Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Insights Into Transcription Enhancer Factor 1 (Tef-1) Activity From The Solution Structure Of The Tea Domain, Asokan Anbanandam, Diana C Albarado, Catherine T Nguyen, Georg Halder, Xiaolian Gao, Sudha Veeraraghavan

Journal Articles

Transcription enhancer factor 1 is essential for cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle development and uses its N-terminal TEA domain (TEAD) to bind M-CAT elements. Here, we present the first structure of TEAD and show that it is a three-helix bundle with a homeodomain fold. Structural data reveal how TEAD binds DNA. Using structure-function correlations, we find that the L1 loop is essential for cooperative loading of TEAD molecules on to tandemly duplicated M-CAT sites. Furthermore, using a microarray chip-based assay, we establish that known binding sites of the full-length protein are only a subset of DNA elements recognized by TEAD. …

Comparative Analysis Of Vertebrate Eif2ak2 (Pkr) Genes And Assignment Of The Equine Gene To Eca15q24-Q25 And The Bovine Gene To Bta11q12-Q15, Andrey A. Perelygin, Teri L. Lear, Andrey A. Zharkikh, Margo A Brinton

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

The structures of the canine, rabbit, bovine and equine EIF2AK2 genes were determined. Each of these genes has a 5' non-coding exon as well as 15 coding exons. All of the canine, bovine and equine EIF2AK2 introns have consensus donor and acceptor splice sites. In the equine EIF2AK2 gene, a unique single nucleotide polymorphism that encoded a Tyr329Cys substitution was detected. Regulatory elements predicted in the promoter region were conserved in ungulates, primates, rodents, Afrotheria (elephant) and Insectifora (shrew). Western clawed frog and fugu EIF2AK2 gene sequences were detected in the USCS Genome Browser and compared to those of other …

Catm Regulation Of The Benabcde Operon: Functional Divergence Of Two Lysr-Type Paralogs In Acinetobacter Baylyi Adp1., Obidimma Ezezika, Lauren S Collier-Hyams, Haley A Dale, Andrew C Burk, Ellen L Neidle

Health Studies Publications

Two LysR-type transcriptional regulators, BenM and CatM, control benzoate consumption by the soil bacterium Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. These homologs play overlapping roles in the expression of multiple genes. This study focuses on the benABCDE operon, which initiates benzoate catabolism. At this locus, BenM and CatM each activate transcription in response to the catabolite cis,cis-muconate. BenM, but not CatM, additionally responds to benzoate as an effector. Regulation by CatM alone is insufficient for growth on benzoate as the sole carbon source. However, three point mutations independently increased CatM-activated benA transcription and enabled growth on benzoate without BenM. Two mutations generate variants …

Translational Regulation Of Nuclear Gene Cox4 Expression By Mitochondrial Content Of Phosphatidylglycerol And Cardiolipin In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Xuefeng Su, William Dowhan

Journal Articles

Previous results indicated that translation of four mitochondrion-encoded genes and one nucleus-encoded gene (COX4) is repressed in mutants (pgs1Delta) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin. COX4 translation was studied here using a mitochondrially targeted green fluorescence protein (mtGFP) fused to the COX4 promoter and its 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Lack of mtGFP expression independent of carbon source and strain background was established to be at the translational level. The translational defect was not due to deficiency of mitochondrial respiratory function but was rather caused directly by the lack of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in mitochondrial membranes. Reintroduction of …

Competition Between The Dna Unwinding And Strand Pairing Activities Of The Werner And Bloom Syndrome Proteins, Amrita Machwe, Enerlyn M. Lozada, Liren Xiao, David K. Orren

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The premature aging and cancer-prone Werner and Bloom syndromes are caused by defects in the RecQ helicase enzymes WRN and BLM, respectively. Recently, both WRN and BLM (as well as several other RecQ members) have been shown to possess a strand annealing activity in addition to the requisite DNA unwinding activity. Since an annealing function would appear to directly oppose the action of a helicase, we have examined in this study the dynamic equilibrium between unwinding and annealing mediated by either WRN or BLM.

RESULTS: Our investigation into the competition between annealing and unwinding demonstrates that, under standard reaction …

Characterization Of Hard2, A Processed Hard1 Gene Duplicate, Encoding A Human Protein N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase., Thomas Arnesen, Matthew J Betts, Frédéric Pendino, David A Liberles, Dave Anderson, Jaime Caro, Xianguo Kong, Jan E Varhaug, Johan R Lillehaug

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Protein acetylation is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism regulating a variety of cellular functions. Several human protein acetyltransferases have been characterized, most of them catalyzing epsilon-acetylation of histones and transcription factors. We recently described the human protein acetyltransferase hARD1 (human Arrest Defective 1). hARD1 interacts with NATH (N-Acetyl Transferase Human) forming a complex expressing protein N-terminal alpha-acetylation activity. RESULTS: We here describe a human protein, hARD2, with 81 % sequence identity to hARD1. The gene encoding hARD2 most likely originates from a eutherian mammal specific retrotransposition event. hARD2 mRNA and protein are expressed in several human cell lines. …