Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Mir-132-3p Priming Enhances The Effects Of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes On Ameliorating Brain Ischemic Injury, Qunwen Pan, Xiaoli Kuang, Shuyun Cai, Xiang Wang, Donghui Du, Jinju Wang, Yan Wang, Yanyu Chen, Ji Chen Bihl, Yanfang Chen, Bin Zhao, Xiaotang Ma

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Backgrounds/aims: Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXs) could exert protective effects on recipient cells by transferring the contained microRNAs (miRs), and miR-132-3p is one of angiogenic miRs. However, whether the combination of MSC-EXs and miR-132-3p has better effects in ischemic cerebrovascular disease remains unknown. Methods: Mouse MSCs transfected with scrambler control or miR-132-3p mimics were used to generate MSC-EXs and miR-132-3p-overexpressed MSC-EXs (MSC-EXsmiR-132-3p). The effects of EXs on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-injured ECs in ROS generation, apoptosis, and barrier function were analyzed. The levels of RASA1, Ras, phosphorylations of PI3K, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthesis (eNOS), and tight junction proteins (Claudin-5 and …

Epc-Derived Microvesicles Protect Cardiomyocytes From Ang Ii-Induced Hypertrophy And Apoptosis, Shenhong Gu, Wei Zhang, Ji Chen, Ruilian Ma, Xiang Xiao, Xiaotang Ma, Zhen Yao, Yanfang Chen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Cell-released microvesicles (MVs) represent a novel way of cell-to-cell communication. Previous evidence indicates that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)-derived MVs can modulate endothelial cell survival and proliferation. In this study, we evaluated whether EPC-MVs protect cardiomyocytes (CMs) against angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertrophy and apoptosis. The H9c2 CMs were exposed to Ang II in the presence or absence of EPC-MVs. Cell viability, apoptosis, surface area and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) expression were analyzed. Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species (ROS), serine/threonine kinase (Akt), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and their phosphorylated proteins (p-Akt, p-eNOS) were measured. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and NOS inhibitors were used …

Anti-Cancer Effects Of Glypican-3 On Huh-7 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells, Jiyu Wen, Xiaojun Wen, Jinju Wang, Yang Shu, Zhidong Qiu, Zhongkao Liu, Ran Li, Guofang Zeng, Shiting Bao, Huilai Miao, Yanfang Chen, Mingyi Li

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Aim: Previous studies have suggested Glypican-3 (GPC3) could be a valuable diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study examined the effects of overexpression of GPC3 on Huh-7 hepatoma cells.

Methods: We constructed a recombinant plasmid vector pcDNA3.1 (+)-GPC3 for GPC3 overexpression studies in Huh-7 cells. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to confirm GPC3 gene expression. Cell proliferation was evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were examined by Boyden Transewll and Matrigel assays.

Results: GPC3 overexpression effectively …

Transfusion Of Cxcr4-Primed Endothelial Progenitor Cells Reduces Cerebral Ischemic Damage And Promotes Repair In Db/Db Diabetic Mice, Ji Chen, Jianying Chen, Shuzhen Chen, Cheng Zhang, Liangqing Zhang, Xiang Xiao, Avik Das, Yuhui Zhao, Bin Yuan, Mariana Morris, Bin Zhao, Yanfang Chen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

This study investigated the role of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis in brain and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and explored the efficacy of CXCR4 primed EPCs in treating ischemic stroke in diabetes. The db/db diabetic and db/+ mice were used in this study. Levels of plasma SDF-1α and circulating CD34+CXCR4+ cells were measured. Brain SDF-1α and CXCR4 expression were quantified at basal and after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In in vitro study, EPCs were transfected with adenovirus carrying null (Ad-null) or CXCR4 (Ad-CXCR4) followed with high glucose (HG) treatment for 4 days. For pathway block …

Q-Ve-Oph, A Negative Control For O-Phenoxy-Conjugated Caspase Inhibitors, Benjamin Southerland, Kashmira Kulkarni-Datar, Chanel Keoni, Rebecca Bricker, William C. Grunwald Jr., Daniel M. Ketcha, Eugene Hern, David R. Cool, Thomas L. Brown

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

The broad-spectrum apoptosis (caspase) inhibitor, Q-VD-OPh, has been shown to have no side effects and is effective at a much lower concentration than other FMK-type caspase inhibitors. However, an appropriate negative control to use with this inhibi- tor has not been available. In this study, we developed and analyzed a new compound, based on the Q-VD-OPh backbone, which acts as a cognate negative control. To create the negative control, we substituted a glutamate residue for the aspartate residue to create Q-VE-OPh, thereby retaining the identical charge and molecular properties with only the addition of an extra –CH2 group. The purity …

The Role Of Apoptosis In Hela Cells Expressing Hiv-1 Rev, Elizabeth Page

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The HIV protein Rev is a nucleolar protein that regulates late gene expression in infected cells by promoting the export of under-spliced viral RNAs (Pollard and Malim, 1998). Its over-expression can also inhibit progression through mitosis (Miyazaki et al., 1995), possibly through its ability to depolymerize microtubules (Watts et al., 2000). Consequently, Rev may activate the spindle assembly checkpoint in mitotic cells and increase the frequency of apoptosis. Rev also binds the nucleolar protein B23 involved in ribosome maturation and centrosome duplication. Because loss of B23 function stimulates apoptosis (Ahn et al., 2005), Rev expression may promote apoptosis by inhibiting …