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2013

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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Table Of Contents, Michele Harmon Dec 2013

Table Of Contents, Michele Harmon

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Dose Dependent Effects Of Caffeine On Cognitive Performance And Neuronal Activation, Stephan Albrecht, Helen Morris, Michelle Vieyra Dec 2013

Dose Dependent Effects Of Caffeine On Cognitive Performance And Neuronal Activation, Stephan Albrecht, Helen Morris, Michelle Vieyra

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

Many students assume that the more caffeine you drink, the better your cognitive performance. Over-consumption of caffeine has many negative effects, so if there are no dose related cognitive benefits to large amounts of caffeine, then college students should limit their intake. This study looked at whether ingesting a medium dose (200 mg) versus a lower dose (100 mg) of caffeine improved short term memory as measured by Flanker and n-back tests, compared to a control group. In addition, we looked at whether larger doses of caffeine produced a difference in neuronal activation during these tests as measured by functional …

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Fourier Analysis Of Phase Resetting Curves Of Neural Oscillators, Robert A. Raidt, Sorinel A. Oprisan Dec 2013

Fourier Analysis Of Phase Resetting Curves Of Neural Oscillators, Robert A. Raidt, Sorinel A. Oprisan

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

We investigated the impact of changes in biologically relevant control parameters, such as the shape of an external perturbation or the conductance values of an individual model neuron, on the shape of the phase resetting curve (PRC) of that neuron. For that purpose, PRCs were generated for groups of Morris-Lecar (ML) model neurons with different conductance values but similar firing periods (within 0.005ms) using external rectangular, triangular, or trapezoidal perturbations of varying areas. These PRCs were numerically described and analyzed as a series of coefficient values using a Fourier Discrete Sine Transform (DST). We found that changes in the shape …

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A Review Of “An Ethical Market In Human Organs,” By Charles A. Erin And John Harris, And A Proposed Solution To The Current Organ Shortage, Rachel Rattenni Fcrh '14 Dec 2013

A Review Of “An Ethical Market In Human Organs,” By Charles A. Erin And John Harris, And A Proposed Solution To The Current Organ Shortage, Rachel Rattenni Fcrh '14

The Fordham Undergraduate Research Journal

In 2005, an Israeli man named Nick Rosen answered an ad in his local Tel Aviv newspaper searching for someone interested in selling a kidney. Through funding from the broker who placed the ad, Rosen was flown to New York and set up with a dialysis patient from Brooklyn. After Rosen and the dialysis patient passed a simple procedure for the screening of illegal organ sales by saying the two were old friends, the successful transplant surgery was performed at the esteemed Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. The Brooklyn resident walked away never again needing to go on …

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Multiple Sclerosis, Physical Therapy, And Quality Of Life Insights, Claire Simon Oct 2013

Multiple Sclerosis, Physical Therapy, And Quality Of Life Insights, Claire Simon

Sound Neuroscience: An Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive and irreversible neurological disease. Current medications and therapies only help alleviate symptoms, but physical therapy (PT) can be a promising treatment option for MS patients to increase quality of life. Observations of on-site PT sessions at the University of Puget Sound and interviews with MS patients provide further evidence for the unique benefits of PT for treating disease and improving quality of life.

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The Temporal Relationship Between Daily Stress And Delayed Modulation Of Chronic Headache Pain, Chelsea Clark Oct 2013

The Temporal Relationship Between Daily Stress And Delayed Modulation Of Chronic Headache Pain, Chelsea Clark

Sound Neuroscience: An Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal

Headache pain affects a large portion of the population and significantly reduces quality of life. Stress has been implicated as a cause in many headache disorders, and this study investigates how stressful events affect subjects with chronic headache pain. Ten days after a stressful event, there was a significant change in perceived headache pain, though pain increased for some and decreased for others. Stress-related release of the hormone thyroxine may be a mediator for chronic pain states.

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Full Issue, Volume 1, Number 2, Journal Of Human Science And Extension Oct 2013

Full Issue, Volume 1, Number 2, Journal Of Human Science And Extension

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

No abstract provided.

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Mycological Study For A Management Plan Of A Neotropical Show Cave (Brazil), Erika Linzi Silva Taylor, Maria Aparecida De Resende Stoianoff, Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira Oct 2013

Mycological Study For A Management Plan Of A Neotropical Show Cave (Brazil), Erika Linzi Silva Taylor, Maria Aparecida De Resende Stoianoff, Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira

International Journal of Speleology

Caves are stable environments with characteristics favoring the development of microorganisms. The allocthonous input of organic matter and microbes into the warm Neotropical caves may favor the development of filamentous fungi, including pathogenic species. Histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic species commonly found in caves and associated with bat and bird guano. Many Brazilian caves have been historically visited due to scenic and religious tourism. The objective of this study was to perform a microbiology study for a management plan of a show cave in Brazil, focusing on the presence and distribution of pathogenic and opportunistic fungi in the cave. Statistics …

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Evaluación De Un Protocolo De Inseminación Artificial A Tiempo Fijo Con Variaciones En Los Días De Aplicada La Dosis De Prostaglandina En Novillas Brahman Puras Y Cruzadas, Jorge Andrés Prada Torres, Jefferson Abdelo Castro Cruz, Ariosto Ardila Silva, Liliana Chacón Jaramillo Oct 2013

Evaluación De Un Protocolo De Inseminación Artificial A Tiempo Fijo Con Variaciones En Los Días De Aplicada La Dosis De Prostaglandina En Novillas Brahman Puras Y Cruzadas, Jorge Andrés Prada Torres, Jefferson Abdelo Castro Cruz, Ariosto Ardila Silva, Liliana Chacón Jaramillo

Revista Ciencia Animal

Los eventos reproductivos se encuentran influenciados por factores como la edad, el peso, la raza y el medio ambiente. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar diferencias en la respuesta de la aplicación de un protocolo de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF) en novillas puras y cruzadas, con variaciones en los días de aplicación de la dosis de prostaglandina (PGF2α), sobre los porcentajes de preñez. El estudio se desarrolló en una finca del municipio de Barranca de Upía, Meta, Colombia. Se estableció un protocolo hormonal para realizar la IATF y las novillas se dividieron en dos grupos: el …

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Food Insecurity Among Children In Massachusetts, Stephanie Ettinger De Cuba, Deborah A. Frank, Maya Pilgrim, Maria Buitrago, Anna Voremberg, Harris Rollinger, Denise A. Hines Sep 2013

Food Insecurity Among Children In Massachusetts, Stephanie Ettinger De Cuba, Deborah A. Frank, Maya Pilgrim, Maria Buitrago, Anna Voremberg, Harris Rollinger, Denise A. Hines

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article focuses on the prevalence among Massachusetts children and families of food insecurity, inadequate access to enough nutritious food for an active and healthy life. It summarizes research findings on the association of food insecurity with less optimal children’s health and development from the prenatal period through adolescence. Food insecurity also correlates with other material hardships, such as housing and energy insecurity. Data show families’ participation in public nutrition and other assistance program is associated with decreased prevalence of food insecurity and with mitigation of its impact on children’s health and well-being. The article concludes with recommendations for policy …

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Fall 2013 Sep 2013

Fall 2013

Scientia

Exciting start to the year at CSH; Science program offers a college sneak peek for Southside youth; The math class you've been waiting for; Nursing Double Demon shares story of success; Lab notes; Accolades; Many Dreams, One Mission campaign for DePaul University

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Averting Uncertainty: A Practical Guide To Physical Activity Research In Australian Schools, Jerome N. Rachele, Thomas F. Cuddihy, Tracy L. Washington, Steven M. Mcphail Sep 2013

Averting Uncertainty: A Practical Guide To Physical Activity Research In Australian Schools, Jerome N. Rachele, Thomas F. Cuddihy, Tracy L. Washington, Steven M. Mcphail

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Preventative health has become central to contemporary health care, identifying youth physical activity as a key factor in determining health and functioning. Schools offer a unique research setting due to distinctive methodological circumstances. However, school-based researchers face several obstacles in their endeavour to complete successful research investigations; often confronted with complex research designs and methodological procedures that are not easily amenable to school contexts. The purpose of this paper is to provide a practical guide for teachers (both teacher educators and teaching practitioners) seeking to conduct physical activity-based research in Australian school settings, as well as discuss research practices. The …

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2013 Annual Meeting Program Aug 2013

2013 Annual Meeting Program

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Surfing Injuries Requiring First Aid In New Zealand, 2007-2012, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber Aug 2013

Surfing Injuries Requiring First Aid In New Zealand, 2007-2012, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

In an island nation such as New Zealand with easy access to surf beaches, surfing activities are very popular and, while generally perceived as a healthy form of outdoor recreation, they do have attendant risks. This study reports on nondrowning, surfing-related incidents that required medical first aid on beaches during five summer seasons from 2007-2012. Retrospective descriptive analysis of data from lifeguard first aid reports found that 16% (n = 1,327) of injuries were the consequence of surfing activity. More males than females were treated for surfing injuries (68% male, 31% female). Lacerations (59%) and bruising (15%) accounted for most …

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Ernest Everett Just, Phd: Pioneer In Ecological Developmental (Eco-Devo) Biology, Katelyn M. Williams, Bryan A. Wilson, Wendi G. O'Connor, Monte S. Willis Jul 2013

Ernest Everett Just, Phd: Pioneer In Ecological Developmental (Eco-Devo) Biology, Katelyn M. Williams, Bryan A. Wilson, Wendi G. O'Connor, Monte S. Willis

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

Ernest Everett Just, a pioneering American biologist, discovered the fundamental role of the environment in the development of embryos. His work led to the creation of the area of biology known as ecological developmental (Eco-Devo) biology. However, both his work and the context of his scientific contributions are not widely known. His work covered a diversity of fields of biology, including marine biology, cytology, and parthogenesis (asexual reproduction where growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization). His findings provided important concepts in developmental biology that are used to this day. Specifically, he demonstrated the importance of the cellular cytoplasm …

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The Obesity Epidemic, Lenka Kollar, Evienne Epifano, Molly Mckneight, Jeff Miskovich, Heather Moore Jun 2013

The Obesity Epidemic, Lenka Kollar, Evienne Epifano, Molly Mckneight, Jeff Miskovich, Heather Moore

Student Papers in Public Policy

The incidence of chronic, noncommunicable diseases, such as heart disease, is increasing at an alarming rate on the global scale. The growing prevalence of overweight and obesity have led to an upsurge in cases of diabetes and other obesity-related diseases. About 18 million people die every year from heart disease, of which diabetes and obesity are major predisposing factors. Worldwide, more than 1.1 billion adults are overweight, 312 million of which are obese. The number of children that are overweight or obese is also growing (Hossain, Parvez et al.). Obesity, and the associated diseases, has become a worldwide epidemic and …

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Molly: The Not So Convincing Truth Of Mdma, Alison Cromer May 2013

Molly: The Not So Convincing Truth Of Mdma, Alison Cromer

Sound Neuroscience: An Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal

This article discusses the schedule classification and effects of MDMA. The potential damage, therapeutic effects and reclassification of MDMA are examined in a new perspective that challenges past notions which lead to it's scheduling as a class one drug.

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Defining Concussion And Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A History Of Confusion And Debate., Brenda Seymour May 2013

Defining Concussion And Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A History Of Confusion And Debate., Brenda Seymour

Sound Neuroscience: An Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal

Although concussions were first described in ancient times by Hippocrates, the definition of concussion and what differentiates it from other head trauma has been debated throughout history. Since the 9th century, doctors such as Rhazes, Berengario da Carpi, and Doctor Read have further refined the definition and diagnosis of concussion, coming to the first neuropathologic descriptions of the term in the 17th century. Today, the debate continues over whether a concussion is defined as a physical blow to the head, or the abnormal symptoms following such trauma. Other terms such as Mild Traumatic Brain Injury have made their way into …

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91st Annual Meeting Of The Virginia Academy Of Science: Proceedings May 2013

91st Annual Meeting Of The Virginia Academy Of Science: Proceedings

Virginia Journal of Science

Proceedings of the 91st Annual Meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science, held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, May 22-24, 2013.

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Instrumental Music Ensemble At Tennessee State University: The Early Years (1912-1946), Reginald A. Mcdonald Apr 2013

Instrumental Music Ensemble At Tennessee State University: The Early Years (1912-1946), Reginald A. Mcdonald

The Journal of Tennessee State University

No abstract provided.

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The Resilience Of One Tennessee State University Professor In Providing A Path To Excellence For Youths, Sean Daniels Apr 2013

The Resilience Of One Tennessee State University Professor In Providing A Path To Excellence For Youths, Sean Daniels

The Journal of Tennessee State University

No abstract provided.

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A Letter To The Steam Journal Readers, Deborah Freund Mar 2013

A Letter To The Steam Journal Readers, Deborah Freund

The STEAM Journal

A letter to the readers from the President of Claremont Graduate University, President Deborah Freund, welcoming the inaugural issue of 'The STEAM Journal'.

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The Perfect Fit Mar 2013

The Perfect Fit

Colby Magazine

From the classrooms and laboratories of Mayflower Hill, they found their niche in science. Microbiologist Carrie Harwood ’73, transplant surgeon Patrick Wood ’75, and marine biologist Paul Wade ’80 have passion for their professions.

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Too Much Puff, Not Enough Push? Surf Lifeguard Simulated Cpr Performance, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber Feb 2013

Too Much Puff, Not Enough Push? Surf Lifeguard Simulated Cpr Performance, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this paper is to report on the technical competency of volunteer surf lifeguards to perform CPR on a manikin in light of their lifeguard experience, age, and gender. The CPR skills of surf lifeguards on patrol at the beginning of the 2010-11 summer season were tested on manikins by observation of CPR procedures and electronic recording of compression and ventilation skills. Almost all lifeguards (n=252) made the appropriate initial checks for responsiveness (98%). Compression skills were generally performed accurately with few technical errors (such as incomplete release). Most lifeguards (87%) over-ventilated the lungs (> 600ml) on each …

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The Problem Of Too Many Statistical Tests: Subgroup Analyses In A Study Comparing The Effectiveness Of Online And Live Lectures, David M. Lane Jan 2013

The Problem Of Too Many Statistical Tests: Subgroup Analyses In A Study Comparing The Effectiveness Of Online And Live Lectures, David M. Lane

Numeracy

The more statistical analyses performed in the analysis of research data, the more likely it is that one or more of the conclusions will be in error. Multiple statistical analyses can occur when the sample contains several subgroups and the researchers perform separate analyses for each subgroup. For example, separate analyses may be done for different ethnic groups, different levels of education, and/or for both genders. Media reports of research frequently omit information on the number of subgroup analyses performed thus leaving the reader with insufficient information to assess the validity of the conclusions. This article discusses the problems with …

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Cancer Immunotherapy Treatments, Shifra Sadowsky Jan 2013

Cancer Immunotherapy Treatments, Shifra Sadowsky

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in American, with over half a million deaths from cancer reported in 2009. Cancer chemotherapy treatments were developed in the nineteen hundreds and remain the backbone of current treatments; however, they have some limitations. New immunotherapy cancer treatments, where biologic agents are given to patients to influence the body’s natural immune response, are being researched. Among these immunotherapy treatments are co-inhibition blockade of T cells, and combination blockade treatments together with chemotherapy treatment. This review will discuss T cell activation and the role of T cell coinhibitors such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 …

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Assessment Of Balance In Collegiate Cheerleaders: Is Implementing A Balance Training Program A Good Idea?, Caitlin Carroll Jan 2013

Assessment Of Balance In Collegiate Cheerleaders: Is Implementing A Balance Training Program A Good Idea?, Caitlin Carroll

Bridges: A Journal of Student Research

Due to the nature of the activity, competitive cheerleaders are susceptible to falls, which can lead to injury. However, cheerleaders that get put into the air ("flyers"), may have better balance ability as compared to those that hold or support flyers ("bases"). However, no previous research could be located comparing balance ability and fall risk between these positions. The purpose of this study was to assess balance ability and fall risk in female, collegiate cheerleaders. It was found that within the past year, 63.6% of cheerleaders experienced a fall, while 45% reported lower extremity injuries due to participation in their …

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Strengthening Vendor Standards In The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Are Healthier Foods Within Reach?, Mary E. Kennelly, Roni Neff, Lainie Rutkow Jan 2013

Strengthening Vendor Standards In The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Are Healthier Foods Within Reach?, Mary E. Kennelly, Roni Neff, Lainie Rutkow

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

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Relationship Between Dead Pupa Removal And Season And Productivity Of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera, Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies, Ahmet Güler, Hakan Toy Jan 2013

Relationship Between Dead Pupa Removal And Season And Productivity Of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera, Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies, Ahmet Güler, Hakan Toy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to evaluate the dead pupae removal behaviour of 90 honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies during the beekeeping season and the relationships between removal and colony productivity. The liquid nitrogen technique was used in May, June, July, August, and September. The number of removed pupae was significantly (P < 0.01) correlated with the month and changed throughout the season. The highest cleaning efficiency of the colonies were recorded in July and September, and the lowest were in May and August. While the average dead pupae removal was 83.75% in the 90 colonies, the percentage of removed pupae varied between 56.4% and 99.3% during the 5 months. There were significant positive correlations between dead pupae removal and honey yield (P < 0.01; r = 0.295), bee wax production (P < 0.01; r = 0.334), and adult worker bee population (P < 0.05; r = 0.233). No correlation was found between dead pupae removal and brood production and average temperature. Although hygienic behaviour has positive effects on many characters relating to productivity in untreated breeding populations, it is affected by many biotic and abiotic factors. This behaviour decreases with many stressful conditions (wasps, Merops sp., predators, honey harvesting) and increases with colony strength during the season.

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Relative Transit Time Of Chyme Between Duodenal And Jejunal Segments Of The Small Intestine Of Cattle, Alejandro Plascencia, Maria Alejandra Lopez-Soto, Victor Manuel Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Monge, Richard Zinn Jan 2013

Relative Transit Time Of Chyme Between Duodenal And Jejunal Segments Of The Small Intestine Of Cattle, Alejandro Plascencia, Maria Alejandra Lopez-Soto, Victor Manuel Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Monge, Richard Zinn

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Two steers (228 ± 4.5 kg) equipped with \"T\" type cannulas in the proximal duodenum, duodenal-jejunal juncture, and distal ileum were used to measure transit time of chyme within the duodenum and jejunum. Steers were fed (as fed basis) with 5.75 kg of chopped alfalfa hay per day. The transit time was measured during 3 consecutive days using aniline dye, which was pulse-dosed via the duodenal and jejunal cannulas. The site of each cannula placement was confirmed and the small intestine was dissected and measured. Time required between the infusion of aniline dye into the proximal duodenal cannula and its …

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