Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Caregiving: Concept Analysis And Outcomes, Elizabeth Swanson, Deborah Schoenfelder, Janet Specht, M. Johnson, Meridean Maas, D. Saylor

Deborah P. Schoenfelder

More than ever before, caregiving has become a salient public policy issue. A number of recent and anticipated demographic, economic and social changes have occurred that make it imperative for researchers to critically examine the impact of caregiving on family caregivers' health, behavior, emotions, and social status. Researchers at the University of Iowa College of Nursing are working to classify standardized nursing-sensitive patient outcomes for use in language development, practice, research, and education to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions and clinical nursing services. This article focuses on family caregiving and the analysis of caregiver role performance in both direct …

Literacy-Appropriate Educational Materials And Brief Counseling Improve Diabetes Self-Management, Andrea Wallace, H. Seligman, T. Davis, D. Schillinger, C. Arnold, B. Bryant-Shilliday, J. Freburger, D. Dewalt

Andrea S. Wallace

OBJECTIVE: In this pilot study, we evaluated the impact of providing patients with a literacy-appropriate diabetes education guide accompanied by brief counseling designed for use in primary care. METHODS: We provided the Living with Diabetes guide and brief behavior change counseling to 250 English and Spanish speaking patients with type 2 diabetes. Counseling sessions using collaborative goal setting occurred at baseline and by telephone at 2 and 4 weeks. We measured patients' activation, self-efficacy, diabetes distress, knowledge, and self-care at baseline and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Statistically significant (p

Developing Strategic Interventions To Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Law Enforcement Officers: The Art And Science Of Data Triangulation, Sandra Ramey, Nancy Downing, A. Knoblauch

Nancy R Downing

The purpose of this study was to use data triangulation to inform interventions targeted at reducing morbidity from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated risk factors among law enforcement officers. Using the Precede-Proceed Health Promotion Planning Model, survey data (n = 672) and focus group data (n = 8 groups) from the Milwaukee Police Department were analyzed. Narrative transcripts disclosed that law enforcement officers encounter potential barriers and motivators to a healthy lifestyle. Survey results indicated rates of overweight (71.1% vs. 60.8%) and hypertension (27.4% vs. 17.6%) were significantly (p < or = .001) higher among Milwaukee Police Department law enforcement officers than the general population of Wisconsin (n = 2,855). The best predictor of CVD was diabetes (p = .030). Occupational health nurses are uniquely positioned to identify health risks, design appropriate interventions, and advocate for policy changes that improve the health of those employed in law enforcement and other high-risk professions.

The Influence Of Cognitive-Perceptual Variables On Patterns Of Change Over Time In Rural Midlife And Older Women's Healthy Eating., Bernice C, Yates, Carol H. Pullen, Jonathan Bruce Santo, Linda Boeckner, Patricia A. Hageman, Paul J. Dizona, Susan Noble Walker

Journal Articles: College of Nursing

Although studies demonstrate that dietary interventions for healthy adults can result in beneficial dietary changes, few studies examine when and how people change in response to these interventions, particularly in rural populations. The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of change over time in healthy eating behaviors in midlife and older women in response to a one-year health-promoting intervention, and to examine what predictors (perceived benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, and family support for healthy eating) influence the changes during the intervention and follow-up. Data for this secondary analysis were from the Wellness for Women community-based trial. Women (N = …

Social Determinants Of Health In Canada: Are Healthy Living Initiatives There Yet? A Policy Analysis, Dana Gore, Anita Kothari

Anita Kothari

Introduction: Preventative strategies that focus on addressing the social determinants of health to improve healthy eating and physical activity have become an important strategy in British Columbia and Ontario for combating chronic diseases. What has not yet been examined is the extent to which healthy living initiatives implemented under these new policy frameworks successfully engage with and change the social determinants of health. Methods: Initiatives active between January 1, 2006 and September 1, 2011 were found using provincial policy documents, web searches, health organization and government websites, and databases of initiatives that attempted to influence to nutrition and physical activity …

Effectiveness Of The Project P.A.T.H.S. In Hong Kong: Evaluation Based On Different Strategies And Different Studies Over Time, Daniel T. L. Shek, Hing Keung Ma, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract.

Participants' Evaluation Of The Project P.A.T.H.S.: Are Findings Based On Different Datasets Consistent?, Daniel T. L. Shek, Rachel C. F. Sun

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Subjective outcome evaluation findings based on the perspective of the participants of the Project P.A.T.H.S. (Positive Adolescent Training through Holistic Social Programmes) in nine datasets collected from 2005 to 2009 (n = 206, 313 program participants) were examined in this paper. Based on the consolidated data with schools as units, results showed that the participants generally had positive perceptions of the program, implementers, and benefits of the program. More than four-fifths of the participants regarded the program as beneficial to their holistic development. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the perceived qualities of the program and the program implementers predicted perceived …

Acceptability Of Narratives To Promote Colorectal Cancer Screening In An Online Community, Kevin O Hwang, Amber W Trickey, Amanda L Graham, Eric J Thomas, Richard L Street, Jennifer L Kraschnewski, Sally W Vernon

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: To assess the acceptability of narratives to promote colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among members of an online weight loss community.

METHOD: Members of online weight loss community completed an Internet survey in 2010. Multiple logistic regression models examined demographic and attitudinal correlates of interest in sharing and receiving CRC screening narratives.

RESULTS: Participants (n=2386) were 92% female with mean (SD) age 58 (6) years; 68% were up-to-date with CRC screening. Among those who were up-to-date, 39% were interested in sharing their narratives with other members. African-Americans were more likely than other racial groups to be interested in sharing narratives …

Program Implementers' Evaluation Of The Project P.A.T.H.S.: Findings Based On Different Datasets Over Time, Daniel T. L. Shek, Cecilia M. S. Ma

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This paper integrates the evaluation findings based on program implementers in nine datasets collected from 2005 to 2009 (244 schools and 7,926 implementers). Using consolidated data with schools as the unit of analysis, results showed that program implementers generally had positive perceptions of the program, themselves, and benefits of the program, with more than four-fifths of the implementers regarding the program as beneficial to the program participants. The subjective outcome evaluation instrument was found to be internally consistent. Multiple regression analyses revealed that perceived qualities of the program and program implementers predicted perceived effectiveness of the program. In conjunction with …

Positive Youth Development Constructs: Conceptual Review And Application, Daniel T. L. Shek, Rachel C. F. Sun, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Obesogenic Neighborhoods: The Impact Of Neighborhood Restaurants And Convenience Stores On Adolescents’ Food Consumption Behaviors, Meizi He, Patricia Tucker, Jennifer Irwin, Jason Gilliland, Kristian Larsen, Paul Hess

Trish Tucker

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Impact Of The Project Paths On Adolescent Risk Behavior: What Happened After Five Years?, Daniel T. L. Shek, Lu Yu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The present study investigated the longitudinal impact of the Project PATHS, a large-scale curriculum-based positive youth development program in Hong Kong, on the development of adolescents' risk behavior over a period of five years. Using a longitudinal randomized controlled design, eight waves of data were collected from 19 experimental schools in which students participated in the Project PATHS (N = 2,850 at Wave 8) and 24 control schools without joining the Project PATHS (N = 3,640 at Wave 8). At each wave, students responded to measures assessing their current risk behaviors, including delinquency, use of different types of drug, and …

Enacting Accountability: Networked Governance, Canadian Ngos And The Fctc, Raphael Lencucha, Anita Kothari, Ronald Labonte

Anita Kothari

Accountability is a pressing challenge within the present system of international lawmaking. Scholars continue to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to encourage the accountability of governments during this process. The negotiation of the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) provides an important context to examine accountability as it is and was inherently influenced by corporate interests and government economics, and involved extensive NGO participation. We conducted in depth interviews and document analysis to examine the role of Canadian NGO representatives in the negotiation of the FCTC. We highlight two sets of findings about Canadian …

Developing An Occupational Therapy Community/Client Wellness Program, Lindsey Sauer, Lindsey Wolsky

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Health promotion is gaining more recognition with the increase of chronic diseases worldwide and the growing elderly population in the United States. The World Health Organization (2011) places a particular emphasis on health promotion as well as preventative care. The role of occupational therapy fits directly with this emphasis. The American Occupational Therapy Association (2008) identified occupational therapy's roles to include promotion of healthy lifestyle, use of occupation as a means to improve health and provide services to both individuals and populations.

Problem: Although health promotion and prevention is well within the realm of occupational therapy, Flannery and Barry (2003) …

A Lifetime Of Work: A Guide To Health Promotion And Wellness On The Farm, Andrea Hensrud, Gregory Holubok

Occupational Therapy Capstones

The purpose of this project is to develop a guide to health promotion, wellness and adapting to life changes on the farm from an occupational therapy perspective to enhance quality of life for aging farmers and rural community dwellers. The authors completed a focused literature review on topics related to health promotion, wellness, adapting to life changes, making changes and aging in place. Data was collected through an extensive study of relevant information through professional journals, clinical text books, class discussion and related state and national associations. Upon completion of the review of literature, it was determined that older adults …

Linking Childhood Obesity To The Built Environment: A Multi-Level Analysis Of Home And School Neighbourhood Factors Associated With Body Mass Index, Jason Gilliland, C Rangel, Martin Healy, Patricia Tucker, Janet Loebach, Paul Hess, Meizi He, Jen Irwin, Piotr Will

Trish Tucker

No abstract provided.