral health for Aboriginal people.

Methods:

Following extensive consultation with Aboriginal stakeholders, …

Closing The Gap In Nursing Education: Comparing Nursing Registration Systems In Australia And China, Carol Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aim:

To provide a better understanding of how the nursing registration process in China compares to that of Australia and to identify common features and potential barriers that may affect or facilitate the development of China's ever-demanding need for healthcare and nursing education.

Background:

Chinese nursing graduates are increasingly being used to augment the shortage of nurses in other countries, including Australia. However, China is desperately in need of strategies to cope with its current challenges in healthcare and nursing education. There is little discussion concerning the differences in nursing registration systems between countries, such as China and …

Preferred Practice Location At Medical School Commencement Strongly Determines Graduates’ Rural Preferences And Work Locations, Marie S. Herd, Max Bulsara, Michael P. Jones, Donna Mak

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Abstract:

Objective: To identify factors influencing whether Australian medical graduates prefer to, or actually, work rurally

Design: Secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the Medical Schools Outcomes Database (MSOD) using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Setting: Twenty Australian medical schools.

Participants: Australian or New Zealand citizens and Australian permanent residents who completed MSOD questionnaires between 2006 and 2013.

Main outcome measures: Preferred and actual work locations one (PGY1) and three (PGY3) years post-graduation.

Results: Of 20,784 participants, 4028 completed a PGY1 and/or PGY3 questionnaire. Self-reported preference for rural practice location at medical school commencement was the most consistent independent predictor …

Effect Of Medical Student Preference On Rural Clinical School Experience And Rural Career Intentions, L Walters, A Seal, J Mcgirr, R Stewart, D Dewitt, D Playford

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: The key parameter for rural clinical schools (RCSs) is to provide at least 1 year of clinical training in rural areas for 25% of Australian Commonwealth supported medical students with the intent to influence future rural medical workforce outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe the association between a medical student’s selection preference and their RCS experience and rural career intent.

Methods: Medical students completing an RCS placement in 2012 and 2013 were encouraged to complete a survey regarding their experience and future career intent. Data were analysed to compare medical students for whom the RCS was …

A Binational Multicenter Pilot Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial Of Early Goal-Directed Mobilization In The Icu, C Hodgson, M Bailey, R Bellomo, S Berney, H Buhr, L Denehy, B Gabbe, M Harrold, A Higgins, T Iwashyna, R Papworth, R Parke, S Patman, J Presneill, M Saxena, E Skinner, C Tipping, P Young, S Webb

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: The primary objective was to determine if the early goal-directed mobilization (EGDM) intervention could be delivered to patients receiving mechanical ventilation with increased maximal levels of activity compared to standard care.

Design: A pilot, randomized controlled trial

Setting: Five intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia and New Zealand

Participants: Fifty critically ill adults, mechanically ventilated for greater than 24 hours.

Intervention: Patients were randomly assigned to either EGDM (intervention) or to standard care (control). EGDM comprised functional rehabilitation treatment conducted at the highest level of activity possible for that patient assessed by the ICU mobility scale …

Assessing The Feasibility Of A Web-Based Registry For Multiple Orphan Lung Diseases: The Australasian Registry Network For Orphan Lung Disease (Arnold) Experience, K Casamento, A Laverty, M Wilsher, J Twiss, E Gabbay, I Glaspole, A Jaffe

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: We investigated the feasibility of using an online registry to provide prevalence data for multiple orphan lung diseases in Australia and New Zealand.

Methods: A web-based registry, The Australasian Registry Network of Orphan Lung Diseases (ARNOLD) was developed based on the existing British Paediatric Orphan Lung Disease Registry. All adult and paediatric respiratory physicians who were members of the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand in Australia and New Zealand were sent regular emails between July 2009 and June 2014 requesting information on patients they had seen with any of 30 rare lung diseases. Prevalence rates were calculated …

Doctors' Perspectives On Psa Testing Illuminate Established Differences In Prostate Cancer Screening Rates Between Australia And The Uk: A Qualitative Study, K Pickles, S Carter, L Rychetnik, V Entwistle

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: To examine how general practitioners (GPs) in the UK and GPs in Australia explain their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing practices and to illuminate how these explanations are similar and how they are different.

Design: A grounded theory study.

Setting: Primary care practices in Australia and the UK.

Participants: 69 GPs in Australia (n=40) and the UK (n=29). We included GPs of varying ages, sex, clinical experience and patient populations. All GPs interested in participating in the study were included.

Results: GPs’ accounts revealed fundamental differences in whether and how prostate cancer screening occurred in their practice and in the …

Early Life Events And Motor Development: A Longitudinal Study, Tegan Grace

Theses

Longitudinal studies are important to fully understand the processes of neurological development during gestation and how risk factors present during this time impact motor development outcomes, yet few to date have focused on this critical time period.

The purpose of this study was to identify modifiable risk factors influencing motor development during the prenatal period. Of particular interest was finding out whether these risk factors differed between the sexes.

Participants (N=2900) were from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. The Raine Study began in May 1989 and women were recruited between 16-20 weeks gestation (m = 18 weeks) from …