Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Type 2 Diabetes And A Plant Based Diet, Adrian Brown

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

I was diagnosed as a Type II diabetic a few years ago when I was living in South Korea working as an English teacher. I, like many of the diabetics that I now take care of, said many of the same excuses that they tell me:

Patient: I heard that I might be pre-diabetic.

Nurse: You are on metformin and your morning glucose is in the 180s.

Patient: I’m not diabetic.

Nurse: You have peripheral neuropathy.

Patient: I watch what I eat. I’m ok.

Nurse: You have hypertension high cholesterol and don’t exercise.

I've said all over those things. But …

Ischemic Stroke, Brett Winner

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Cerebrovascular accident, or stroke, as it is referred to is a serious neurological event that affects almost 800,000 people in the United States annually, of which approximately 87% is ischemic in nature. Ischemic stroke is mostly caused by atherosclerotic plaques that develop due to endothelial injury in vessels that supply blood flow to the brain. An ischemic stroke can be the result of thrombi breaking off from vessels in the brain, emboli from outside the brain, or small vessel stenosis, all of which occlude a vessel within brain and cause tissue ischemia. When perfusion to portions of the brain is …

Hypertension, Bethany Stemen

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Hypertension is called the “silent killer” and can cause organ damage. This poster focuses on signs and symptoms of hypertension, along with the pathophysiology of hypertension. It also gives insight on how to manage and treat high blood pressure and ways to prevent hypertension. Knowledge is power and knowing the impact and ways to treat and prevent a problem is essential.

Osteoporosis Implications For The Aging Adult, Grace Alford

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster describes the pathophysiology, symptoms, implications for care, and treatment of osteoporosis for advanced practice RNs. The research was conducted within health-related databases. The literature review narrowed the search to only include the pathophysiology, interventions, and care for osteoporosis. Literature was restricted to within the past five years. The research showed that osteoporosis reduces mineral density in bones and can be adequately treated within a short amount of time. It is important for nurses and advanced practice providers to be aware of current guidelines, screenings, and treatments for osteoporosis.

Current Management Of Acute Hyperglycemia: Diabetic Ketoacidosis And Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome, Cary Bedinghaus

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The purpose of this poster is to review and promulgate current best practices in management of the two forms of hyperglycemic crises: diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS). Reviews of literature showed large agreement on efficacious protocols in acute hyperglycemic treatment, while also noting wide prevalence of the disorder. Given the high human and financial cost of hyperglycemia, the dissemination of high quality, evidence-based interventions, to the widest possible audience participating in patient care, is imperative. This poster outlines signs and symptoms, basic pathophysiology, and implications for the treatment team with emphasis placed on areas of settled best …

Delirium, Angela Lee

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Delirium is a severe neurocognitive syndrome characterized by acute changes in consciousness and cognition (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Wilson et al., 2020). The syndrome is found to be prevalent within the adult intensive care population resulting from various triggers and stressors in the critical care setting (Wilson et al., 2020). On average, the prevalence of delirium is 23%, but the incidence significantly increases to 50-70% in mechanically ventilated patients (Wilson et al., 2020). As a result of the extension of cognitive deficits, if left untreated, delirium may lead to long-term impairments in cognitive disfunction (Wilson et al., 2020). Current studies …

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Amanda Kleinfelder

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition caused by damage in the lungs leading to persistent hypoxemia. The alveoli in the lungs become filled with fluid from damage to the pulmonary capillaries due to inflammatory mediators. The buildup of fluid in the lungs ultimately result in intubation of the patient and mechanical ventilation (Senapathi et al., 2020). ARDS has become more prevalent today with the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic affecting 200 countries resulting is 1.1 million deaths so far (Weiss et al., 2021). Multiple therapies exist for the management of ARDS including prone positioning, deep sedation, and mechanical ventilation …

Heart Failure, Meredith Louden

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Abstract

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the heart’s inability to maintain the blood flow needed by the body’s organs for perfusion. HF affects millions of adults worldwide annually and holds detrimental characteristics with its high hospitalization and mortality rates. As a result, healthcare systems spend exponentially more resources and money to take care of HF patients. An interactive poster is presented on HF to educate patients with HF, healthcare providers, and other related parties.

Methods: Research articles that focused on HF, including the following topics: pathophysiology, clinical signs and symptoms, treatment, complications, impact on healthcare, and etiology, were evaluated and …

Sars-Cov-2 (Covid-19), Matthew Baker

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) emerged in the fall of 2019 and impacted millions of people worldwide deeming it a global pandemic. The virus primarily impacts the respiratory system, but has shown to affect other organ systems such as the kidneys, heart, and brain. Respiratory failure leading to Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) associated with COVID-19 requires ventilatory support and possibly prone therapy to increase lung volumes and prevention of atelectasis. There are several treatment modalities for mild and severe cases of COVID-19 that range from antivirals to vaccine development. COVID-19 is a complex virus that can vary from mild to severe cases …

Asthma Pathophysiology, Tyler Wolpert

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster will examine the pathophysiology of Asthma, explore signs and symptoms of the disease, and review different treatment modalities. The Doctorate of Nursing (DNP) prepared nurse should be able to identify signs and symptoms of the disease and be prepared to manage the disease from a medical standpoint, as well as with behavior modification. The economic burden of asthma on healthcare yearly is over $82 billion. It is pertinent that continued research is done in the field of asthma to reduce the economic impacts of the disease, as well as to help improve patient outcomes on people living with …

Cardiogenic Shock, Kourtney Crum

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Cardiogenic shock is a leading cause of mortality in critical care units globally, despite advances in research and medical management. This shock state is caused by an initial insult directly to the heart, including myocardial infarction, ventricular failure, or valve dysfunction. The purpose of this poster is to provide an overview of pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, clinical classifications, and management options for cardiogenic shock.

Effect Of Microbiome Alterations On The Progression & Treatment Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Rachelle Virgin

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the presence of hepatic steatosis that is not caused by alcohol consumption, viruses, or medications (Sivell, 2019). Fatty liver can become more inflamed and lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and possibly progress to cirrhosis and liver failure (Sheka et al., 2020). As rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes rise, healthcare providers can expect to see this disease more prevalently in practice. It can be difficult to provide timely healthcare because there are usually no signs or symptoms present with NAFLD (Mayo Clinic, 2020). This poster discusses the importance of recognizing comorbidities and risk …

Parkinson's Disease And Anesthesia, Anthony Brusadin

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders in the world and is rapidly growing. With the global population living longer there will be more people that develop Parkinson’s like the average person’s life expectancy increases. With no cure and only treatment and management of the symptoms, it is important for research to continue to find better treatment options and potentially a cure. In the world of anesthesia patients with Parkinson’s are more difficult to manage with sedation medication because of the lower dopamine levels the patient has. It is important to stay updated on how to prepare …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Aaron Mcneilan

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The following poster presentation provides a brief overview of the disease process of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide, and its incidence does not appear to be declining. The most common factor causing COPD is cigarette smoking, which is modifiable. Other contributors are environmental air pollutants which some people may encounter depending on where they live or their occupation. This presentation is a culmination of information from different scholarly sources which discuss the symptoms, pathophysiology, causes, management, and prevention of COPD.

Alcohol Use Disorder (Aud) In The Elderly Population, Anthony Oguogho

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

There is a substantial and growing population of elderly adults (65years and older) who misuse alcohol, and psychoactive prescription drugs. Evidence suggests that alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse which is now collectively known as alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common among 65years and older due to socioeconomic circumstances of aging. These socioeconomic circumstances include empty nest syndrome (when children grow up and move away), loss of friendships due to moves, health complications or death, deteriorating health conditions, traumatic events like a spouse’s illness or death, sadness after downsizing a home, and boredom from retirement or lack of socialization. ETOH is …

Malignant Hyperthermia, Emmanuel Mensah

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Malignant Hyperthermia is a rare but fatal disorder usually triggered using succinylcholine, a depolarizing muscle blocker, or other volatile anesthetics (Yang et al., 2020). MH is characterized by signs and symptoms including Hyperthermia, acidosis, tachycardia, hypercarbia, acidosis, etc. (Yang et al., 2020). When the signs and symptoms of MH are recognized, the provider should stop what he or she is doing and call for immediate help. When additional assistance arrives, the patient must receive Dantrolene. Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant that prevents the sarcoplasmic reticulum from releasing calcium. Additional interventions include cooling the patient using ice packs, treating electrolyte abnormalities, …

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Pathophysiology And Chronic Health Implications, Makilah Witt

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. If untreated, women suffer a myriad of secondary sequala and chronic diseases. The prevalence of PCOS is rising and greatly impacts patients' physical, mental, and emotional health, diminishes community health, and increases healthcare costs. However, many providers fail to properly diagnose patients, understand how this disease impacts women, or provide appropriate interventions to prevent chronic health problems. This paper outlines the pathophysiology of PCOS, identifies signs and symptoms, and provides recommendations for treatment and holistic patient care for the role of the Advance Practice Nurse.

Perioperative Management Of The Patient With Diabetes Mellitus, Alexa High

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most prevalent co-morbidities seen in hospitals today. As such, it is extremely important for healthcare providers to be well informed in order to care for their patients properly. This poster will adequately inform healthcare providers on key signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment for diabetes mellitus. This poster will also include significant information on how to care for the patient with diabetes mellitus during the perioperative period.

Type I And Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus: Pathophysiology And Nursing Anesthesia Considerations, Megan Przybysz

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Diabetes Mellitus is prevalent across the globe, affecting more than 400 million people worldwide (Ogurtsova, 2017). Due to the high incidence of those affected, all healthcare providers will be responsible for the care of a diabetic patient, making it imperative that providers have a working knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes. This poster discusses the pathophysiology of type I and type II diabetes mellitus, as well as diabetes signs and symptoms and diagnostic criteria. There is also an examination of comorbidities associated with diabetes and how the pathophysiology of diabetes assists in the development of conditions such as autonomic neuropathy, …

Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) Awareness, Kelly Dzialowski

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The overall purpose of this poster is to describe the fungal infection, Coccidioidomycosis, and bring awareness to this infection. The poster describes the history of the infection, pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical presentation. Diagnosis, treatment, and complications of coccidioidomycosis are also addressed. The poster discusses the implications for nursing practice, information about the search for a vaccine, and comparisons of coccidioidomycosis and Covid-19. Finally, the conclusion discusses the key points within the poster and the importance of prompt and accurate diagnosis.

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Aimee Baker

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster evaluates the current understanding of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TTC) and describes current treatment recommendations, long-term prognosis, and advanced practice nursing implications. TTC is a relatively rare disease and is present in about 2% of suspected ST-segment myocardial infarctions in women. (Sattar et al., 2017) TTC is not well understood and has several current hypotheses regarding cellular pathology. This poster explores the current understanding of pathophysiologicderangements from an organ system and two pathologic hypotheses at the cellular level. Current treatment recommendations include subclasses of treatments stratified by types of complications. Also, this poster introduces a new subclass of heart failure …

Neuroinflammation & Mood Disorders, Andrea Zanders

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The world of mental health treatment is evolving as more information is discovered about its multifaceted pathophysiology. This poster takes a glimpse at one of these factors: the role of neuroinflammation in mood disorders. Above normal levels of inflammation are found in patient’s suffering from depression and bipolar disorder. Elevated inflammation has significant negative effects on the brain that as a result cause dysregulation in mood. Mental health treatments that have been found to effectively address neuroinflammation include nutritional and exercise interventions. The progression of neuroinflammation research in mood disorders gives a positive outlook for patient outcomes as individuals continue …

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (Dic), Kahl Knapke

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare medical emergency that can have profound and potentially life-threatening conditions. DIC has a hypercoagulability phase that simultaneously leads to a hypocoagulability phase due to depletion of clotting factors. DIC is secondary complication stemming from an underlying condition. Trauma, malignancy, severe infection, reaction to a transfusion, obstetric complications, etc. are a few conditions that are commonly linked to DIC. The primary method of treatment is early identification and resolving the underlying medical condition. The management of DIC requires nursing and medical staff with keen knowledge and understanding of precursor signs of DIC and the …

Poster: Sars-Cov-2 Neuroinvasion, Heather M. Tatusko

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Over the last century, science and literature has reported neurological manifestations during various disease outbreaks as well as long-term sequelae following epidemics and pandemics. Some of the first neurological symptoms reported with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19; caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-Cov-2]) were anosmia and dysgeusia, suggesting SARS-CoV-2 penetrance of the central nervous system (CNS). To date, the definite clinical and pathological basis of CNS involvement of SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly understood, with the neurovirulence of SARS-CoV-2 and its neuroinvasive potential remaining largely unknown. The author’s poster will explore neurological manifestations of COVID-19 disease, the direct and indirect …

Cardiogenic Shock Pathophysiology, Bradley Closson

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Information detailing cardiogenic shock was developed into poster form. The definition and significance of cardiogenic shock were discussed. Pathophysiology and the importance of pathophysiological concepts of cardiogenic shock included. Treatment interventions and the implications for nursing care presented.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Eric Boyer

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory response that is accompanied by poor diffusion of oxygen across the alveolar-capillary membrane. Unfortunately, ARDS has a high mortality rate close to 43% when suffering from serve ARDS. ARDS cases in the United States range from 64.2 to 78.9 cases per 100,000 people. Early symptoms of ARDS are subtle and are common in many diseases processes. Such symptoms are tachycardia, tachypnea, and dyspnea. Late symptoms are right-sided heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, hypercarbia, and cyanosis. Common triggers of ARDS are sepsis, pulmonary insults such as pneumonia, pancreatitis, trauma, drug overdoses, and blood transfusions. …

Malignant Hyperthermia, Joel Jackson

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a hypermetabolic response to succinylcholine or inhaled volatile gases administered during anesthesia and is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation of RYR1 or CACNA1S genes which affect how calcium channels function. The uncontrolled, unopposed calcium release and excitation-contraction coupling results in sustained skeletal muscle contraction resulting in muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, hypercapnia, hypertension, and tachycardia among other less common clinical features. The sequelae of an MH crisis include renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, metabolic disturbance and left untreated will result in mortality. All clinicians involved in peri-operative care both in-hospital and out of hospital must be cognizant of …

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Kathryn Bland

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease is a very common disease, affecting at least 10% of people worldwide. Symptoms of the disease range from chest pain and chronic cough to acid reflux and laryngitis. It is a multifactorial disease. It can be caused by problems with the valve at the esophagogastric junction or improper pressure gradients between the stomach and esophagus. It can also be exacerbated by obesity, delayed gastric emptying and a hiatal sliding hernia. Nurses caring for these patients need to teach about prevention and treatment for the disease. Without treatment the disease can progress to Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. …

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Kahl Knapke

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare medical emergency that can have profound and potentially life-threatening conditions. DIC has a hypercoagulability phase that simultaneously leads to a hypocoagulability phase due to depletion of clotting factors. DIC is a secondary complication stemming from an underlying condition. Trauma, malignancy, severe infection, reaction to a transfusion, obstetric complications, etc. are a few conditions that are commonly linked to DIC. The primary method of treatment is early identification and resolving the underlying medical condition. The management of DIC requires nursing and medical staff with keen knowledge and understanding of precursor signs of DIC and …

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Calvin Sparks

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The poster following is a graphical representation displaying carbon monoxide poisoning and the affects on normal physiology. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning interrupts normal cellular processes and contributes to reduced utilization of oxygen. Carbon monoxide poisoning is responsible for up to 50 thousand hospital admissions annually. A colorless, odorless gas that any human being is potentially at risk for. A thorough review utilizing EBSCO was performed using Boolean Terms carbon monoxide poisoning and treatment. Articles were selected based on clinical relevancy with a published date within the past 5 years of 2021.