Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Genomics And Csf Analyses Implicate Thyroid Hormone In Hippocampal Sclerosis Of Aging, Peter T. Nelson, Yuriko Katsumata, Kwangsik Nho, Sergey C. Artiushin, Gregory A. Jicha, Wang-Xia Wang, Erin L. Abner, Andrew J. Saykin, Walter A. Kukull, Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (Adni), David W. Fardo

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

We report evidence of a novel pathogenetic mechanism in which thyroid hormone dysregulation contributes to dementia in elderly persons. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 12p12 were the initial foci of our study: rs704180 and rs73069071. These SNPs were identified by separate research groups as risk alleles for non-Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration. We found that the rs73069071 risk genotype was associated with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) pathology among people with the rs704180 risk genotype (National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center/Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Consortium data; n = 2113, including 241 autopsy-confirmed HS cases). Furthermore, both rs704180 and rs73069071 risk genotypes were associated with widespread brain …

Effects Of Anchor Structure And Glycosylation Of Fcî³ Receptor Iii On Ligand Binding Affinity, Ning Jiang, Wei Chen, Prithiviraj Jothikumar, Jaina M. Patel, Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy, Periasamy Selvaraj, Cheng Zhu

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Isoforms of the Fcγ receptor III (FcγRIII or CD16) are cell surface receptors for the Fc portion of IgG and important regulators of humoral immune responses. Different ligand binding kinetics of FcγRIII isoforms are obtained in three dimensions by surface plasmon resonance and in two dimensions by a micropipette adhesion frequency assay. We show that the anchor structure of CD16 isoforms isolated from the cell membrane affects their binding affinities in a ligand-specific manner. Changing the receptor anchor structure from full to partial to none decreases the ligand binding affinity for human IgG1 (hIgG1) but increases it for murine IgG2a …

Human Anatomy & Physiology Society ( Haps ) Southern Regional Meeting 2016, Cheryl Purvis

Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches and Lectures

No abstract provided.

An Approach Using Psa Levels Of 1.5 Ng/Ml As The Cutoff For Prostate Cancer Screening In Primary Care., E. David Crawford, Matt T. Rosenberg, Alan W. Partin, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Michael Maccini, Stacy Loeb, Curtis A. Pettaway, Neal D. Shore, Paul Arangua, John Hoenemeyer, Mike Leveridge, Michael Leapman, Peter Pinto, Ian M. Thompson, Peter Carroll, James Eastham, Leonard G. Gomella, Eric A. Klein

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Geographic And Age-Based Variations In Medicare Reimbursement Among Assh Members., Michael P. Gaspar, Patrick M. Kane, Grace B. Honik, Eon K. Shin, Sidney M. Jacoby, A. Lee Osterman

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate how American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) members' Medicare reimbursement depends on their geographical location and number of years in practice. Methods: Demographic data for surgeons who were active members of the ASSH in 2012 were obtained using information publicly available through the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). "Hand-surgeons-per-capita" and average reimbursement per surgeon were calculated for each state. Regression analysis was performed to determine a relationship between (1) each state's average reimbursement versus the number of ASSH members in that state, (2) average reimbursement versus …

The Core Of Care Management: The Role Of Authentic Relationships In Caring For Patients With Frequent Hospitalizations., Charlotte Grinberg, Margaret Hawthorne, Marianna Lanoue, Jeffrey Brenner, Dawn B Mautner

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

In the movement to improve the health of patients with multiple chronic conditions and vulnerabilities, while reducing the need for hospitalizations, care management programs have garnered wide attention and support. The qualitative data presented in this paper sheds new light on key components of successful chronic care management programs. By going beyond a task- and temporal-based framework, this analysis identifies and defines the importance of "authentic healing relationships" in driving individual and systemic change. Drawing on the voices of 30 former clients of the Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers, the investigators use qualitative methods to identify and elaborate the core …

Comparison Of A Powdered, Acidified Liquid, And Non-Acidified Liquid Human Milk Fortifier On Clinical Outcomes In Premature Infants., Melissa Thoene, Elizabeth Lyden, Kara Weishaar, Elizabeth Elliott, Ruomei Wu, Katelyn White, Hayley Timm, Ann Anderson-Berry

Journal Articles: Medical Nutrition

We previously compared infant outcomes between a powdered human milk fortifier (P-HMF) vs. acidified liquid HMF (AL-HMF). A non-acidified liquid HMF (NAL-HMF) is now commercially available. The purpose of this study is to compare growth and outcomes of premature infants receiving P-HMF, AL-HMF or NAL-HMF. An Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved retrospective chart review compared infant outcomes (born < 2000 g) who received one of three HMF. Growth, enteral nutrition, laboratory and demographic data were compared. 120 infants were included (P-HMF = 46, AL-HMF = 23, NAL-HMF = 51). AL-HMF infants grew slower in g/day (median 23.66 vs. P-HMF 31.27, NAL-HMF 31.74 (p < 0.05)) and in g/kg/day, median 10.59 vs. 15.37, 14.03 (p < 0.0001). AL-HMF vs. NAL-HMF infants were smaller at 36 weeks gestational age (median 2046 vs. 2404 g, p < 0.05). However AL-HMF infants received more daily calories (p = 0.21) and protein (p < 0.0001), mean 129 cal/kg, 4.2 g protein/kg vs. P-HMF 117 cal/kg, 3.7 g protein/kg , NAL-HMF 120 cal/kg, 4.0 g protein/kg. AL-HMF infants exhibited lower carbon dioxide levels after day of life 14 and 30 (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0038). Three AL-HMF infants (13%) developed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) vs. no infants in the remaining groups (p = 0.0056). A NAL-HMF is the most optimal choice for premature human milk-fed infants in a high acuity neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Secretion Of Rhoptry And Dense Granule Effector Proteins By Nonreplicating Toxoplasma Gondii Uracil Auxotrophs Controls The Development Of Antitumor Immunity, Barbara A. Fox, Kiah L. Sanders, Leah M. Rommereim, Rebekah B. Guevara, David J. Bzik

Dartmouth Scholarship

Nonreplicating type I uracil auxotrophic mutants of Toxoplasma gondii possess a potent ability to activate therapeutic immunity to established solid tumors by reversing immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Here we engineered targeted deletions of parasite secreted effector proteins using a genetically tractable Δku80 vaccine strain to show that the secretion of specific rhoptry (ROP) and dense granule (GRA) proteins by uracil auxotrophic mutants of T. gondii in conjunction with host cell invasion activates antitumor immunity through host responses involving CD8α⁺ dendritic cells, the IL-12/interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) T_H1 axis, as well as CD4⁺ and CD8 …

Acute Post-Disaster Medical Needs Of Patients With Diabetes: Emergency Department Use In New York City By Diabetic Adults After Hurricane Sandy., David C. Lee, Vibha K. Gupta, Brendan G. Carr, Sidrah Malik, Brandy Ferguson, Stephen P. Wall, Silas W. Smith, Lewis R. Goldfrank

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acute impact of disasters on diabetic patients, we performed a geospatial analysis of emergency department (ED) use by New York City diabetic adults in the week after Hurricane Sandy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Using an all-payer claims database, we retrospectively analyzed the demographics, insurance status, and medical comorbidities of post-disaster ED patients with diabetes who lived in the most geographically vulnerable areas. We compared the patterns of ED use among diabetic adults in the first week after Hurricane Sandy's landfall to utilization before the disaster in 2012.

RESULTS: In the highest level evacuation zone in New …

Consistency Of Hemoglobin A1c Testing And Cardiovascular Outcomes In Medicare Patients With Diabetes, Philip P. Goodney, Karina A. Newhall, Kimon Bekelis, Daniel Gottlieb, Richard Comi, Sushela Chaudrain, Adrienne E. Faerber, Todd A. Mackenzie, Jonathan S. Skinner

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background:

Annual hemoglobin A1c testing is recommended for patients with diabetes mellitus. However, it is unknown how consistently patients with diabetes mellitus receive hemoglobin A1c testing over time, or whether testing consistency is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods and Results:

We identified 1 574 415 Medicare patients (2002–2012) with diabetes mellitus over the age of 65. We followed each patient for a minimum of 3 years to determine their consistency in hemoglobin A1C testing, using 3 categories: low (testing in 0 or 1 of 3 years), medium (testing in 2 of 3 years), and high (testing in all 3 …

A Protocol For Collecting Human Cardiac Tissue For Research, Cheavar A. Blair, Premi Haynes, Stuart G. Campbell, Charles Chung, Mihail I. Mitov, Donna Dennis, Mark R. Bonnell, Charles W. Hoopes, Maya Guglin, Kenneth S. Campbell

The VAD Journal

This manuscript describes a protocol at the University of Kentucky that allows a translational research team to collect human myocardium that can be used for biological research. We have gained a great deal of practical experience since we started this protocol in 2008, and we hope that other groups might be able to learn from our endeavors. To date, we have procured ~4000 samples from ~230 patients. The tissue that we collect comes from organ donors and from patients who are receiving a heart transplant or a ventricular assist device because they have heart failure. We begin our manuscript by …

Inside Exploration, Reagan E. Long

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

Suture Cruroplasty Versus Prosthetic Hiatal Herniorrhaphy For Large Hiatal Hernia: A Meta-Analys Is And Syste Matic Review Of Randomiz Ed Controlled Trials, Muhammed Ashraf Memon, Breda Memon, Rossita Mohamad Yunus, Shahjahan Khan

Muhammed Ashraf Memon

Objective:

The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing 2 methods of hiatal closure for large hiatal hernia and to evaluate their strengths and flaws.

Methods:

Prospective RCTs comparing suture cruroplasty versus prosthetic hiatal herniorrhaphy for large hiatal hernia were selected by searching PubMed, Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index, Current Contents, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials published between January 1991 and October 2014. The outcome variables analyzed included operating time, complications, recurrence of hiatal hernia or wrap migration, and reoperation. These outcomes were unanimously decided to be important because they influence the …

Functional And Radioligand Binding Characterization Of The A1l-Adrenoceptor Subtype Of The Human Vas Deferens, B Davis, M Wiener, Christopher R. Chapple, Donna Sellers, R. Chess-Williams

Russ Chess-Williams

Summary: Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists can cause ejaculatory dysfunction as an adverse effect. Contractions of the human vas deferens are mediated via α1A-adrenoceptors, and this study investigated whether the low affinity state of this receptor (α1L-adrenoceptor) is involved in mediating contractions of this tissue. The potency of agonists and the affinity of receptor subtype selective antagonists were determined in functional experiments and in [3H]tamsulosin binding experiments to identify the α1-adrenoceptor subtype population present in the human vas deferens. The α1A-adrenoceptor selective agonist A61603 was a full agonist and was 250-fold more potent than noradrenaline. Prazosin antagonized contractile responses to phenylephrine with a …

Are Dietary Intakes Related To Obesity In Children?, Dimitrios Papandreou, Kali Makedou, Areti Zormpa, Maria Karampola, Anastasia Ioannou, Areti Hitoglou-Makedou

All Works

AIM: The purpose of this study was to report obesity status and identify any dietary substances that may be related to obesity in healthy school children from Northern Greece. METHODS: Four hundred and twenty-five (n = 425) children were randomly selected to participate in the study. A 24-h recall of three days (two weekdays and one weekend day) was used to analyze the dietary data of the subjects. RESULTS: Out of 425 subjects, 146 (34.3%) of them were found to be overweight and obese. Energy, protein, carbohydrate and thiamin intake was statistically positively correlated with obesity while dietary iron intake …

Herpes Simplex Virus And Interferon Signaling Induce Novel Autophagic Clusters In Sensory Neurons, Sarah Katzenell, David A. Leib

Dartmouth Scholarship

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong infection in the neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG), cycling between productive infection and latency. Neuronal antiviral responses are driven by type I interferon (IFN) and are crucial to controlling HSV-1 virulence. Autophagy also plays a role in this neuronal antiviral response, but the mechanism remains obscure. In this study, HSV-1 infection of murine TG neurons triggered unusual clusters of autophagosomes, predominantly in neurons lacking detectable HSV-1 antigen. Treatment of neurons with IFN-β induced a similar response, and cluster formation by infection or IFN treatment was dependent upon an intact IFN-signaling pathway. The autophagic …

Intact Cohesion, Anaphase, And Chromosome Segregation In Human Cells Harboring Tumor-Derived Mutations In Stag2, Jung-Sik Kim, Xiaoyuan He, Bernardo Orr, Gordana Wutz, Victoria Hill, Jan-Michael Peters, Duane A. Compton, Todd Waldman

Dartmouth Scholarship

Somatic mutations of the cohesin complex subunit STAG2 are present in diverse tumor types. We and others have shown that STAG2 inactivation can lead to loss of sister chromatid cohesion and alterations in chromosome copy number in experimental systems. However, studies of naturally occurring human tumors have demonstrated little, if any, correlation between STAG2 mutational status and aneuploidy, and have further shown that STAG2-deficient tumors are often euploid. In an effort to provide insight into these discrepancies, here we analyze the effect of tumor-derived STAG2 mutations on the protein composition of cohesin and the expected mitotic phenotypes of STAG2 …

Functional Mechanisms Underlying Pleiotropic Risk Alleles At The 19p13.1 Breast–Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility Locus, Kate Lawrenson, Siddhartha Kar, Karen Mccue, Karoline Kuchenbaeker, Kyriaki Michailidou, Jonathan Tyrer, Jonathan Beesley, Susan J. Ramus, Qiyuan Li, Melissa K. Delgado, Janet M. Lee, Kristiina Aittomäki, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Volker Arndt, Banu K. Arun, Brita Arver, Elisa V. Bandera, Monica Barile, Rosa B. Barkardottir, Daniel Barrowdale, Matthias W. Beckmann, Javier Benitez, Andrew Berchuck, Maria Bisogna, Line Bjorge, Carl Blomqvist, William Blot, Natalie Bogdanova, Anders Bojesen, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Bernardo Bonanni, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Hiltrud Brauch, Paul Brennan, Hermann Brenner, Fionna Bruinsma, Joan Brunet, Shaik Ahmad Buhari, Barbara Burwinkel, Ralf Butzow, Sandra S. Buys, Qiuyin Cai, Trinidad Caldes, Ian Campbell, Rikki Canniotto, Jenny Chang-Claude, Jocelyne Chiquette, Ji-Yeob Choi, Kathleen B.M Claes, Gemo Study Collaborators, Linda S. Cook, Angela Cox, Daniel W. Cramer, Simon S. Cross, Cezary Cybulski, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Francesca Damiola, Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Hatef Darabi, Joe Dennis, Peter Devilee, Orland Diaz, Jennifer A. Doherty

Dartmouth Scholarship

A locus at 19p13 is associated with breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) risk. Here we analyse 438 SNPs in this region in 46,451 BC and 15,438 OC cases, 15,252 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 73,444 controls and identify 13 candidate causal SNPs associated with serous OC (P = 9.2 X 10^-20), ER-negative BC (P = 1.1 X 10^-13), BRCA1 -associated BC (P = 7.7 X 10^-16) and triple negative BC (P-diff = 2 X 10^-5). Genotype-gene expression associations are identified for candidate target genes ANKLE1 (P = 2 X 10^{-3 …}

Patterns Of Human Herpesvirus-8 Oral Shedding Among Diverse Cohorts Of Human Herpesvirus-8 Seropositive Persons, Rachel A. Bender Ignacio, Jason D. Goldman, Amalia S. Magaret, Stacy Selke, Meei-Li Huang, Soren Gantt, Christine Johnston, Warren Phipps, Joshua Schiffer, Richard Zuckerman

Dartmouth Scholarship

Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), the etiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), establishes lifelong latent infection with periodic lytic replication (“shedding”) at mucosal sites, especially the oropharynx. Patterns of HHV-8 shedding are not well understood, and require elucidation to better predict risk of HHV-8 related malignancies in those infected. We sought to characterize patterns of HHV-8 oropharyngeal shedding among diverse cohorts that enrolled HHV-8 seropositive persons.

Key Structural Determinants In The Agonist Binding Loops Of Human Β2 And Β4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits Contribute To Α3Β4 Subtype Selectivity Of Α-Conotoxins, Hartmut Cuny, Shiva N. Kompella, Han Shen Tae, Rilei Yu, David J. Adams

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute

α-Conotoxins represent a large group of pharmacologically active peptides that antagonize nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The α3β4 nAChR, a predominant subtype in the peripheral nervous system, has been implicated in various pathophysiological conditions. As many α-conotoxins have multiple pharmacological targets, compounds specifically targeting individual nAChR subtypes are needed. In this study, we performed mutational analyses to evaluate the key structural components of human β2 and β4 nAChR subunits that determine α-conotoxin selectivity for α3β4 nAChR. α-Conotoxin RegIIA was used to evaluate the impact of non-conserved human β2 and β4 residues on peptide affinity. Two mutations, α3β2[T59K] and α3β2[S113R], strongly enhanced …

Perspective: The Path To Confirming And Exploiting Potential Satiety-Enhancing Effects Of Sorghum-Based Foods For Human Diets, Anita Stefoska-Needham, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute

Consumer trends, particularly in populations burdened with high rates of obesity and overweight, indicate a growing demand for food products with specific satiety-enhancing effects to assist with appetite regulation and longer-term weight management. Sorghum whole grain, containing dietary fibre, slowly digestible starches and polyphenolic compounds, has been identified as a potential ingredient in the formulation of novel food products targeted for appetite control. Rigorous human clinical trials are necessary to build evidence for these purported effects, including studies that examine the underlying satiety-enhancing mechanisms. This paper provides perspectives on the path to confirming and exploiting potential satiety attributes of sorghum-based …

Master Athletes Are Extending The Limits Of Human Endurance, Romuald Lepers, Paul J. Stapley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Theincreasedparticipationofmasterathletes(i.e.,>40yearsold)inenduranceandultra-enduranceevents(>6hduration)overthepastfewdecadeshasbeenaccompaniedbyanimprovementintheirperformancesatamuchfasterratethantheiryoungercounterparts.Agingdoeshoweverresultinadecreaseinoverallenduranceperformance.Suchage-relateddeclinesinperformancedependuponthemodesoflocomotion,eventduration,andgenderoftheparticipant.Forexample,smallerage-relateddeclinesincyclingperformancethaninrunningandswimminghavebeendocumented.Therelativestabilityofgenderdifferencesobservedacrosstheagessuggeststhattheage-relateddeclinesinphysiologicalfunctiondidnotdifferbetweenmalesandfemales.Amongthemainphysiologicaldeterminantsofenduranceperformance,themaximaloxygenconsumption(VO2max)appearstobetheparameterthatismostalteredbyage.ExerciseeconomyandtheexerciseintensityatwhichahighfractionofVO2maxcanbesustained(i.e.,lactatethreshold),seemtodeclinetoalesserextentwithadvancingage.Theabilitytomaintainahighexercise-trainingstimuluswithadvancingageisemergingasthesinglemostimportantmeansoflimitingtherateofdeclineinenduranceperformance.Byconstantlyextendingthelimitsof(ultra)-endurance,masterathletesthereforerepresentanimportantinsightintotheabilityofhumanstomaintainphysicalperformanceandphysiologicalfunctionwithadvancingage.

A Systematic Review On The Use Of Psychosocial Interventions In Conjunction With Medications For The Treatment Of Opioid Addiction, K Dugosh, A. Abraham, B. Seymour, K. Mcloyd, M. Chalk, David Festinger

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Opioid use and overdose rates have risen to epidemic levels in the United States during the past decade. Fortunately, there are effective medications (ie, methadone, buprenorphine, and oral and injectable naltrexone) available for the treatment of opioid addiction. Each of these medications is approved for use in conjunction with psychosocial treatment; however, there is a dearth of empirical research on the optimal psychosocial interventions to use with these medications. In this systematic review, we outline and discuss the findings of 3 prominent prior reviews and 27 recent publications of empirical studies on this topic. The most widely studied psychosocial interventions …

Limited Trabecular Bone Density Heterogeneity In The Human Skeleton, Habiba Chirchir Phd

Biological Sciences Faculty Research

There is evidence for variation in trabecular bone density and volume within an individual skeleton, albeit in a few anatomical sites, which is partly dependent on mechanical loading. However, little is known regarding the basic variation in trabecular bone density throughout the skeleton in healthy human adults. This is because research on bone density has been confined to a few skeletal elements, which can be readily measured using available imaging technology particularly in clinical settings. This study comprehensively investigates the distribution of trabecular bone density within the human skeleton in nine skeletal sites (femur, proximal and distal tibia, third metatarsal, …

Identification Of A Novel Gene On 10q22.1 Causing Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa (Adrp)., Stephen P Daiger, Lori S Sullivan, Sara J Bowne, Daniel C Koboldt, Susan H Blanton, Dianna K Wheaton, Cheryl E Avery, Elizabeth D Cadena, Robert K Koenekoop, Robert S Fulton, Richard K Wilson, George M Weinstock, Richard A Lewis, David G Birch

Faculty Publications

Whole-genome linkage mapping identified a region on chromosome 10q21.3-q22.1 with a maximum LOD score of 3.0 at 0 % recombination in a six-generation family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). All known adRP genes and X-linked RP genes were excluded in the family by a combination of methods. Whole-exome next-generation sequencing revealed a missense mutation in hexokinase 1, HK1 c.2539G > A, p.Glu847Lys, tracking with disease in all affected family members. One severely-affected male is homozygous for this region by linkage analysis and has two copies of the mutation. No other potential mutations were detected in the linkage region nor were …

Maternal Surgery Or Anesthesia Use During Pregnancy And The Risk Of Adverse Birth Outcomes In The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2009, Youjung Byun

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: 50,000 to 75,000 pregnant women are estimated to undergo surgery during pregnancy. This number comprises of 1.5 to 2 percent of the total confirmed pregnancies. Considering most pregnancies are unintended (49%), the number of women undergoing surgery unaware of the pregnancy is expected to be higher than the historical estimate. This study objective is to identify the characteristics of mothers who undergo surgery and assess the association between surgery or anesthesia exposure and the risk of adverse birth outcomes.

An Approach To Measuring And Encouraging Research Translation And Research Impact, Andrew M. Searles, Chrisotpher M. Doran, John R. Attia, Darryl A. Knight, John H. E. Wiggers, Simon Deeming, Joërg Mattes, Brad Webb, Steve Hannan, Rod Ling, Kim Edmunds, Penny Reeves, Michael Nilsson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Research translation, particularly in the biomedical area, is often discussed but there are few methods that are routinely used to measure it or its impact. Of the impact measurement methods that are used, most aim to provide accountability - to measure and explain what was generated as a consequence of funding research. This case study reports on the development of a novel, conceptual framework that goes beyond measurement. The Framework To Assess the Impact from Translational health research, or FAIT, is a platform designed to prospectively measure and encourage research translation and research impact. A key assumption underpinning FAIT …

Faster Movement Speed Results In Greater Tendon Strain During The Loaded Squat Exercise, Jacob E. Earp, Robert U. Newton, Prue Cormie, Anthony J. Blazevich

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction:

Tendon dynamics influence movement performance and provide the stimulus for long-term tendon adaptation. As tendon strain increases with load magnitude and decreases with loading rate, changes in movement speed during exercise should influence tendon strain.

Methods:

Ten resistance-trained men [squat one repetition maximum (1RM) to body mass ratio: 1.65 ± 0.12] performed parallel-depth back squat lifts with 60% of 1RM load at three different speeds: slow fixed-tempo (TS: 2-s eccentric, 1-s pause, 2-s concentric), volitional-speed without a pause (VS) and maximum-speed jump (JS). In each condition joint kinetics, quadriceps tendon length (L_T), patellar tendon force (F_{T …}

Stick Or Switch: A Selection Heuristic Predicts When People Take The Perspective Of Others Or Communicate Egocentrically, Shane Rogers, Nicholas Fay

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper examines a cognitive mechanism that drives perspective-taking and egocentrism in interpersonal communication. Using a conceptual referential communication task, in which participants describe a range of abstract geometric shapes, Experiment 1 shows that perspective-taking and egocentric communication are frequent communication strategies. Experiment 2 tests a selection heuristic account of perspective-taking and egocentric communication. It uses participants' shape description ratings to predict their communication strategy. Participants' communication strategy was predicted by how informative they perceived the different shape descriptions to be. When participants' personal shape description was perceived to be more informative than their addressee's shape description, there was a …

Genetic Variation In The Histamine Production, Response, And Degradation Pathway Is Associated With Histamine Pharmacodynamic Response In Children With Asthma., Bridgette Jones, Catherine M T Sherwin, Xiaoxi Liu, Hongying Dai, Carrie A. Vyhlidal

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction: There is growing knowledge of the wide ranging effects of histamine throughout the body therefore it is important to better understand the effects of this amine in patients with asthma. We aimed to explore the association between histamine pharmacodynamic (PD) response and genetic variation in the histamine pathway in children with asthma. Methods: Histamine Iontophoresis with Laser Doppler Monitoring (HILD) was performed in children with asthma and estimates for area under the effect curve (AUEC), maximal response over baseline (Emax), and time of Emax (Tmax) were calculated using non-compartmental analysis and non-linear mixed-effects model with a linked effect PK/PD …