Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Breaking The Bamboo Ceiling And De-Bunking The Model Minority Myth, Yun Saksena

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Leadership roles must incorporate representation from all involved individuals for the resulting decision-making process to reflect the interests and expertise of a diverse organization. Many resources have rightly focused on developing historically underrepresented racial and ethnic (HURE) leaders. Though numbers of Black and Hispanic dental school deans have increased, more work is needed for these and other HURE groups such as American Indians. Asians are not classified as HURE. As an aggregated group they have robust presence in the dental workforce in North America, the United Kingdom and Australia. The assumption is they are fine, so the group is ignored. …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Cervical Cancer Screening From Three U.S. Healthcare Settings, Jennifer C Spencer, Jane J Kim, Jasmin A Tiro, Sarah J Feldman, Sarah C Kobrin, Celette Sugg Skinner, Lei Wang, Anne Marie Mccarthy, Steve J Atlas, Sandi L Pruitt, Michelle I Silver, Jennifer S Haas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: This study sought to characterize racial and ethnic disparities in cervical cancer screening and follow-up of abnormal findings across 3 U.S. healthcare settings.

METHODS: Data were from 2016 to 2019 and were analyzed in 2022, reflecting sites within the Multi-level Optimization of the Cervical Cancer Screening Process in Diverse Settings & Populations Research Center, part of the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process consortium, including a safety-net system in the southwestern U.S., a northwestern mixed-model system, and a northeastern integrated healthcare system. Screening uptake was evaluated among average-risk patients (i.e., no previous abnormalities) by race and ethnicity as …

Perceptions Of Discrimination And Intervention Services By Asian And Asian-American Caregivers Of Children With Disabilities Throughout The Duration Of Covid-19, Angelika A. Cabang, Janet Olson

Honors Capstones

Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) had large impacts on the daily lives of many in the United States from 2020 to 2023. COVID-19 caused country-wide school closures starting in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 school year. Closures had a particularly significant impact on children receiving special education services. In addition, COVID-19 had an impact on Asian-American families with many reporting an increase in Anti-Asian discrimination due to the origin of the COVID-19 virus. However, it was not known if Asian-American families experienced increases in discrimination that may have impacted their children's special education services or if their experiences with special education services …

The Role That Diet And Lifestyle Factor Plays In An Increased Risk For Cardiovascular Disease In Asians And Pacific Islanders, Ethan Caragan

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Cardiovascular disease is the leading global cause of mortality, often resulting in heart attacks and strokes due to obstructed blood flow to vital organs. The risk of these events is influenced by dietary choices, smoking, and physical activity. Despite preventative measures, the impact of diet and lifestyle on cardiovascular health varies across ethnic groups. This thesis aims to evaluate how variations in dietary traditions and lifestyle among Asians and Pacific Islanders contribute to increased or decreased cardiovascular disease risks compared to other racial groups. The study focuses on the dietary and lifestyle factors of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in …

Asian Americans Perceptions Of Mental Health Help-Seeking, Austin Dye

Masters Theses

Mental health has critical importance in the development and functioning of an individual emotionally, psychologically, and socially throughout life. Thus, it is important for an individual to identify mental health issues when experiencing it and seek treatment. However, this understanding appears to differ across cultures and ethnic groups. For instance, Asians in the US have low mental health service utilization. Although researchers have sought to identify the reason, many of these studies are dated, and have not fully explored all the different factors that influence this behavior, nor explored if there are generational differences. In the current study, 102 Asians …

Asian Immigrant Parents And Their Asian/Asian-American Children: Bridging The Emotional Gap, Natalie Vergara Realubit

Educational Specialist, 2020-current

This manuscript explores and examines Asian/Asian-American identity and values. A brief discussion of Asian immigration history, intergenerational trauma, and the impacts of COVID-19 will be linked to Asian identity. Eastern values are explored in conjunction with Western values to highlight the differences and contradictions Asians/Asian-Americans navigate. Biculturalism is explained, as well as how the navigation of values results in individuals living in their ethnic and host cultures simultaneously. Acculturation and enculturation, the model minority myth, education and the American Dream, and bicultural stress experienced by Asian-Americans and Asian international students are explored to highlight the various ways in which biculturalism …

Distress Evaluation During Chemotherapy: The Real-Time Assessment Strategies For Oncology Nurses Among Asian Population In Outpatient Clinics, Ying Huang

DNP Qualifying Manuscripts

Background: Routine oncology visits failed to identify 50-94% of patient’s distress, which creates a considerable burden, impairs emotional well-being and reduces patients’ quality of life. Limited in-person visits during the COVID-19 pandemic have reduced access to care for many patients, further adding to their emotional distress. Untreated distress also leads to elevated stress levels, systemic inflammation, non-compliance with treatment, and higher mortality rates. Early distress screening and multidisciplinary care are recommended to reduce the impacts of distress.

Objectives: To identify the best outpatient practices to address newly diagnosed cancer patients’ unique needs due to distress.

Methods: Databases searched including CINAHL® …

Urate Genetic Assessment In Asian And Pacific Islander Subgroups Of Pregnant Women: Implications For Personalized Medicine And Means To Reduce Health Disparities, Ali Alghubayshi

Theses and Dissertations

Gout is one of the most common rheumatic conditions and appears to have a higher prevalence in certain populations. Risk factors for gout and its precursor, hyperuricemia, are also significant risk factors for preeclampsia, major pregnancy-related morbidity. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 1059 pregnant women from different populations whom 100% reported their ethnicities from the Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations. Numerous uric acid (UA) genes and clinical conditions were addressed, and all study details were reviewed and exempted by the University of Hawaii human Studies Program (Protocol Number: 2018-00225). In this project, we hypothesized that UA …

Awareness Of Dying And Conflict Resolution: Texas Asian Perspectives, Gloria Duke Phd, Rn, Charlotte Wool Phd, Rn, Lobsang Tenzing Rn, Bsn

The Qualitative Report

Individuals in the end-of-life (EOL) period may not be fully aware of their prognosis or know they are facing a terminal illness. As Asian beliefs and cultural tendencies intersect with Western values, health care practitioners may find their assumptions about disclosing an EOL prognosis differs from patients and their family members. Disagreements among family members regarding the disclosure of EOL to their terminally ill loved one can result in conflict—making difficult and sensitive times more burdensome. Little scientific evidence is known about first generation Asians who live in the United States (US) regarding their practices with disclosing EOL and how …

Awareness Of Dying And Conflict Resolution: Texas Asian Perspectives, Gloria Duke, Charlotte Wood, Lobsang Tenzing

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Individuals in the end-of-life (EOL) period may not be fully aware of their prognosis or know they are facing a terminal illness. As Asian beliefs and cultural tendencies intersect with Western values, health care practitioners may find their assumptions about disclosing an EOL prognosis differs from patients and their family members. Disagreements among family members regarding the disclosure of EOL to their terminally ill loved one can result in conflict--making difficult and sensitive times more burdensome. Little scientific evidence is known about first generation Asians who live in the United States (US) regarding their practices with disclosing EOL and how …

Renal Safety And Racial Disparity In Patients On Antiviral Treatment For Chronic Hepatitis B, Matthew Miller, Sindhuri Benjaram, Raya Kutaimy, Paul Naylor, Elizabeth May, Murray Ehrinpreis, Milton Mutchnick

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background:

Many African Americans (AA) are chronically infected with Hepatitis B (HBV). While antiviral therapy is highly effective, clinical trials suggest a treatment-related decline in kidney function is possible. Given that chronic HBV predominately affects Asians worldwide, most studies have contained few AA patients. We evaluated these treatment-related kidney function changes in our predominately AA patient population.

Methods:

From 225 HBV patients, we identified 42 patients who were not co-infected with HIV or HCV, had a recent visit, and at least one earlier visit (before Jan 2017). If on treatment with antivirals it must have been for at least 2 …

Evidence For Gene-Smoking Interactions For Hearing Loss And Deafness In Japanese American Families, Jia Y Wan, Christina Cataby, Andrew Liem, Emily Jeffrey, Trina M Norden-Krichmar, Deborah Goodman, Stephanie A Santorico, Karen L Edwards

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the relationship between smoking and hearing loss and deafness (HLD) and whether the relationship is modified by genetic variation. Data for these analyses was from the subset of Japanese American families collected as part of the American Diabetes Association Genetics of Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus study. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations assessed the relationship between HLD and smoking. Nonparametric linkage analysis identified genetic regions harboring HLD susceptibility genes and ordered subset analysis was used to identify regions showing evidence for gene-smoking interactions. Genetic variants within these candidate regions were then each tested for interaction with …

Perspectives Of Asian/Pacific Islanders On Lung Cancer Screening In Philadelphia: A Qualitative Study, Melissa Chai, Kristine Pham, Mph, Rickie Brawer, Phd, Mph, Mches

Phase 1

Introduction: Even though rates of smoking, the leading cause of cancer, are lower in Asian/Pacific Islanders (API), the rates of lung cancer deaths are still one of the highest compared to those of other minority groups in the US. However, little is known about the beliefs and attitudes that influence lung cancer screening behaviors of APIs.

Objective: The objective of this study is to better understand the current beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge of APIs in Philadelphia towards lung cancer and lung cancer screening.

Methods: Six in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants, who all had extensive experience working with the …

Integration Through Green Murals, Linh Duong, Kirsty Kelso, Julie Thiel, Alexis Cao

Nexus Maximus

Green Murals allow Asian residents to share culture and traditions through food and horticulture. Green Murals are Outdoor plant-based vertical gardens with themes such as vegetables, herbs with food/medicinal recipes, and flower arrangements reflecting traditional/historical stories. It increases green space in South Philadelphia, educate people to eat healthy, attract tourists to the areas, and improve social engagement.

Nexus Maximus V

The 2018 Challenge: "Improving Lives Through Healthy Communities" Teams will evaluate and seek innovation that supports the health and well-being of specific local community populations. The team’s project work will be supplemented with workshops on innovation, entrepreneurship, and content relevant …

How Can Developmental Transformations Address Culture Shock To Those Moving From Collectivist Societies Into Individualistic Ones, Such As, Chinese Immigrants Into The United States?, Fabiola Valdivia

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

Immigration has always existed, and lately with the heyday of social networks and media, we have witnessed high rates of immigration due to different social and political contexts that have forced people to leave their homes looking for a better situation. Many of these individuals have emigrated and continue to emigrate to the United States of America, in search of, what in some cases they believe will be, the American dream.

This document explores the implementation of developmental transformations (DvT), originally a drama therapy approach, with an immigrant population coming from a collective society such as the Asian into an …

Functional Polymorphisms Of Alcohol Metabolism Genes And Their Protection Against Alcoholism Via Gene Therapy: A Systematic Review, Olivia Tzeng

Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Around 45% of East Asians are unable to fully metabolize ethanol due to functional

polymorphisms of alcohol metabolism genes, specifically alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). These individuals display high levels of toxic blood acetaldehyde when consuming alcohol, causing symptoms such as tachycardia, vomiting, and flushing. The studies included in this review examine how functional polymorphisms of ADH and ALDH protect against alcoholism in addition to how polymorphisms can be utilized as protection against alcoholism via gene therapy. The studies included found that carriers of the ADH and ALDH polymorphisms were 66 to 99% genetically protected against alcoholism. Through …

Racial/Ethnic Disparities Among Asian Americans In Inpatient Acute Myocardial Infarction Mortality In The United States, E. J. Kim, N. R. Kressin, M. K. Paasche-Orlow, L. Lopez, J. E. Rosens, M. Lin, A. D. Hanchate

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Support Needs Of Minority Women With Heart Disease, Everly Macario Sc.D., M.S., Ed.M., Heather Z. Montague Ph.D., Susan M. Campbell M.P.H., Yukari T. Schneider Ph.D., M.P.H., Jennifer H. Mieres M.D.

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects minority women disproportionately. WomenHeart: The National Coalition for Women with Heart Disease sought to determine effective ways to support non-Caucasian women with CVD. We surveyed women of color living with CVD to understand their unique CVD-related support needs.

Methods. 514 non-white women (100 Hispanic, 180 African American, 104 Asian, 107 Indigenous, 23 multiracial) with CVD from 46 states responded to a 55-question survey (online/telephone, English/Spanish) 8/28/15 through 9/11/15.

Results. Among respondents not currently attending support groups, 80% were interested in attending support groups. Of WomenHeart services, respondents were most interested in online message boards. Among …

Impact Of Southeast Asian Smoke On Aerosol Properties In Southwest China: First Comparison Of Model Simulations With Satellite And Ground Observations, Jun Zhu, Xiangao Xia, Jun Wang, Jinqiang Zhang, Christine Wiedinmyer, Jenny A. Fisher, Christoph A. Keller

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Smoke aerosols have been observed in Southwest China as a result of long-range transport from surrounding areas in March and April. The processes driving this transport and the resultant impact on regional aerosol optical properties are studied here through a combined use of the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS)-Chem chemistry transport model in conjunction with satellite and the first-ever ground-based observations in the Southwest China. The potential biomass burning source regions as well as their respective contributions to aerosol loading in Southwest China are quantified. Compared to Sun photometer observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550nm at eight stations …

Asian/White Differences In The Relationship Of Maternal Age To Low Birth Weight: Analysis Of The Prams Survey, 2004–2011, Sangmi Kim

Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal

This study aimed to examine (a) maternal age patterns of low birth weight (LBW; birth weight < 2,500 g) for non-Hispanic (N-H) Asian and N-H White women, and (b) Asian–White gaps in LBW risk by maternal age and their mechanisms. Logistic regression analyses were performed on the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data of N-H Asian and N-H White women who delivered their first singleton birth without birth defects in 13 states between 2004 and 2011. Age- and race/ethnicity-specific LBW risk was estimated, unadjusted and adjusted for maternal risk factors (e.g., marital status, maternal education, pregnancy intention, stress, maternal morbidities, smoking, and prenatal care) and their interactions with maternal age or race/ethnicity. The interaction between maternal age and race/ethnicity was statistically significant (p < .0001) with covariates and interactions held constant. N-H Asian women showed a reverse W-shaped maternal-age pattern of LBW with the highest risk in their late 30s (OR = 1.56, 95% CI [1.26, 1.94]) whereas N-H White women experienced a maternal age-related increase in LBW. N-H Asian women were more likely to deliver LBW infant than their N-H White counterparts between their late 20s and late 30s, with the greatest racial/ethnic gap in their late 20s (OR = 4.19, 95% CI [3.33, 5.29]). Preventive strategies should be developed targeting N-H Asian women aged 25 to 39 years to reduce the Asian–White disparities in LBW. Considering the known maternal risk …

Attitudes Towards Prenatal Genetics Among Southeast And East Asian Women: A Qualitative Pilot Study, Ginger J. Tsai

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

From 2000-2010, the Asian population in the United States grew five times faster than the overall US population. As Asians become incorporated into the US health care system, it is important to recognize cultural differences that may arise between Asian patients and their health care providers. Prior studies show that cultural values influence genetic perceptions within Asian populations. The reputation of the family unit factors into decisions such as pregnancy termination and disclosure of family medical history, and the non-directive model of American genetic counseling conflicts with the historical Asian model of paternalistic health care. Previous studies also provide conflicting …

Unravelling The Glass Trade Bead Sequence From Magoro Hill, South Africa: Separating Pre-Seventeenth-Century Asian Imports From Later European Counterparts, Farahnaz Koleini, Linda C. Prinsloo, Wim M. Biemond, Philippe Colomban, Anh T. Ngo, Jan C. Boeyens, Maria M. Van Der Ryst, Koos Van Brakel

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Excavations conducted between 2010 and 2012 at Magoro Hill, a site in South Africa's Limpopo Province frequented or intermittently occupied by African farming communities since the first millennium AD, yielded a substantial glass bead assemblage. A selection of the beads was studied non-destructively by classifying them according to morphological attributes, supplemented by Raman analyses and XRF measurements. It became evident that a morphological classification of beads recovered from sites that include imports into Africa after the seventeenth century AD could be problematic due to apparent morphological similarities between earlier and later beads. This paper demonstrates the use and archaeological application …

Association Between Igf2bp2 Polymorphisms And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study And Meta-Analysis, Ping Rao, Hao Wang, Honghong Fang, Qing Gao, Jie Zhang, Manshu Song, Yong Zhou, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) found that IGF2BP2 rs4402960 and rs1470579 polymorphisms were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. Many studies have replicated this association, but yielded inconsistent results.

Materials and Methods:

A case-control study consisting of 461 T2DM patients and 434 health controls was conducted to detect the genetic susceptibility of IGF2BP2 in a northern Han Chinese population. A meta-analysis was to evaluate the association more precisely in Asians.

Results:

In the case-control study, the carriers of TT genotype at rs4402960 had a higher T2DM risk than the G carriers (TG + GG) (adjusted …

Heath Care Providers’ Perceptions Of The Reproductive Challenges And Experiences Among Asian Indian Women Living In Silicon Valley, Olga Alexandra Libova

Doctoral Projects

Objective: To identify common reproductive challenges among Asian Indian (AI) women living in Silicon Valley as perceived by healthcare providers (HCP). Design: A 71-item investigator-developed survey Setting: The survey was available on-line to all HCPs in California Santa Clara county, 75% of respondents were affiliated with El Camino Hospital Mountain View. Participants: Convenience sample of 78 respondents: 34% mother-baby nurses, 24% labor-delivery nurses, 21% OB/GYNs, 7% CNMs, 14% other HCP; 89% female; 55% Caucasian, 24% Asian. Methods: Likert-type scales comparing prevalence of certain reproductive challenges among AI women and women from other race-ethnic groups and openended questions regarding HCPs’ experience …

Breast Cancer In A Multi-Ethnic Asian Setting: Results From The Singapore-Malaysia Hospital-Based Breast Cancer Registry, Awang Bulgiba

Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud

Two hospital-based breast cancer databases (University Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia [n = 1513] and National University Hospital, Singapore [n = 2545]) were merged into a regional registry of breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2007. A review of the data found 51% of patients diagnosed before the age of 50 years. and 72% percent of the women were Chinese followed by Malays (16%), Indians (8%), and other races (4%). Median tumor size at presentation was 26 mm and about 25% of patients presented with TNM stage III or IV disease. Most tumors were of ductal histology (87%). Fifty-seven percent …

Counselor Preferences Of White University Students: Ethnicity And Other Important Characteristics, Yi-Ying Lin

Masters Theses

In the last several decades, multiculturalism has became the one of the most popular research topics in psychology and counseling, and the counselor preferences of ethnic minority clients has been well researched. However, in the history of research on counselor preferences, the needs and preferences of ethnic majority clients have been neglected. This study investigated the counselor preferences of White university students.

This study examined three primary research questions: whether counselor ethnicity influenced White university students’ initial counselor preferences, what were White university students’ preferences for various counselor characteristics, and whether White university students preferred specific counseling styles for different …

Manifest Greatness... Panahon Ng Mga Filipino Ang 21st Century: Ang Asian Century (Ang Pagpapanumbalik Sa Likas Na Karangalan Ng Lahat Ng Filipino Sa Buong Mundo), Emmanuel Mario B. Santos Aka Marc Guerrero

Emmanuel Mario B Santos aka Marc Guerrero

MANIFEST GREATNESS Panahon ng mga Filipino ang 21st century: Ang Asian Century (Ang pagpapanumbalik sa likas na Karangalan ng lahat ng Filipino sa buong mundo) Manifest Greatness is a work-in-progress Manifesto of, for and by Filipino citizens of the world in synergy with foreign national friends of the Filipino people worldwide in pursuit of genuine entrepreneurial wisdom

Asian Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Registry: Study Protocolv, Mohammad Wasay, Ayeesha Kamal, Bhojo Khealani

Department of Medicine

Introduction:

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a well known but poorly reported entity. Most of the studies and registries related to CVT are reported from European countries. No large multi-center or multi- national data base or registry has been reported from Asian countries. CVT is not uncommon in Asia especially in south Asian subcontinent including India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. One study reported from India that CVT accounted for half of all strokes in the young and 40% of strokes in women. Review of CVT cases from Asian countries is suggestive of differences in risk factors profile and outcome in these …

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Masquerading As Carcinoma Of The Breast: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Richard Tuli, Brian J O'Hara, Janet Hines, Anne L Rosenberg

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is an uncommon, benign entity with a diagnosis of exclusion. The typical clinical presentation of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis often mimics infection or malignancy. As a result, histopathological confirmation of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis combined with exclusion of infection, malignancy and other causes of granulomatous disease is absolutely necessary. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a young woman with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, initially mistaken for mastitis as well as breast carcinoma, and successfully treated with a course of corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: There is no clear clinical consensus regarding the ideal therapeutic management of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Treatment options …

Hypertension And Kidney Disease In Asia, Tazeen H. Jafar

Section of Nephrology

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Communicable diseases were traditionally the major cause of public health concern in Asian countries, most of which were less developed. With industrialization and associated lifestyle changes during the past few decades, however, noncommunicable diseases similar to those that affect Western societies have emerged in Asian countries. The purpose of the review was to examine recent evidence about the burden and factors associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Asian countries.RECENT FINDINGS: Hypertension has become one of the leading causes of mortality in Asia. Although its prevalence continues to rise, it remains under-diagnosed and under-treated. CKD …