Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Utilization Of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (Cmr) Imaging For Resumption Of Athletic Activities Following Covid-19 Infection: An Expert Consensus Document On Behalf Of The American Heart Association Council On Cardiovascular Radiology And Intervention (Cvri) Leadership And Endorsed By The Society For Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (Scmr), Frederick L Ruberg, Aaron L Baggish, Allison G Hays, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Jiwon Kim, Karen G Ordovas, Gautham Reddy, Chetan Shenoy, Jonathan W Weinsaft, Pamela K Woodard

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by infection with severe acute respiratory suyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now entering its 4th year with little evidence of abatement. As of December 2022, the World Health Organization Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard reported 643 million cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide and 98 million in the United States alone as the country with the highest number of cases. While pneumonia with lung injury has been the manifestation of COVID-19 principally responsible for morbidity and mortality, myocardial inflammation and systolic dysfunction though uncommon are well-recognized features that also associate with adverse prognosis. …

Utilization Of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (Cmr) Imaging For Resumption Of Athletic Activities Following Covid-19 Infection: An Expert Consensus Document On Behalf Of The American Heart Association Council On Cardiovascular Radiology And Intervention (Cvri) Leadership And Endorsed By The Society For Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (Scmr), Frederick L. Ruberg, Aaron L. Baggish, Allison G. Hays, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Jiwon Kim, Karen G. Ordovas, Gautham Reddy, Chetan Shenoy, Jonathan W. Weinsaft, Pamela K. Woodard

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by infection with severe acute respiratory suyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now entering its 4th year with little evidence of abatement. As of December 2022, the World Health Organization Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard reported 643 million cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide and 98 million in the United States alone as the country with the highest number of cases. While pneumonia with lung injury has been the manifestation of COVID-19 principally responsible for morbidity and mortality, myocardial inflammation and systolic dysfunction though uncommon are well-recognized features that also associate with adverse prognosis. …

Topics And Sentiment Surrounding Vaping On Twitter And Reddit During The 2019 E-Cigarette And Vaping Use-Associated Lung Injury Outbreak: Comparative Study, Dezhi Wu, Erin Kasson, Avineet Kumar Singh, Yang Ren, Nina Kaiser, Ming Huang, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Vaping or e-cigarette use has become dramatically more popular in the United States in recent years. e-Cigarette and vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI) cases caused an increase in hospitalizations and deaths in 2019, and many instances were later linked to unregulated products. Previous literature has leveraged social media data for surveillance of health topics. Individuals are willing to share mental health experiences and other personal stories on social media platforms where they feel a sense of community, reduced stigma, and empowerment.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare vaping-related content on 2 popular social media platforms (ie, Twitter and Reddit) …

Food Safety Attitudes, Behaviors, And Hygiene Measures Among Predominantly Low-Income Parents In Houston, Texas, Christina K Carstens, Joelle K Salazar, Shreela V Sharma, Wenyaw Chan, Charles Darkoh

Journal Articles

ABSTRACT: Foodborne infections in the United States affect racial-ethnic minority and low-income populations at higher rates than the general population. to identify the prevalence of food safety behaviors and demographic characteristics associated with food handling practices among a susceptible, high-risk population, a cross-sectional survey was administered to 106 parents with children enrolled at two elementary schools serving predominantly low-income families in Houston, Texas. Relationships between demographic characteristics and food safety behavioral outcomes were examined using cross-tabulations and Fisher's exact test. Most respondents were female (93.4%), Hispanic, Latino, or Mexican American (94.9%), and had no previous food handling employment experience (75.0%). …

Association Of Initial Sars-Cov-2 Test Positivity With Patient-Reported Well-Being 3 Months After A Symptomatic Illness., Lauren E Wisk, Michael A Gottlieb, Erica S Spatz, Huihui Yu, Ralph C Wang, B. H. Slovis, Sharon Saydah, Ian D Plumb, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Juan Carlos C Montoy, Samuel A Mcdonald, Zhenqiu Lin, Jin-Mann S Lin, Katherine Koo, Ahamed H Idris, Ryan M Huebinger, Mandy J Hill, Nicole L Gentile, Anna Marie Chang, Jill Anderson, Bala Hota, Arjun K Venkatesh, Robert A Weinstein, Joann G Elmore, Graham Nichol

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Long-term sequelae after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may impact well-being, yet existing data primarily focus on discrete symptoms and/or health care use.

OBJECTIVE: To compare patient-reported outcomes of physical, mental, and social well-being among adults with symptomatic illness who received a positive vs negative test result for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study was a planned interim analysis of an ongoing multicenter prospective longitudinal registry study (the Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry [INSPIRE]). Participants were enrolled from December 11, 2020, to September 10, 2021, and comprised adults (aged ≥18 years) with acute symptoms suggestive …

Wellness And Coping Of Physicians Who Worked In Icus During The Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional North American Survey, Karen E. A. Burns, Rachel K. Mcdonald, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Few surveys have focused on physician moral distress, burnout, and professional fulfilment. We assessed physician wellness and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey using four validated instruments.

SETTING: Sixty-two sites in Canada and the United States.

SUBJECTS: Attending physicians (adult, pediatric; intensivist, nonintensivist) who worked in North American ICUs.

INTERVENTION: None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We analysed 431 questionnaires (43.3% response rate) from 25 states and eight provinces. Respondents were predominantly male (229 [55.6%]) and in practice for 11.8 ± 9.8 years. Compared with prepandemic, respondents reported significant intrapandemic increases in days worked/mo, ICU bed occupancy, and …

Changes In Racial Equity Associated With Participation In The Bundled Payments For Care Improvement Advanced Program, Gmerice Hammond, E John Orav, Jie Zheng, Arnold M Epstein, Karen E Joynt Maddox

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The Medicare alternative payment models are designed to incentivize cost reduction and quality improvement, but there are no requirements established for evaluating the outcomes of the Medicare populations.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether participation in the Medicare Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Advanced (BPCI-A) program was associated with narrowing or widening of Black and White racial inequities in outcomes and access.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective cohort alternative payment models on equity and quality for disadvantaged populations were studied between April 6, 2021, and August 28, 2022, in US hospitals. Black and White Medicare beneficiaries admitted for any of the …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Access To Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery, Laurent G Glance, Karen E Joynt Maddox, Michael Mazzefi, Peter W Knight, Michael P Eaton, Changyong Feng, Miklos D Kertai, James Albernathy, Isaac Y Wu, Julie A Wyrobek, Marisa Cevasco, Nimesh Desai, Andrew W Dick

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Whether people from racial and ethnic minority groups experience disparities in access to minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is not known.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate racial and ethnic disparities in the utilization of MIMVS.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database for patients who underwent mitral valve surgery between 2014 and 2019. Statistical analysis was performed from January 24 to August 11, 2022.

EXPOSURES: Patients were categorized as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic individuals.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The association between MIMVS (vs full sternotomy) and race and ethnicity …

Association Of Initial Sars-Cov-2 Test Positivity With Patient-Reported Well-Being 3 Months After A Symptomatic Illness, Lauren E Wisk, Michael A Gottlieb, Erica S Spatz, Huihui Yu, Ralph C Wang, Benjamin H Slovis, Sharon Saydah, Ian D Plumb, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Juan Carlos C Montoy, Samuel A Mcdonald, Zhenqiu Lin, Jin-Mann S Lin, Katherine Koo, Ahamed H Idris, Ryan M Huebinger, Mandy J Hill, Nicole L Gentile, Anna Marie Chang, Jill Anderson, Bala Hota, Arjun K Venkatesh, Robert A Weinstein, Joann G Elmore, Graham Nichol, Inspire Group

Journal Articles

IMPORTANCE: Long-term sequelae after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may impact well-being, yet existing data primarily focus on discrete symptoms and/or health care use.

OBJECTIVE: To compare patient-reported outcomes of physical, mental, and social well-being among adults with symptomatic illness who received a positive vs negative test result for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study was a planned interim analysis of an ongoing multicenter prospective longitudinal registry study (the Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry [INSPIRE]). Participants were enrolled from December 11, 2020, to September 10, 2021, and comprised adults (aged ≥18 years) with acute symptoms suggestive …

Gantenerumab: An Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibody With Potential Disease-Modifying Effects In Early Alzheimer's Disease, Randall J Bateman, Jeffrey Cummings, Scott Schobel, Stephen Salloway, Bruno Vellas, Mercè Boada, Sandra E Black, Kaj Blennow, Paulo Fontoura, Gregory Klein, Sheila Seleri Assunção, Janice Smith, Rachelle S Doody

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This review describes the research and development process of gantenerumab, a fully human anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody in development to treat early symptomatic and asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies can substantially reverse amyloid plaque pathology and may modify the course of the disease by slowing or stopping its clinical progression. Several molecules targeting amyloid have failed in clinical development due to drug-related factors (e.g., treatment-limiting adverse events, low potency, poor brain penetration), study design/methodological issues (e.g., disease stage, lack of AD pathology confirmation), and other factors. The US Food and Drug Administration's approval of aducanumab, an anti-amyloid monoclonal …

Expanding The Focus Of Occupational Safety And Health: Lessons From A Series Of Linked Scientific Meetings, Paul A Schulte, George L Delclos, Sarah A Felknor, Jessica M K Streit, Michelle Mcdaniel, L Casey Chosewood, Lee S Newman, Faiyaz A Bhojani, Rene Pana-Cryan, Naomi G Swanson

Journal Articles

There is widespread recognition that the world of work is changing, and agreement is growing that the occupational safety and health (OSH) field must change to contribute to the protection of workers now and in the future. Discourse on the evolution of OSH has been active for many decades, but formalized support of an expanded focus for OSH has greatly increased over the past 20 years. Development of approaches such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)'s total Worker Health

Expanding The Focus Of Occupational Safety And Health: Lessons From A Series Of Linked Scientific Meetings, Paul A Schulte, George L Delclos, Sarah A Felknor, Jessica M K Streit, Michelle Mcdaniel, L Casey Chosewood, Lee S Newman, Faiyaz A Bhojani, Rene Pana-Cryan, Naomi G Swanson

Journal Articles

There is widespread recognition that the world of work is changing, and agreement is growing that the occupational safety and health (OSH) field must change to contribute to the protection of workers now and in the future. Discourse on the evolution of OSH has been active for many decades, but formalized support of an expanded focus for OSH has greatly increased over the past 20 years. Development of approaches such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)'s total Worker Health

Return Of Non-Acmg Recommended Incidental Genetic Findings To Pediatric Patients: Considerations And Opportunities From Experiences In Genomic Sequencing, Kevin M Bowling, Michelle L Thompson, Melissa A Kelly, Sarah Scollon, Anne M Slavotinek, Bradford C Powell, Brian M Kirmse, Laura G Hendon, Kyle B Brothers, Bruce R Korf, Gregory M Cooper, John M Greally, Anna C E Hurst

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The uptake of exome/genome sequencing has introduced unexpected testing results (incidental findings) that have become a major challenge for both testing laboratories and providers. While the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics has outlined guidelines for laboratory management of clinically actionable secondary findings, debate remains as to whether incidental findings should be returned to patients, especially those representing pediatric populations.

METHODS: The Sequencing Analysis and Diagnostic Yield working group in the Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research Consortium has collected a cohort of pediatric patients found to harbor a genomic sequencing-identified non-ACMG-recommended incidental finding. The incidental variants were not thought …

Active Vs Traditional Methods Of Recruiting Children For A Clinical Trial In Rural Primary Care Clinics: A Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial, Paul M Darden, Ann M Davis, Jeannette Y Lee, Milan Bimali, Alan E Simon, Andrew M Atz, Crystal S Lim, Thao-Ly Phan, James R Roberts, Russell J Mcculloh, Lee Pyles, Michelle Shaffer, Jessica N Snowden

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Importance: To our knowledge, there are no published randomized clinical trials of recruitment strategies. Rigorously evaluated successful recruitment strategies for children are needed.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of 2 recruitment methods for enrolling rural children through primary care clinics to assess whether either or both methods are sufficiently effective for enrolling participants into a clinical trial of a behavioral telehealth intervention for children with overweight or obesity.

Design, setting, and participants: This cluster-randomized clinical trial of 2 recruitment methods was conducted at 4 primary care clinics in 4 separate states. Each clinic used both recruitment methods in random order. …

Association Of Social Needs And Healthcare Utilization Among Medicare And Medicaid Beneficiaries In The Accountable Health Communities Model, Jennifer Holcomb, Linda Highfield, Gayla M Ferguson, Robert O Morgan

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Integration of health-related social needs (HRSNs) data into clinical care is recognized as a driver for improving healthcare. However, few published studies on HRSNs and their impact are available. CMS sought to fill this gap through the Accountable Health Communities (AHC) Model, a national RCT of HRSN screening, referral, and navigation. Data from the AHC Model could significantly advance the field of HRSN screening and intervention in the USA.

OBJECTIVE: to present data from the Greater Houston AHC (GH-AHC) Model site on HRSN frequency and the association between HRSNs, sociodemographic factors, and self-reported ED utilization using a cross-sectional design. …

Tdap-Hpv Vaccination Bundling In The Usa: Trends, Predictors, And Implications For Vaccine Series Completion, Yenan Zhu, Chi-Fang Wu, Anna R Giuliano, Maria E Fernandez, Ana P Ortiz, Cecilia Ganduglia Cazaban, Ruosha Li, Ashish A Deshmukh, Kalyani Sonawane

Journal Articles

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) promotes taking a 'bundling approach' (i.e., administering Tetanus, diphtheria toxoids, and acellular pertussis [Tdap] and human papillomavirus [HPV] vaccines in the same way and on the same day) for adolescent vaccinations. Recent trends and patterns in Tdap-HPV vaccination bundling in the USA remain undocumented. In addition, the implications of bundling Tdap-HPV vaccination for HPV vaccine series completion remain unknown. to address these critical knowledge gaps, we performed a retrospective study using a nationwide sample of privately insured adolescents (Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database). Tdap-HPV vaccination bundling (per 100 Tdap vaccination encounters) …

Does Hospital Location Matter? Association Of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage With Hospital Quality In Us Metropolitan Settings, Nwabunie Nwana, Wenyaw Chan, James Langabeer, Bita Kash, Trudy Millard Krause

Journal Articles

An aspect of a hospital's location, such as its degree of socioeconomic disadvantage, could potentially affect quality ratings of the hospital; yet, few studies have granularly explored this relationship in United States (US) metropolitan areas characterized by a wide breadth of socioeconomic disparities across neighborhoods. An understanding of the effect of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on hospital quality of care is informative for targeting resources in poor neighborhoods. We assessed the association of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage with hospital quality of care across several areas of quality (including mortality, readmission, safety, patient experience, effectiveness of care, summary and overall star rating) in …

Real-World Utilization And Outcomes Of Systemic Therapy Among Patients With Advanced Or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer In The United States, Jinan Liu, Bruno Emond, Eric M Maiese, Marie-Hélène Lafeuille, Patrick Lefebvre, Isabelle Ghelerter, Caterina Wu, Jean A Hurteau, Premal H Thaker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate systemic therapy utilization patterns and outcomes by line of therapy among patients with advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) treated in the United States.

METHODS: This retrospective observational study used the Optum Clinformatics Extended Data Mart Date of Death database (1 January 2004-31 December 2019) and included de-identified data from adult patients with advanced/recurrent EC who were treated with first-line (1L) platinum-based chemotherapy and initiated second-line (2L) anti-neoplastic therapy. The index date was the date of 1L therapy initiation. The number and sequence of treatments received and the proportion of patients who received each type of treatment for each line …

Real-World Evidence Supporting Tandem Control-Iq Hybrid Closed-Loop Success In The Medicare And Medicaid Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Populations, Gregory P Forlenza, Anders L Carlson, Rodolfo J Galindo, Davida F Kruger, Carol J Levy, Janet B Mcgill, Guillermo Umpierrez, Grazia Aleppo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Accounting For The Growth Of Observation Stays In The Assessment Of Medicare's Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program, Amber K Sabbatini, Karen E Joynt-Maddox, Joshua M Liao, Anirban Basu, Canada Parrish, William Kreuter, Brad Wright

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Decreases in 30-day readmissions following the implementation of the Medicare Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) have occurred against the backdrop of increasing hospital observation stay use, yet observation stays are not captured in readmission measures.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the HRRP was associated with decreases in 30-day readmissions after accounting for observation stays.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study included a 20% sample of inpatient admissions and observation stays among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2015. Data analysis was performed from November 2021 to June 2022. A differences-in-differences analysis assessed changes in …

Membership And Feedback On The American Academy Of Orthopaedic Surgeons And Other Subspecialty Societies: A Survey Study Of Orthopaedic Surgeons., Arjun Saxena, Gregory R Toci, Parker L Brush, Alexis Reinhardt, Pedro K Beredjiklian, Alan S. Hilibrand, Alex R. Vaccaro, Daniel Fletcher

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

Introduction: Orthopaedic surgeons face decreased reimbursement, lower income, and increased rates of burnout. As subspecializing through fellowship training in orthopaedics becomes more and more prevalent, the value of membership to a general orthopaedic society (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons [AAOS]) warrants investigation.

Methods: One hundred thirty orthopaedic surgeons were surveyed by e-mail through a 14-item anonymous survey administered through SurveyMonkey. The survey inquired about surgeon experience, practice type, fellowship training, and details regarding AAOS and subspecialty society membership.

Results: The response rate was 67%, with 94% of respondents indicating that they were members of AAOS and a subspecialty society. The …

Efficacy Of Early Inpatient Rehabilitation Of Post-Covid-19 Survivors: Single-Center Retrospective Analysis, Ning Cao, Jaclyn Barcikowski, Franklin Womble, Bianca Martinez, Yevgeniya Sergeyenko, Jacob H. Koffer, Michael Kwasniewski, Thomas Watanabe, Rui Xiao, Alberto Esquenazi

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to understand the demographic, clinical characteristics, and effectiveness of early inpatient rehabilitation of post-COVID survivors.

DESIGN: A single-center retrospective chart review analysis of 100 patients admitted to a newly created acute COVID rehabilitation unit (CORE+) from April to December 2020 was conducted.

RESULTS: The demographic and clinical characteristics and complications of 100 post-COVID patients were reviewed. Functional outcomes of GG Self-care and Mobility Activities Items (Section GG0130 and GG0170) of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Patient Assessment Instrument (Version 3.0) at admission and discharge, prevalence of …

Prevalence Of Polypharmacy And Associated Adverse Outcomes And Risk Factors Among Children With Asthma In The Usa: A Cross-Sectional Study, Luyu Xie, Andrew Gelfand, Caitlin C Murphy, M Sunil Mathew, Folefac Atem, George L Delclos, Sarah Messiah

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy, identify risk factors and examine related adverse outcomes in the US children with asthma.

DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based, cross-sectional study included 1776 children with asthma from the 2011-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

EXPOSURES: Polypharmacy is defined as taking ≥2 medications concurrently for ≥1 day over the past 30 days.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: (1) Weighted prevalence estimates of polypharmacy in children with asthma; (2) asthma attacks and emergency department (ED) visits.

RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of polypharmacy in the US children with asthma was 33.49% (95% CI 31.81% to …

Respiratory Virus Surveillance Among Children With Acute Respiratory Illnesses - New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, 2016-2021, Ariana Perez, Joana Y Lively, Aaron Curns, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Natasha B Halasa, Mary Allen Staat, Peter G Szilagyi, Laura S Stewart, Monica M Mcneal, Benjamin Clopper, Yingtao Zhou, Brett L Whitaker, Elizabeth Lemasters, Elizabeth Harker, Janet A Englund, Eileen J Klein, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J Harrison, Julie A Boom, Leila C Sahni, Marian G Michaels, John V Williams, Gayle E Langley, Susan I Gerber, Angela Campbell, Aron J Hall, Brian Rha, Meredith Mcmorrow

Journal Articles

The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance platform that enrolls children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) at seven pediatric medical centers. ARIs are caused by respiratory viruses including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), which result in morbidity among infants and young children (1-6). NVSN estimates the incidence of pathogen-specific pediatric ARIs and collects clinical data (e.g., underlying medical conditions and vaccination status) to assess risk factors for severe disease and calculate influenza and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness. Current NVSN …

Respiratory Virus Surveillance Among Children With Acute Respiratory Illnesses - New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, 2016-2021., Ariana Perez, Joana Y. Lively, Aaron Curns, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Natasha B. Halasa, Mary Allen Staat, Peter G. Szilagyi, Laura S. Stewart, Monica M. Mcneal, Benjamin Clopper, Yingtao Zhou, Brett L. Whitaker, Elizabeth Lemasters, Elizabeth Harker, Janet A. Englund, Eileen J. Klein, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Gayle E. Langley, Susan I. Gerber, Angela Campbell, Aron J. Hall, Brian Rha, Meredith Mcmorrow, New Vaccine Surveillance Network Collaborators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance platform that enrolls children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) at seven pediatric medical centers. ARIs are caused by respiratory viruses including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), which result in morbidity among infants and young children (1-6). NVSN estimates the incidence of pathogen-specific pediatric ARIs and collects clinical data (e.g., underlying medical conditions and vaccination status) to assess risk factors for severe disease and calculate influenza and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness. Current NVSN …

Towards A Common Lexicon For Equity, Diversity, And Inclusion Work In Academic Medicine, José E Rodríguez, Edgar Figueroa, Kendall M Campbell, Judy C Washington, Octavia Amaechi, Tanya Anim, Kari-Claudia Allen, Krys Foster, Maia Hightower, Yury Parra, Maria H Wusu, William A Smith, Mary Ann Villarreal, Linda H Pololi

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

Differential rewarding of work and experience has been a longtime feature of academic medicine, resulting in a series of academic disparities. These disparities have been collectively called a cultural or minority "tax," and, when considered beyond academic medicine, exist across all departments, colleges, and schools of institutions of higher learning-from health sciences to disciplines located on university campuses outside of medicine and health. A shared language can provide opportunities for those who champion this work to pool resources for larger impacts across the institution. This article aims to catalog the terms used across academic medicine disciplines to establish a common …

Association Between The Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion And Receipt Of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy By Race And Ethnicity, Hunter Mwansa, Ibrahim Barry, Shannon M Knapp, Sula Mazimba, Elizabeth Calhoun, Nancy K Sweitzer, Khadijah Breathett

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background Black and Hispanic patients are less likely to receive cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) than White patients. Medicaid expansion has been associated with increased access to cardiovascular care among racial and ethnic groups with higher prevalence of underinsurance. It is unknown whether the Medicaid expansion was associated with increased receipt of CRT by race and ethnicity. Methods and Results Using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Data State Inpatient Databases from 19 states and Washington, DC, we analyzed 1061 patients from early-adopter states (Medicaid expansion by January 2014) and 745 patients from nonadopter states (no implementation 2013-2014). Estimates of change in …

Differential Patterns And Outcomes Of 20.6 Million Cardiovascular Emergency Department Encounters For Men And Women In The United States., Zahra Raisi-Estabragh, Ofer Kobo, Ayman Elbadawi, Poonam Velagapudi, Garima Sharma, Renee P Bullock-Palmer, Steffen E Petersen, Laxmi S Mehta, Waqas Ullah, Ariel Roguin, Louise Y Sun, Mamas A Mamas

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Background We describe sex-differential disease patterns and outcomes of >20.6 million cardiovascular emergency department encounters in the United States. Methods and Results We analyzed primary cardiovascular encounters from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample between 2016 and 2018. We grouped cardiovascular diagnoses into 15 disease categories. The sample included 48.7% women; median age was 67 (interquartile range, 54-78) years. Men had greater overall baseline comorbidity burden; however, women had higher rates of obesity, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease. For women, the most common emergency department encounters were essential hypertension (16.0%), hypertensive heart or kidney disease (14.1%), and atrial fibrillation/flutter (10.2%). For men, …

Effectiveness Of The Ad26.Cov2.S (Johnson & Johnson) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Vaccine For Preventing Covid-19 Hospitalizations And Progression To High Disease Severity In The United States, Nathaniel M Lewis, Hilary M Babcock, Jennie H Kwon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background . Adults in the United States (US) began receiving the adenovirus vector coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson [Janssen]), in February 2021. We evaluated Ad26.COV2.S vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 hospitalization and high disease severity during the first 10 months of its use. Methods . In a multicenter case-control analysis of US adults (≥18 years) hospitalized 11 March to 15 December 2021, we estimated VE against susceptibility to COVID-19 hospitalization (VEs), comparing odds of prior vaccination with a single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine between hospitalized cases with COVID-19 and controls without COVID-19. Among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, …

Greenspace Across The United States: Exploring Equity And Associations With Physical Activity, Obesity, And Health-Related Quality Of Life, Ellen W. Stowe

Theses and Dissertations

Neighborhood greenspace is important for health and well-being but may not be equitably present in neighborhoods across the United States. Also, many adults are physically inactive, have obesity, and report poor health-related quality of life. Greenspace has been tied to these health conditions, but with mixed findings. The purpose of this study was to 1) use an environmental justice perspective to examine variations in 11 measures of greenspace by neighborhood race/ethnicity, income, and rurality in block groups across the contiguous United States and 2) examine 11 greenspace measures in connection to physical activity, obesity, and health-related quality of life in …