Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Diseases (90)
- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment (39)
- Therapeutics (35)
- Chemicals and Drugs (23)
- Medical Sciences (22)
-
- Nervous System Diseases (21)
- Medical Specialties (18)
- Anatomy (14)
- Cardiovascular Diseases (14)
- Neoplasms (14)
- Life Sciences (12)
- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases (9)
- Obstetrics and Gynecology (8)
- Dentistry (7)
- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists (7)
- Medical Genetics (7)
- Biology (5)
- Digestive System Diseases (5)
- Eye Diseases (5)
- Mental and Social Health (5)
- Orthotics and Prosthetics (5)
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (5)
- Psychiatry and Psychology (5)
- Rehabilitation and Therapy (5)
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine (4)
- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses (4)
- Cardiovascular System (4)
- Engineering (4)
- Immune System Diseases (4)
- Keyword
-
- Cancer (8)
- Treatment (6)
- Obesity (5)
- Alzheimer's disease (4)
- Gene therapy (4)
-
- Antibiotics (3)
- Epigenetics (3)
- Fetal development (3)
- Immunotherapy (3)
- Melatonin (3)
- Parkinson's disease (3)
- Stem cells (3)
- Alzheimer’s disease (2)
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2)
- Aspartame (2)
- Atherosclerosis (2)
- Breast cancer (2)
- Cardiac regeneration (2)
- Cardiovascular disease (2)
- Clostridium difficile (2)
- Dental stem cells (2)
- Fertility (2)
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (2)
- Genetics (2)
- Geriatrics (2)
- Ghrelin (2)
- Heart development (2)
- Leptin (2)
- MRSA (2)
- Memory (2)
Articles 1 - 30 of 160
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Dentistry: Are Stem Cells The Future?, Tova Zemel
Dentistry: Are Stem Cells The Future?, Tova Zemel
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Stem cell research is currently advancing in every area of medicine. New information about regenerating stem cells is being uncovered on a daily basis. An area of stem cells that has not been focused on until recently is the use of dental stem cells. The objective of this paper is to elucidate the most current research about dental stem cells. Much of what is discussed in this paper has not been implemented yet, and is still in clinical trials. Dental stem cells are important because they could be an alternative way of treating caries, performing root canals, and other traumas …
Is Detection Of Preclinical Alzheimer’S Disease Possible?, Shana Brawer
Is Detection Of Preclinical Alzheimer’S Disease Possible?, Shana Brawer
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Association Between Type Of Fat And The Risk Of Developing Cardiovascular Diseases, Dovid Leib Glassner
The Association Between Type Of Fat And The Risk Of Developing Cardiovascular Diseases, Dovid Leib Glassner
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Objective: To determine the significance of various types of dietary fat in the progression of atherosclerosis leading to heart disease. Methods: Study inclusion criteria constituted relevance to the discussion topic and peer reviewed literature. Age of the published material was taken into account as well, with greater preference being given to more recent research as the topic of nutrition and its relation to chronic disease remains an emerging science. Results: This research review found an overall significant relationship between the type (monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, saturated and trans-fat) of dietary fat intake and the incidence of cardiovascular disease. While earlier research identified …
The Effects Of Drug Abuse On Oral Health, Betzalel Krasnow
The Effects Of Drug Abuse On Oral Health, Betzalel Krasnow
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Drug abuse, currently a national epidemic affecting millions of Americans, causes numerous health issues including increased dental disease. There are several factors which can contribute to an increase in caries and missing teeth. One of the most discussed mechanisms is xerostomia. Drug abusers tend to have large sugar intakes which exacerbates the problems caused by xerostomia. Drug abusers are also at risk for oral infections associated with dental decay due to their altered saliva composition. Unfortunately, once the symptoms are present there is little that can be done to correct them and the goal of the treating dentist should be …
Possible Causes Of Preeclampsia And Potential Treatments, Helene Weinreb
Possible Causes Of Preeclampsia And Potential Treatments, Helene Weinreb
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Preeclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. Its symptoms are well-defined, but the pathophysiology is not fully understood. This paper analyzes several of the most credible causes of this syndrome and attempts to relate these to the known risk factors. Current preeclampsia treatments are examined, and special focus is given to novel experimental treatments which offer hope of ending preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Pathogenic Mechanisms Of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Or Broken Heart Syndrome, Devorah Leah Borisute
Pathogenic Mechanisms Of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Or Broken Heart Syndrome, Devorah Leah Borisute
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a temporary heart-wall motion abnormality with the clinical presentation of a myocardial infarction. Found predominantly in postmenopausal women, TTC most often appears with apical ballooning and mid-ventricle hypokinesis. Often induced by an emotional or physical stress, TTC is reversible and excluded as a diagnosis in patients with acute plaque rupture and obstructive coronary disease. The transient nature and positive prognosis of this cardiomyopathy leaves a dilemma as to what precipitates it. This paper explores the theories of the pathogenesis of TTC including coronary artery spasm, microvascular dysfunction, and catecholamine excess. A thorough analysis of the pathogenesis …
Silver Nanoparticles And Drug Resistant Bacteria, Aliza Eisig
Silver Nanoparticles And Drug Resistant Bacteria, Aliza Eisig
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The scientist who discovered penicillin and its use as an antibiotic, Alexander Fleming, also raised concerns about bacterial resistance. As he predicted, in the twenty first century, the overwhelming use of antibiotics has led to both drug- and multi-drug resistant bacteria. This paper attempts to investigate the antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles against drug resistant bacteria. By using Touro's online library database, the efficacy of silver nanoparticles as a potential antibacterial agent was comprehensively researched. Using transmission electron microscopy and the disk diffusion method, silver nanoparticles have been found to exert bactericidal effects by adsorbing to the cell surface and …
The Effects Of Sports Drinks On Teeth, Gabriel Kaye
The Effects Of Sports Drinks On Teeth, Gabriel Kaye
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
With a push towards a more active lifestyle, the sports drink industry has grown substantially in recent years. However, despite their popularity, sports drinks contain acid, giving them extremely low pHs, which can cause erosion. There have been many studies, including self-administered surveys, studies in vitro, and studies in situ that have shown sports energy drinks cause dental erosion, leading to permanent loss of tooth volume and a softening of the outer layer of the tooth.
Vitamin D Deficiency And Suicide, Miriam Salamon
Vitamin D Deficiency And Suicide, Miriam Salamon
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Vitamin D deficiency, in an increasingly modernized world, is a major global health issue and so is major depressive disorder (MDD) and its high fatality risk. Studies suggest that there may be a connection between the two. Several studies have found a connection between low levels of vitamin D and higher rates of major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Specifically, lower concentrations of vitamin D was seen in the subgroup of patients with suicidal thoughts when comparing with non-suicidal depressed patients. A likely reason for this may be the well- researched role vitamin D plays in regulation of …
The Relationship Between Periodontitis And Cardiovascular Disease, Jonathan Krupka
The Relationship Between Periodontitis And Cardiovascular Disease, Jonathan Krupka
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease has been the subject of much research in recent years. The aim of this study is to review and analyze the relevant literature regarding this relationship, with an emphasis on determining a presence of periodontal bacteria from the periodontal pocket in atheromatous plaques, and to explore the biological role of inflammatory mechanisms that may link periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Although there seems to be conflicting reports, the overall consensus confirms the presence of periodontal bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, in atheromatous plaques. Additionally, the presence of systemic markers of cardiovascular disease in …
Mechanical Factors Affecting Heart Morphogenesis, Moshe Fenster
Mechanical Factors Affecting Heart Morphogenesis, Moshe Fenster
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
For years, the genetic element of heart morphogenesis has been studied. This review focuses on a relatively new area of study, namely, mechanical factors influencing heart morphogenesis. To understand the context of the role of mechanical factors in heart development, an extensive review of the stages of heart morphogenesis is provided. It is found that shear stress, surface tension, fluid forces, and contractions of certain cells play a role in various stages of heart development. Numerous studies have shown that in cases where these mechanical forces were modified, abnormal heart defects were produced. These studies prove that the mechanical forces …
Repurposing Diabetes Drugs To Treat Insulin Resistance In Alzheimer’S Disease, Yael Lazarus
Repurposing Diabetes Drugs To Treat Insulin Resistance In Alzheimer’S Disease, Yael Lazarus
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition which results in a significant decline in cognitive status. Novel treatment approaches for Alzheimer’s are sorely needed, as current medications for the disease offer only marginal clinical benefit. Research has discovered a connection between the pathology of Alzheimer’s and Type 2 Diabetes, two serious and seemingly unrelated disorders. Clinical studies have shown that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with brain insulin resistance similar to the pathology of Type 2 Diabetes. This observation has led to the notion that drugs developed for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes may be beneficial in modifying the cognitive function …
Is Tooth Bleaching Really Safe?, Yehoshua Krasnow
Is Tooth Bleaching Really Safe?, Yehoshua Krasnow
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The field of cosmetic dentistry emerged when people began to realize the importance of a good smile. Stains on teeth were no longer deemed acceptable with the advent of cheap and safe procedures like tooth bleaching. This new procedure replaced the older, more costly and invasive method of laminated veneers and crowns. The chemistry behind this bleaching occurs via unstable hydroxyl radicals and thus the question arose as to how safe this accepted procedure really is. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the negative ramifications of tooth bleaching and to determine if it’s truly safe. The null hypothesis …
Using Dental Stem Cells To Regenerate Tooth Tissue And Whole Tooth Replacement, Peretz Rapoport
Using Dental Stem Cells To Regenerate Tooth Tissue And Whole Tooth Replacement, Peretz Rapoport
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Irreversible dental problems such as dental carries and periodontal disease create a plethora of general and oral health issues. Although there are solutions to treat these different problems, an emphasis has been placed on finding a solution to these points with the help of bioengineering and stem cells. Using stem cells to treat these problems could result in a more permanent fix than the methods dentists employ now. Two novel approaches to fixing irreversible dental problems via stem cell therapy are tooth tissue regeneration and whole tooth replacement. This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of using dental pulp stem …
The Correlation Between Stress And The Development Of Dissociative Identity Disorder, Aviva Soibelman
The Correlation Between Stress And The Development Of Dissociative Identity Disorder, Aviva Soibelman
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Stress is a huge part of life. Our body responds to stress in different ways and most of the times the body overcomes the stress. There are a few incidents when the body is not capable of dealing with the stress and the toll it takes on the brain is undeniable. One result of intolerable stress is Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) in which biopsychology comes to life, as we see how the body is affected by psychology, and vice versa. The mediators that help the body adapt to stressors become detrimental when a person faces trauma or chronic stress. Glucocorticoids, …
Should Genetic Testing Be Recommended For Long Qt Syndrome Patients And Their Relatives?, Menachem Braun
Should Genetic Testing Be Recommended For Long Qt Syndrome Patients And Their Relatives?, Menachem Braun
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
No abstract provided.
Luteinizing Hormone And Alzheimer’S Disease: Impact And Possibilities Of Treatment, Rachel Walkin
Luteinizing Hormone And Alzheimer’S Disease: Impact And Possibilities Of Treatment, Rachel Walkin
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease that is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States. An estimated 5 million Americans are afflicted nationwide and the cost to the economy is valued at 259 billion dollars. Additionally, unlike other major causes of death in the United States, there is no treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease. Alzheimer’s is a progressive disease and it is strongly tied to aging. In most cases symptoms make their first appearance in the late 60’s and gradually worsen, eventually leading to a loss of cognitive function and death. The two outstanding changes in the …
Molecular Mechanisms Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Abraham Bordon
Molecular Mechanisms Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Abraham Bordon
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Alzheimer’s disease was first discovered in 1906 by Alois Alzheimer. It is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the buildup of toxic amyloid plaque and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which results in the progressive loss of cognitive function and memory. Since its discovery, the disease has become a growing health concern, particularly in the developed world, where the ageing demographics have contributed to an increase in its prevalence and incidence. The earliest research into the disease focused on neurochemical analyses and resulted in the formulation of the cholinergic hypothesis. The mechanism of disease was explained as the degeneration of the cholinergic system …
Are Contact Lenses An Effective Vehicle For Ocular-Disease Drug Delivery?, Chana Haimowitz
Are Contact Lenses An Effective Vehicle For Ocular-Disease Drug Delivery?, Chana Haimowitz
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Due to numerous drawbacks with current modes of treatment for various ocular diseases, researchers are synthesizing drug dispensing contact lenses. The lenses will contribute to greater bioavailability of the drug, the minimization of negative side effects, and increased patient compliance. As treatment for glaucoma, in vivo studies have been conducted with latanoprost, timolol maleate, and brimonidine tartrate-eluting lenses, and have succeeded in reducing intraocular pressure to desired values (Ciolino et al., 2016), (Schultz and Mint, 2002). As treatment for fungal keratitis, in vitro studies prove that econazole and natamycin-eluting contact lenses have been successful in killing 100% of fungi for …
An Analysis On Whether Or Not Baldness Can Be Reversed, Spencer Waldman
An Analysis On Whether Or Not Baldness Can Be Reversed, Spencer Waldman
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Many men experiencing hair loss often wonder: is there a cure? Can I get my hair regrown? This thesis addresses these very issues, the anatomy of the pilosebaceous hair, the hair growth cycle, and the suggested causes of male pattern hair loss are examined. Finally, the various drugs that have been suggested to reduce hair loss and even cause hair regrowth are reviewed. After examining the various treatments, it can be concluded with reasonable certainty that hair loss can be halted and often reversed by using FDA approved drugs finasteride and minoxidil. Other drugs such as ketoconazole and dutasteride have …
Do Antibiotics In Early Life Contribute To Obesity?, Shimon Kadosh
Do Antibiotics In Early Life Contribute To Obesity?, Shimon Kadosh
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
In recent years, science has made great strides in its understanding of the microbiome, discovering that it plays a role in regulating many body processes. One area of study is the microbiomes interaction and influence on host metabolic processes. Studies using both mice and humans have established a clear correlation between obesity and the composition of the microbiome, identifying a microbiome unique to obese individuals. Furthermore, experiments with germ-free mice have shown that the microbiome effects host metabolism, causing germ free mice to increase in mass when inoculated with normal microbiota. Inoculation with microbiota from obese mice yielded greater increases …
Upper Limb Prosthesis: A Functional Replacement For The Biological Limb?, Ari Schacter
Upper Limb Prosthesis: A Functional Replacement For The Biological Limb?, Ari Schacter
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The 21st century continues to produce major advancements in prosthetic limb technology. Specifically, improvements to the myo-electric prosthesis have helped numerous upper limb amputees, especially transhumeral patients. Targeted muscle reinnervation surgery has allowed for more seamless control of the prosthetic device by creating new control centers for the unused nerves of the residual arm. Additionally, improvements in pattern recognition technology have enabled transhumeral amputees to gain more natural control of the prosthesis and consequently better imitate a biological limb. Another important development is in regards to the configuration and placement of electromyography electrodes on the amputee’s body. Using high-density electrodes …
Cyclodextrin As A Drug Carrier Increasing Drug Solubility, Malka Silberberg
Cyclodextrin As A Drug Carrier Increasing Drug Solubility, Malka Silberberg
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The development of a new drug requires research and evaluation before the drug is approved to enter the market. One of the factors determining the efficacy of a drug is the aqueous solubility of the drug. A current problem in today’s pharmaceutical industry is the low aqueous solubility of many useful drugs. A drug with a low aqueous solubility will not readily be absorbed by the body. The low aqueous solubility of a drug is often due to the drug’s hydrophobic character. Drug enhancement methods are necessary to avoid the obstacle of drug insolubility and many methods have been developed. …
Consequences Of Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Binyamin S. Kanter
Consequences Of Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Binyamin S. Kanter
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Over the past few years, awareness of the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea has significantly increased. Indeed, sleep apnea may be more common now with the increasing incidence of obesity and the growing number of elderly individuals in our population. How serious is this condition, and what are the potential long-term effects and consequences of obstructive sleep apnea if left untreated? An overlap of many serious conditions with obstructive sleep apnea has been noticed. These conditions include hypertension, heart disease and failure, stroke, diabetes, neurological diseases, depression, and a number of other serious health concerns. The purpose of this paper …
Is Gene Therapy A Viable Option For Cancer Treatment?, Aliza Applebaum
Is Gene Therapy A Viable Option For Cancer Treatment?, Aliza Applebaum
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The use of gene therapy as a medical treatment option was first introduced to the world in 1990, when a four-year-old girl became its first patient. Since then gene therapy has met great success but also severe drawback. Incidences with severely negative outcomes on patients gave gene therapy a bad name and many began skeptical towards its use, but the constant work and progress on the safety and effectiveness of gene therapy is making it a more viable route of treatment. This paper focuses on gene therapy as a form of cancer treatment. Viral insertion of the modified genetic material …
Possible Causes Of Alzheimer’S Disease Related Amyloid-Β Plaques And Neurofibrillary Tangles, Rochelle Rubenstein
Possible Causes Of Alzheimer’S Disease Related Amyloid-Β Plaques And Neurofibrillary Tangles, Rochelle Rubenstein
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Alzheimer’s disease is a major cause of dementia in the elderly and is a global health concern. However, researchers are not sure what causes the characteristic amyloid-β plaque accumulation and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Several model mechanisms have been proposed to answer this question. This paper examines three of these possibilities. Research suggests that a particular allele of the apoE gene is responsible for the neurodegeneration found in Alzheimer’s disease. Another hypothesis is that the mechanism of Alzheimer’s is related to prion-mediated protein misfolding. Other studies indicate that certain environmental factors can cause the neuropathology of Alzheimer’s. Specifically, this …
The Impacts Of Childhood Obesity On Adult Health And Quality Of Life, Miriam Weinstock
The Impacts Of Childhood Obesity On Adult Health And Quality Of Life, Miriam Weinstock
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Obesity has emerged as one of the most preeminent concerns of the modern era. Thirty six percent of our country’s citizens are classified as obese and six percent qualify as extremely obese. Developing obesity as an adult is fairly common, but countless studies have shown a direct correlation between childhood obesity and remaining severely overweight as an adult. Aside from the physical and aesthetic discomfort of maintaining superfluous girth, the health hazards threatening the obese population are extremely discomfiting. The enormity of the issue requires extensive study so that society can educate themselves of the dangers and how to prevent …
Is There A Link Between Zika Virus And Microcephaly In Neonates?, Yuliya Salanovich
Is There A Link Between Zika Virus And Microcephaly In Neonates?, Yuliya Salanovich
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
With Zika virus spreading worldwide, a lot of attention is drawn to researching its pathogenesis and etiology. It has also been noticed by various research groups and such health agencies such as CDC and WHO that there might be a connection between ZIKV and microcephaly, due to the spiking number of cases of microcephaly reported in areas with affected patients. Temporal and geographical data from the affected ZIKV areas, including Brazil and French Polynesia, suggests a connection between microcephaly and the virus. Tests of amniotic fluids of pregnant women with reported Zika virus infection and microcephalic fetuses revealed the presence …
3d Organ Printing, Chana Sirota
3d Organ Printing, Chana Sirota
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The global shortage of donor organs is a cause for countless fatalities across the world. Although, diseases can be treated through organ transplantation it can come along with many complications. Not only is there a high demand for donor organs, there is also the risk of the body’s rejection of the newly implanted organ. Through the method of 3D printing organs, many lives could be saved as well as reducing the need for donor organs. Finding materials to create a suitable scaffold is the focus of many experiments. Materials that are used in organ printing are made from soft materials, …
Most Efficient Methods To Treat Breast Cancer, Esther Ehrman
Most Efficient Methods To Treat Breast Cancer, Esther Ehrman
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Breast cancer is rampant in today’s world. Because there are many different cases and so many different ways to classify breast cancer, a multidisciplinary approach must be taken. Many patients undergo breast conserving surgery which creates a need for the eradication of any remaining tumor residue through radiation. Fifty Gy of radiation should be applied to the breast with an additional 16 Gy as a boost. If a mastectomy is performed to remove a large tumor and 4 or more positive lymph nodes were present, radiation should be applied as well. If the tumor expresses HER2 protein, Trastuzumab should be …