Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Trends In Obesity And Multimorbidity In Canada., Michael Lebenbaum, Gregory S Zaric, Amardeep Thind, Sisira Sarma

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

Very few studies have examined trends in multimorbidity over time and even fewer have examined trends over time across different body mass index (BMI) groups. Given a general decline in death rates but increased cardiovascular risk factors among individuals with obesity, the trend in the association between obesity and multimorbidity is hypothesized to be increasing over time. The data for our study came from the 1996-97 National Population Health Survey and the 2005 and 2012-13 Canadian Community Health Surveys (N = 277,366 across all 3 surveys). We examined trends in the association between BMI groups and multimorbidity using a logistic …

Substance Use Patterns Among Women Living With Hiv Compared With The General Female Population Of Canada, Mostafa Shokoohi, Greta R Bauer, Angela Kaida, Ashley Lacombe-Duncan, Mina Kazemi, Brenda Gagnier, Alexandra De Pokomandy, Mona Loutfy

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

BACKGROUND: HIV infection and substance use synergistically impact health outcomes of people with HIV. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of substance use among women living with HIV (WLWH) and compared them with expected values from general data.

METHODS: Cigarette smoking, frequency of alcohol consumption, last-month non-prescribed cannabis use (vs. last-year use), and last 3 months regular (≥once/week) and occasional (

RESULTS: Compared to expected estimates from general population women, a higher proportion of WLWH reported daily cigarette smoking (SPD: 26.8% [95% CI: 23.9, 29.7]), smoking ≥20 cigarettes/day (SPD: 11.6% [9.8, 13.6]), regular non-prescribed cannabis use (SPD: 8.0% [4.1, …

Agroecology In Canada: Towards An Integration Of Agroecological Practice, Movement, And Science, Marney E. Isaac, S. Ryan Isakson, Bryan Dale, Charles Z. Levkoe, Sarah K. Hargreaves, V. Ernesto Méndez, Hannah Wittman, Colleen Hammelman, Jennifer C. Langill, Adam R. Martin, Erin Nelson, Michael Ekers, Kira A. Borden, Stephanie Gagliardi, Serra Buchanan, Sarah Archibald, Astrid Gálvez Ciani

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications

This article surveys the current state of agroecology in Canada, giving particular attention to agroecological practices, the related social movements, and the achievements of agroecological science. In each of these realms, we find that agroecology emerges as a response to the various social and ecological problems associated with the prevailing industrial model of agricultural production that has long been promoted in the country under settler colonialism. Although the prevalence and prominence of agroecology is growing in Canada, its presence is still small and the support for its development is limited. We provide recommendations to achieve a more meaningful integration of …

The Effects Of Child Restraint System Use And Motor Vehicle Collision Severity On Injury Patterns And Severity In Children 8 Years Old And Younger., Peyton A. Schroeder

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a leading cause of injury and death for children under the age of 14 years in North America. Children, eight years old or younger, are required to use a child restraint system (CRS) when travelling in a vehicle in Canada. In the present study, the hypothesis that head injury severity of children in this age group, seated in rear rows of vehicles in MVCs, will be influenced by the types of restraint systems used was not supported by the data; however, other secondary aspects of collision data were explored. There were injury patterns that involved …

Which Type Of Tobacco Product Warning Imagery Is More Effective And Sustainable Over Time?, Dien Anshari, Hua-Hei Yong, Ron Borland, Kamala Swayampakala, Jim Thrasher

Faculty Publications

Objective This study examined smokers’ responses to pictorial health warnings (PHWs) with different types of imagery under natural exposure conditions.

Methods Adult smokers from online panels in Canada (n=2357), Australia (n=1671) and Mexico (n=2537) were surveyed every 4 months from 2012 to 2013. Participants were shown PHWs on packs in their respective countries and asked about: (1) noticing PHWs; (2) negative affects towards PHWs; (3) believability of PHWs; (4) PHW-stimulated discussions; and (5) quit motivation due to PHWs. Country-specific generalised estimating equation models regressed these outcomes on time (ie, survey wave), PHW imagery type (ie, symbolic representations of risk, suffering …

Treatment-Related Mortality In Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis., Paul Gibson, Jason D Pole, Tanya Lazor, Donna Johnston, Carol Portwine, Mariana Silva, Sarah Alexander, Lillian Sung

Paediatrics Publications

Using a previously developed reliable and valid treatment-related mortality (TRM) definition, our objective was to describe the proportion of children newly diagnosed with cancer experiencing TRM and to identify risk factors for TRM in a population-based cohort. We included children with cancerincluded, 179 had TRM, 478 died of progressive disease, and 4522 were still alive. At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of TRM among the entire cohort was 3.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.3-4.5%). When compared to brain tumor patients, leukemia and lymphoma patients had a significantly higher risk of TRM (hazard ratio (HR) 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6-4.0; P < 0.0001). Infants were at significantly higher risk of TRM across diagnostic groups. Other factors associated with higher risks of TRM were metastatic disease (P < 0.0001), diagnosis prior to 1 January 2008 (P = 0.001), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (P < 0.0001), and relapse (P < 0.0001). The 5-year cumulative incidence of TRM was 3.9% among newly diagnosed children with cancer. Infants were at higher risk of TRM across diagnostic groups. Other risk factors for TRM were leukemia or lymphoma, metastatic disease, earlier diagnosis year, HSCT, and relapse. Future work should further refine prognostic factors by specific cancer diagnosis to best understand when and how to intervene to improve outcomes.

Treatment-Related Mortality In Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis, Paul Gibson, Jason D Pole, Tanya Lazor, Donna Johnston, Carol Portwine, Mariana Silva, Sarah Alexander, Lillian Sung

Paediatrics Publications

Using a previously developed reliable and valid treatment-related mortality (TRM) definition, our objective was to describe the proportion of children newly diagnosed with cancer experiencing TRM and to identify risk factors for TRM in a population-based cohort. We included children with cancerincluded, 179 had TRM, 478 died of progressive disease, and 4522 were still alive. At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of TRM among the entire cohort was 3.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.3-4.5%). When compared to brain tumor patients, leukemia and lymphoma patients had a significantly higher risk of TRM (hazard ratio (HR) 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6-4.0; P < 0.0001). Infants were at significantly higher risk of TRM across diagnostic groups. Other factors associated with higher risks of TRM were metastatic disease (P < 0.0001), diagnosis prior to 1 January 2008 (P = 0.001), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (P < 0.0001), and relapse (P < 0.0001). The 5-year cumulative incidence of TRM was 3.9% among newly diagnosed children with cancer. Infants were at higher risk of TRM across diagnostic groups. Other risk factors for TRM were leukemia or lymphoma, metastatic disease, earlier diagnosis year, HSCT, and relapse. Future work should further refine prognostic factors by specific cancer diagnosis to best understand when and how to intervene to improve outcomes.

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Peel, Caledon, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Halton, Halton Hills, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Building Connected Communities: Halton, Burlington – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Halton – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Halton, Halton Hills – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Peel, Mississauga – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Peel – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Halton, Burlington, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Peel, Brampton, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Halton, Milton, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Canada: Obesity, Marissa Olson

Global Public Health

Canada is a country with a relatively healthy population of approximately 37 million people. Canada has few major public health problems; however, Canada has experienced a rise of obesity in its population with a higher rise in the adult population than childhood. The male population is at a greater risk of becoming obese than the female population, and people 35 years old and over than below 35 years old. This brief discusses the effects of obesity, Canada’s interventions to obesity such as surgery, drugs, and healthier school lunches, and a possible new method of health counseling or more convenient healthier …

Building Connected Communities: Peel, Brampton – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Peel, Caledon – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Halton, Milton – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Halton, Oakville – 2016 Census Older Immigrants, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Data Sheets

This data sheet provides a picture of the available relevant characteristics of the community at the time of the census (2016). We have included data both from those individuals over the age of 65 at the time of the census, as well as those who are in the age cohort just below (50 – 64), so those engaged in planning for future community needs can anticipate where growth or reduction in needs may be.

These numbers may be used to provide an overall picture of the municipality or region as a whole, and may be used to help guide municipality/region-wide …

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Halton, Oakville, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Building Connected Communities: Interactive Pdf Map, Peel, Mississauga, Sheridan Centre For Elder Research

Interactive Maps

This Interactive PDF Map includes the mainstream, ethno-specific, multicultural, faith organizations and community hubs in the community. The contact information, websites and directions for each organization can be easily accessed from the map. The map is intended to support staff in making referrals to clients or in making program design decisions.

This resource is included in the Social Isolation and Loneliness Toolkit, created by the Centre for Elder Research in Oakville ON, Canada. The Toolkit is part of a research project titled “Building Connected Communities: improving Community Supports to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Immigrants 65+”. The research focused …

Interrelationships Of Functional Status And Health Conditions In Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Descriptive Study., Doreen Bartlett, Emily Dyszuk, Barbara Galuppi, Jan Willem Gorter

Physical Therapy Publications

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship among the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), and the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to determine the average number and effect of health conditions.

METHODS: Participants were 671 children with CP aged 2 to 12 years from Canada and the United States. Cross-tabulation of functional classifications and averages were computed for the number and impact of health conditions and comparisons among groups.

RESULTS: A total of 78 of the 125 possible classification combinations were recorded. Most frequent were GMFCS I, MACS …