Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Il-9 As A Mediator Of Th17-Driven Inflammatory Disease, Elizabeth C. Nowak, Casey T. Weaver, Henrietta Turner, Sakhina Begum-Haque, Burkhard Becher, Bettina Schreiner, Anthony J. Coyle, Lloyd H. Kasper, Randolph J. Noelle

Dartmouth Scholarship

We report that like other T cells cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta, Th17 cells also produce interleukin (IL) 9. Th17 cells generated in vitro with IL-6 and TGF-beta as well as purified ex vivo Th17 cells both produced IL-9. To determine if IL-9 has functional consequences in Th17-mediated inflammatory disease, we evaluated the role of IL-9 in the development and progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. The data show that IL-9 neutralization and IL-9 receptor deficiency attenuates disease, and this correlates with decreases in Th17 cells and IL-6-producing macrophages in …

Classification And Clinical Features Of Headache Disorders In Pakistan: A Retrospective Review Of Clinical Data, Muhammed Murtaza, Mehreen Kisat, Haroon Daniel, Aziz Sonawalla

Department of Medicine

Background: Morbidity associated with primary headache disorders is a major public health problem with an overall prevalence of 46%. Tension-type headache and migraine are the two most prevalent causes. However, headache has not been sufficiently studied as a cause of morbidity in the developing world. Literature on prevalence and classification of these disorders in South Asia is scarce. The aim of this study is to describe the classification and clinical features of headache patients who seek medical advice in Pakistan.

Methods and Results: Medical records of 255 consecutive patients who presented to a headache clinic at a tertiary care hospital …

The Self Reported Aggravating Activities Of Chronic Non Specific Low Back Pain Patients Do Not Demonstrate A Consistent Directional Pattern: An Observational Study, Benedict M. Wand, Rebecca Hunter, Neil E. O'Connell, Louise Marston, James Mcauley

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Question: Do the self-reported aggravating activities of chronic non-specific low back pain patients demonstrate a consistent directional pattern?

Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Participants: 240 chronic non specific low back pain patients.

Outcome measure: We invited experienced clinicians to classify each of the three self-nominated aggravating activities from the Patient Specific Functional Scale by the direction of lumbar spine movement. Patients were described as demonstrating a directional pattern if all nominated activities moved the spine into the same direction. Analyses were undertaken to determine if the proportion of patients demonstrating a directional pattern was greater than would be expected by chance. …

A New Classification For Ileosigmoid Knotting, S. Selçuk Atamanalp, Gürkan Öztürk, Bülent Aydinli, M. İlhan Yildirgan, Mahmut Başoğlu, Durkaya Ören, Abdul Meci̇t Kantarci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: This study aimed to establish a new classification that will contribute to the treatment and prognosis of ileosigmoid knotting (ISK), which is a combination of ileum volvulus and sigmoid volvulus (SV). Materials and methods: Based on the SV classification in which criteria associated with mortality, such as age over 60 years and the presence of accompanying disease and/or shock, were used, and a new classification was made for ISK. For this classification, the records of 71 patients with ISK, who were treated surgically, were reviewed retrospectively, and unlike in SV classification, rather than the presence of sigmoid gangrene alone, …

Taxonomy Development And Knowledge Representation Of Nurses' Personal Cognitive Artifacts., Sharon Mclane, James P Turley

Journal Articles

Nurses prepare knowledge representations, or summaries of patient clinical data, each shift. These knowledge representations serve multiple purposes, including support of working memory, workload organization and prioritization, critical thinking, and reflection. This summary is integral to internal knowledge representations, working memory, and decision-making. Study of this nurse knowledge representation resulted in development of a taxonomy of knowledge representations necessary to nursing practice.This paper describes the methods used to elicit the knowledge representations and structures necessary for the work of clinical nurses, described the development of a taxonomy of this knowledge representation, and discusses translation of this methodology to the cognitive …