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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
School Transitions And Adjustment During Early Adolescence, Lisa J. Crockett, Anne C. Petersen, Julie A. Graber, John E. Schulenberg, Aaron Ebata
School Transitions And Adjustment During Early Adolescence, Lisa J. Crockett, Anne C. Petersen, Julie A. Graber, John E. Schulenberg, Aaron Ebata
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The aim of this investigation was to determine the impact of the timing and number of school transitions on young adolescents’ subsequent adjustment. Three groups of adolescents (total N = 253) were compared: those making a single early school transition prior to sixth grade, those making a single later transition prior to seventh grade, and those making a double transition prior to both sixth and seventh grades. Adjustment was assessed in terms of course grades and self-image. Negative effects were found for both early and repeated school transitions, with the double transition being especially debilitating. In addition, effects were seen …
Arousal And Physiological Toughness: Implications For Mental And Physical Health, Richard A. Dienstbier
Arousal And Physiological Toughness: Implications For Mental And Physical Health, Richard A. Dienstbier
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
From W. B. Cannon’s identification of adrenaline with “fight or flight” to modern views of stress, negative views of peripheral physiological arousal predominate. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) arousal is associated with anxiety, neuroticism, the Type A personality, cardiovascular disease, and immune system suppression; illness susceptibility is associated with life events requiring adjustments. “Stress control” has become almost synonymous with arousal reduction. A contrary positive view of peripheral arousal follows from studies of subjects exposed to intermittent stressors. Such exposure leads to low SNS arousal base rates, but to strong and responsive challenge- or stress-induced SNS-adrenal-medullary arousal, with resistance to brain …
Creativity And Perception, John H. Flowers, Calvin P. Garbin
Creativity And Perception, John H. Flowers, Calvin P. Garbin
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Informal thought about the nature of mental operations important to creative human behavior suggests that perceptual processes are of considerable importance. The ability to “see relationships among elements” is an attribution commonly made toward authors of major scientific discoveries or of noteworthy artistic achievements. For example, Shepard (1978, 1981) documented self-reports from several creative scientists and authors that strongly emphasize the role of visual imagery and the manipulation of visual codes in the creative process.
Given the anecdotal and self-report evidence for a relationship between creative behavior and aspects of perceptual processing, it initially may seem surprising that there is …
Pig Vocalizations Under Selected Husbandry Practices, H. Xin, J. A. Deshazer, Daniel W. Leger
Pig Vocalizations Under Selected Husbandry Practices, H. Xin, J. A. Deshazer, Daniel W. Leger
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Acoustical characteristics of vocalizations of sows, piglets, and nursery pigs under selected husbandry practices were analyzed with a digital signal processing system. The duration (D) and major energy-resonance frequency (P) for each call were determined as follows: a) processing of piglets (D = 0.81 s and f* = 3 700 Hz); b) food anticipation of breeding-gestation sows (2.50 s and 3 000 Hz); c) isolation of piglet (0.34 s and 500, 3 500 Hz); d) startling of nursery pigs (0.29 s and 900 Hz); e) sows in heat (3.07 s and 1 375 Hz); f) farrowing (0.10 s and 3 …