Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Media Framing, Moral Panic And Covid-19: A Comparative Analysis Of China, South Korea, And The Us., Deena Devore, Sinyong Choi, Yudu Li, Hong Lu

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

COVID-19 is perhaps the single most impactful event defining 2020 globally. Drawing on theory on media typology involving freedom and responsibility, media framing and moral panic theories, this paper examines media coverage on COVID-19 in three countries, China, South Korea and the United States. Data were obtained from six news outlets, Xinhua News, South China Morning Post, Chosun, Hankyoreh, CNN and Breitbart, two from each of the three countries. More than 1,000 COVID-19 related reports, spanning six days (the last day of January to June, 2020) were selected and coded based on common priming themes such as tone, the othering, …

Racial Disparities In Maternal Mortality In The United States: A Systematic Literature Review, Alexandria J. Lamie, Samantha F. Ehrlich

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

Association Of Physician Group Practice Participation In Bundled Payments With Patient Selection, Costs, And Outcomes For Joint Replacement, Karen E Joynt Maddox, E John Orav, Jie Zheng, Arnold M Epstein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Medicare's Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) program, which ran from 2013 to 2018, was an important experiment in physician-focused alternative payment models. However, little is known about whether the program was associated with better quality or outcomes or lower costs.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether participation in BPCI among physician group practices was associated with advantageous or deleterious changes in costs or patient outcomes.

DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used 2013 to 2017 Medicare files and difference-in-differences (DID) models to compare the change over time in Medicare payments, patient selection, and clinical outcomes between 91 orthopedic groups …

The Prove Study: Us Real-World Experience With Chlormethine/Mechlorethamine Gel In Combination With Other Therapies For Patients With Mycosis Fungoides Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Ellen J Kim, Joan Guitart, Christiane Querfeld, Michael Girardi, Amy Musiek, Oleg E Akilov, James T Angello, William L Bailey, Larisa J Geskin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Chlormethine/mechlorethamine gel is a skin-directed therapy for patients with mycosis fungoides cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Currently, real-world data on chlormethine gel are lacking.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to analyze the effect of chlormethine gel in combination with other therapies on efficacy, safety, and health-related quality of life in a real-world setting.

METHODS: This prospective, observational study enrolled adult patients actively using chlormethine gel. Patients were monitored for up to 2 years during standard-of-care clinic visits. No specific visit schedules or clinical assessments, with the exception of patient-completed questionnaires, were mandated because of the expected variability in practice patterns. The primary …

Physician Wellness Interventions And Distress Assessment During The Coronavirus Pandemic, Kimberly M. Robertello, Karen M. Dahl, Raed Khoury, David Christensen

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Physician burnout and interventions to decrease physician burnout on organizational and individual levels have been theorized and implemented. The Coronavirus pandemic has increased the need to continue physician burnout assessment and increase wellness programming. Few studies have had the opportunity to address physician wellness amidst the Coronavirus pandemic using the strategy of multi-dimensional interventions. The purpose of this study is to document interventions to reduce burnout and stress among physicians during the Coronavirus pandemic while assessing overall physician distress and well-being.

Methods: A cohort study of 304 pediatric physicians at a large healthcare organization in the United …

A Retrospective Look At The Predictions And Recommendations From The 2009 Amia Policy Meeting: Did We See Ehr-Related Clinician Burnout Coming?, Justin B Starren, William M Tierney, Marc S Williams, Paul Tang, Charlene Weir, Ross Koppel, Philip Payne, George Hripcsak, Don E Detmer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Clinicians often attribute much of their burnout experience to use of the electronic health record, the adoption of which was greatly accelerated by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009. That same year, AMIA's Policy Meeting focused on possible unintended consequences associated with rapid implementation of electronic health records, generating 17 potential consequences and 15 recommendations to address them. At the 2020 annual meeting of the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI), ACMI fellows participated in a modified Delphi process to assess the accuracy of the 2009 predictions and the response to the recommendations. Among …

Usability Of Electronic Health Record-Generated Discharge Summaries: Heuristic Evaluation., Patrice Dolhonde Tremoulet, Priyanka D Shah, Alisha A Acosta, Christian W Grant, Jon T Kurtz, Peter Mounas, Michael Kirchhoff, Elizabeth Wade

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

BACKGROUND: Obtaining accurate clinical information about recent acute care visits is extremely important for outpatient providers. However, documents used to communicate this information are often difficult to use. This puts patients at risk of adverse events. Elderly patients who are seen by more providers and have more care transitions are especially vulnerable.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) identify the information about elderly patients' recent acute care visits needed to coordinate their care, (2) use this information to assess discharge summaries, and (3) provide recommendations to help improve the quality of electronic health record (EHR)-generated discharge summaries, thereby increasing patient …

Real-World Outcomes Of Patients With Locally Advanced Or Metastatic Epithelioid Sarcoma, Mrinal M Gounder, Brian A Van Tine, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Limited data are available on the real-world effectiveness and safety of systemic therapies for advanced (surgically unresectable and/or metastatic) epithelioid sarcoma (ES).

METHODS: A retrospective medical records review was conducted in patients with advanced ES who were initiating first-line or ≥2 lines of systemic therapy (2000-2017) at 5 US cancer centers. The real-world overall response rate (rwORR), the duration of response (rwDOR), the disease control rate (rwDCR) (defined as stable disease for ≥32 weeks or any duration of response), and progression-free survival (rwPFS) were assessed by radiology reports. Overall survival (OS), rwDOR, and rwPFS were estimated from the time …

A Comparative Analysis Of Distribution And Allocation Of Covid-19 Vaccines Between Two Administrations, Leila Halawi, J. Mayanja, J. Chilipamushi, Y. Zhang, B Albury, Jude Edwards

Publications

The pandemic of COVID-19 is a life-threatening disease that entailed all governments but especially the U.S government, to quickly prevent methods of spreading the virus while strategically putting in place a plan for biological testing for a vaccine for immunity. The purpose was to determine how effective the formulation of a COVID-19 vaccine and the distribution would impact the mortality with efficacy rates. Besides, this research paper underlines the principles for ethical and equitable distribution for mass immunization. A comparative analysis between the Trump Administration and the Biden Administration will be presented regarding the funding stream, distribution of vaccinations, and …

Save The Rich, Connor Harris

English Department: Research for Change - Wicked Problems in Our World

The problem of medication pricing and lobbying in the healthcare industry has caused millions of people within the United States to not be able to afford medications essential to their lives. Pharmaceutical companies are taking advantage of the need people have for certain drugs by setting the sale price far higher than it costs to produce. My suggested solution is to make lobbying illegal in the United States so that pharmaceutical companies would not have control over government officials who pass laws to help or hurt the issue of medication pricing. Illegalizing government lobbying will take away the incentive politicians …

The Clinical Course Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 In A Us Hospital System: A Multistate Analysis, Aaloke Mody, Patrick G Lyons, Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Andrew Michelson, Sean Yu, Angella Sandra Namwase, Pratik Sinha, William G Powderly, Keith Woeltje, Elvin H Geng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

There are limited data on longitudinal outcomes for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations that account for transitions between clinical states over time. Using electronic health record data from a hospital network in the St. Louis, Missouri, region, we performed multistate analyses to examine longitudinal transitions and outcomes among hospitalized adults with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 with respect to 15 mutually exclusive clinical states. Between March 15 and July 25, 2020, a total of 1,577 patients in the network were hospitalized with COVID-19 (49.9% male; median age, 63 years (interquartile range, 50-75); 58.8% Black). Overall, 34.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 26.4, 41.8) had …

Cannabis Use And Self-Reported Difficulties Concentrating, Remembering, Or Making Decisions Among Adults 50 And Over, Sarah L. Beebe, Maritza Dowling, Ellen T. Kurtzman

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Social Mission In Accreditation, Shalini Raichur, Monika Misak

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Systematic Review: The Relationship Between Hurricanes And Emergency Department Use In The Elderly Population, Courtney Sullivan, Lance Price

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Anti-E-Cigarette Industry Sentiments And Associations Of Use Among Youth And Young Adults In The United States, Alison F. Cuccia, Minal Patel, Elexis Kierstead, W. Douglas Evans, Barbara A. Schillo

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Hiv Protease Drug Resistance Mutations In Five American Cities, 1999-2015, Gracelyn Hill

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Limitations And Consequences Of Migrant And Refugee Healthcare- An Analysis Of The Current State Of Migrant Health, Meghan Herilla

Senior Theses

Migrants and refugees are an often-neglected specialized population in the field of healthcare, although making up over 14% of the world’s population.

The following paper examines the current state of migrant healthcare, including but not limited to ease of access, quality of care, and the accompanying stigmatization of immigrants in general. It then analyzes current policies, both national and global, influencing the healthcare of immigrants in both the United States and abroad. Finally, a comparison of migrant healthcare in the United States versus Thailand shows how the current U.S. healthcare system can be improved to better accommodate migrants and refugees. …

Perspectives On Self-Managed Abortion Among Providers In Hospitals Along The Texas– Mexico Border, Sarah Raifman, Sarah E. Baum, Kari White, Kristine Hopkins, Tony Ogburn, Daniel Grossman

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Background

Following self-managed abortion (SMA), or a pregnancy termination attempt outside of the formal health system, some patients may seek care in an emergency department. Information about provider experiences treating these patients in hospital settings on the Texas-Mexico border is lacking.

Methods

The study team conducted semi-structured interviews with physicians, advanced practice clinicians, and nurses who had experience with patients presenting with early pregnancy complications in emergency and/or labor and delivery departments in five hospitals near the Texas-Mexico border. Interview questions focused on respondents’ roles at the hospital, knowledge of abortion services and laws, perspectives on SMA trends, experiences treating …

Prevalence And Characteristics Of Self-Reported Hypothyroidism And Its Association With Nonorgan-Specific Manifestations In Us Sarcoidosis Patients: A Nationwide Registry Study, Bashar N. Alzghoul, Farah N. Amer, Diana Barb, Ayoub Innabi, Mamoun T. Mardini, Chen Bai, Bara Alzghoul, Tamara Al-Hakim, Noopur Singh, Mindy Buchanan, Leslie Serchuck, Diana Gomez Manjarres, Whitney W. Woodmansee, Lisa A. Maier, Divya C. Patel

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Little is known about the prevalence, clinical characteristics and impact of hypothyroidism in patients with sarcoidosis. We aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical features of hypothyroidism and its relation to organ involvement and other clinical manifestations in patients with sarcoidosis.

We conducted a national registry-based study investigating 3835 respondents to the Sarcoidosis Advanced Registry for Cures Questionnaire between June 2014 and August 2019. This registry is based on a self-reported, web-based questionnaire that provides data related to demographics, diagnostics, sarcoidosis manifestations and treatment. We compared sarcoidosis patients with and without self-reported hypothyroidism. We used multivariable logistic regression and adjusted …

Opioids Are Not A Major Cause Of Death Of Patients With Sickle Cell Disease., Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) database, the total number of deaths due to opioid overdose from 1999 through 2018 was 840,629. Given the alarming nature of these statistics, patients who requested prescription for opioids became targets of suspicion and possible accusation of maladaptive behavior. Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) were often not exempt from such accusations and became guilty by association. In order to clarify the effect of opioids on the mortality of patients with SCD, the mortality rates for children and adults with SCD were investigated using the CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for …

Injury Rates In Major League Baseball During The 2020 Covid-19 Season, Brooks N. Platt, Timothy L. Uhl, Aaron D. Sciascia, Anthony J. Zacharias, Nicole G. Lemaster, Austin V. Stone

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: The 2020 Major League Baseball (MLB) season was drastically altered because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The changes included an extended layoff between March and July as well as a shortened preseason.

Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine the incidence and epidemiology of MLB injuries in the abbreviated 2020 season compared with prior seasons. We hypothesized that there was an increase in the overall injury rate in the 2020 season compared with the 2018-2019 seasons and that it equally affected all body regions.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods: The MLB transactions database was queried to find players who had been placed on …

Effects Of Combining Meditation Techniques On Short-Term Memory, Attention, And Affect In Healthy College Students., Samani Unnata Pragya, Neelam D Mehta, Bassam Abomoelak, Parvin Uddin, Pushya Veeramachaneni, Naina Mehta, Stephanie Moore, Melissa Jean-Francois, Stephanie Garcia, Samani Chaitanya Pragya, Devendra I Mehta

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Meditation refers to a family of self-regulation practices that focuses on training attention and awareness to foster psycho-emotional well-being and to develop specific capacities such as calmness, clarity, and concentration. We report a prospective convenience-controlled study in which we analyzed the effect of two components of Preksha Dhyāna – buzzing bee sound meditation (Mahapran dhvani) and color meditation (leśyā dhyāna) on healthy college students. Mahapran and leśya dhyāna are two Preksha Dhyāna practices that are based on sound and green color, respectively. The study population represents a suitable target as college students experience different stress factors during the school year. …

The National Covid Cohort Collaborative (N3c): Rationale, Design, Infrastructure, And Deployment., Melissa A Haendel, Christopher G Chute, Tellen D Bennett, David A Eichmann, Justin Guinney, Warren A Kibbe, Philip R O Payne, Emily R Pfaff, Peter N Robinson, Joel H Saltz, Heidi Spratt, Christine Suver, John Wilbanks, Adam B Wilcox, Andrew E Williams, Chunlei Wu, Clair Blacketer, Robert L Bradford, James J Cimino, Marshall Clark, Evan W Colmenares, Patricia A Francis, Davera Gabriel, Alexis Graves, Raju Hemadri, Stephanie S Hong, George Hripscak, Dazhi Jiao, Jeffrey G Klann, Kristin Kostka, Adam M Lee, Harold P Lehmann, Lora Lingrey, Robert T Miller, Michele Morris, Shawn N Murphy, Karthik Natarajan, Matvey B Palchuk, Usman Sheikh, Harold Solbrig, Shyam Visweswaran, Anita Walden, Kellie M Walters, Griffin M Weber, Xiaohan Tanner Zhang, Richard L Zhu, Benjamin Amor, Andrew T Girvin, Amin Manna, Nabeel Qureshi, Michael G Kurilla, Sam G Michael, Lili M Portilla, Joni L Rutter, Christopher P Austin, Ken R Gersing

Faculty Research 2021

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses societal challenges that require expeditious data and knowledge sharing. Though organizational clinical data are abundant, these are largely inaccessible to outside researchers. Statistical, machine learning, and causal analyses are most successful with large-scale data beyond what is available in any given organization. Here, we introduce the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), an open science community focused on analyzing patient-level data from many centers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Clinical and Translational Science Award Program and scientific community created N3C to overcome technical, regulatory, policy, and governance barriers to sharing and harmonizing individual-level clinical data. We …

Effect Of Aspirin On Cancer Incidence And Mortality In Older Adults, John J Mcneil, Yin Cao, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daily low-dose aspirin (100 mg) in older adults, showed an increase in all-cause mortality, primarily due to cancer. In contrast, prior randomized controlled trials, mainly involving younger individuals, demonstrated a delayed cancer benefit with aspirin. We now report a detailed analysis of cancer incidence and mortality.

METHODS: 19 114 Australian and US community-dwelling participants aged 70 years and older (US minorities 65 years and older) without cardiovascular disease, dementia, or physical disability were randomly assigned and followed for a median of 4.7 years. Fatal and nonfatal …

The National Covid Cohort Collaborative (N3c): Rationale, Design, Infrastructure, And Deployment, Melissa A Haendel, Philip R O Payne, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses societal challenges that require expeditious data and knowledge sharing. Though organizational clinical data are abundant, these are largely inaccessible to outside researchers. Statistical, machine learning, and causal analyses are most successful with large-scale data beyond what is available in any given organization. Here, we introduce the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), an open science community focused on analyzing patient-level data from many centers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Clinical and Translational Science Award Program and scientific community created N3C to overcome technical, regulatory, policy, and governance barriers to sharing and harmonizing individual-level clinical data. We …

Understanding African Americans' Beliefs, Knowledge, Attitudes And Behaviors Regarding High Blood Pressure And Their Use Of Home Remedies As Treatment, Elisa Douglas

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

ABSTRACT

Understanding African Americans’ Beliefs, Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding High Blood Pressure and Their Use of Home Remedies as Treatment

Elisa E. Douglas

Seton Hall University, 2021

Dissertation Chair: Dr. Deborah DeLuca, J.D., MS

Background and Purpose of the Study: African Americans have the highest prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) in the United States but the lowest blood pressure (BP) control rates of any major race/ ethnic group. Only about 45% of those who use drugs to treat the condition have been able to attain BP control. Over 40% of African Americans are affected by HBP. African Americans …

The Second Ninds/Nibib Consensus Meeting To Define Neuropathological Criteria For The Diagnosis Of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, Kevin F Bieniek, Nigel J Cairns, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with exposure to head trauma. In 2015, a panel of neuropathologists funded by the NINDS/NIBIB defined preliminary consensus neuropathological criteria for CTE, including the pathognomonic lesion of CTE as "an accumulation of abnormal hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) in neurons and astroglia distributed around small blood vessels at the depths of cortical sulci and in an irregular pattern," based on review of 25 tauopathy cases. In 2016, the consensus panel met again to review and refine the preliminary criteria, with consideration around the minimum threshold for diagnosis and the reproducibility of a proposed …

Risk Stratification Among Survivors Of Cardiac Arrest Considered For Coronary Angiography., Ahmed A Harhash, Teresa L May, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, Sachin Agarwal, David B Seder, Michael R Mooney, Nainesh C. Patel Md, John Mcpherson, Paul Mcmullan, Richard Riker, Eldar Soreide, Karen G Hirsch, Pascal Stammet, Alison Dupont, Sten Rubertsson, Hans Friberg, Niklas Nielsen, Tanveer Rab, Karl B Kern

Cardiology Division

BACKGROUND: The American College of Cardiology Interventional Council published consensus-based recommendations to help identify resuscitated cardiac arrest patients with unfavorable clinical features in whom invasive procedures are unlikely to improve survival.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to identify how many unfavorable features are required before prognosis is significantly worsened and which features are most impactful in predicting prognosis.

METHODS: Using the INTCAR (International Cardiac Arrest Registry), the impact of each proposed "unfavorable feature" on survival to hospital discharge was individually analyzed. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association of such unfavorable features with poor outcomes.

RESULTS: Seven unfavorable features (of …

Association Of Long-Term Trajectories Of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status With Weight Change In Older Adults, Dong Zhang, Cici Bauer, Tiffany Powell-Wiley, Qian Xiao

Journal Articles

IMPORTANCE: Studying long-term changes in neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) may help to better understand the associations between neighborhood exposure and weight outcomes and provide evidence supporting neighborhood interventions. Little previous research has been done to examine associations between neighborhood SES and weight loss, a risk factor associated with poor health outcomes in the older population.

OBJECTIVE: to determine whether improvements in neighborhood SES are associated with reduced likelihoods of excessive weight gain and excessive weight loss and whether declines are associated with increased likelihoods of these weight outcomes.

DESIGN, STUDY, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study was conducted using data from …

Disparities In Sars-Cov-2 Positivity Rates: Associations With Race And Ethnicity, Harvey W Kaufman, Justin K Niles, David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Numerous reports indicate that African Americans and Latinos are being affected disproportionately by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Positivity rates have not been analyzed on scale because only 4 states report race/ethnicity as part of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing. Previous studies also have had little ability to control for many known risk factors to better identify the effects of COVID-19 on racial and ethnic communities. Using test results from a large national reference laboratory database that included patients from all 50 states and the District of Columbia, this study compared positivity rates for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification …