Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Treatment Of Opioid Use Disorder In Carceral Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Study, Elizabeth C. Saunders, Milan F. Satcher, Laura B. Monico, Ryan D. Mcdonald, Sandra A. Springer, David Farabee, Jan Gryczynski, Amesika Nyaku, Elizabeth Needham Waddell, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

While the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare delivery everywhere, persons with carceral system involvement and opioid use disorder (OUD) were disproportionately impacted and vulnerable to severe COVID-associated illness. Carceral settings and community treatment programs (CTPs) rapidly developed protocols to sustain healthcare delivery while reducing risk of COVID-19 transmission. This survey study assessed changes to OUD treatment, telemedicine use, and re-entry support services among carceral and CTPs participating in the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)-funded study, Long-Acting Buprenorphine vs. Naltrexone Opioid Treatments in Criminal Justice System-Involved Adults (EXIT-CJS) study. In December 2020, carceral sites (n = 6; median pre-COVID 2020 …

A Cross-Sectional Survey Of Potential Factors, Motivations, And Barriers Influencing Research Participation And Retention Among People Who Use Drugs In The Rural Usa, Angela T. Hetrick, April M. Young, Miriam R. Elman, Sarann Bielavitz, Rhonda L. Alexander, Morgan Brown, Elizabeth Needham Waddell, P. Todd Korthuis, Kathryn E. Lancaster

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background:

Despite high morbidity and mortality among people who use drugs (PWUD) in rural America, most research is conducted within urban areas. Our objective was to describe influencing factors, motivations, and barriers to research participation and retention among rural PWUD. Methods: We recruited 255 eligible participants from community outreach and community-based, epidemiologic research cohorts from April to July 2019 to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Eligible participants reported opioid or injection drug use to get high within 30 days and resided in high-needs rural counties in Oregon, Kentucky, and Ohio. We aggregated response rankings to identify salient influences, motivations, and …

Prescription Opioid Use Patterns, Use Disorder Diagnoses, And Addiction Treatment Receipt After The 2014 Medicaid Expansion In Oregon, Rachel Springer, Miguel Marino, Steffani R. Bailey, Heather Angier, Jean O'Malley, Megan Hoopes, Stephan Lindner, Jennifer E. Devoe, Nathalie Huguet

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background/Aims: Evidence suggests Medicaid beneficiaries in the USA are prescribed opioids more frequently than are people who are privately‐insured, but little is known about opioid prescribing patterns among Medicaid enrollees who gained coverage via the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansions. This study compared the prevalence of receipt of opioid prescriptions and opioid‐use‐disorder (OUD), along with time from OUD diagnosis to medication‐assisted treatment (MAT) receipt between Oregon residents who had been continuously insured by Medicaid, were newly insured after Medicaid expansion in 2014, or returned to Medicaid coverage after expansion.

Design: Cross‐sectional study using inverse‐propensity weights to adjust for …

Treatment And Prevention Of Opioid Use Disorder: Challenges And Opportunities, Dennis Mccarty, Kelsey C. Priest, P. Todd Korthuis

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Treatment for opioid use disorder in the United States evolved in response to changing federal policy and advances in science. Inpatient care began in 1935 with the US Public Health Service Hospitals in Lexington, Kentucky, and Fort Worth, Texas. Outpatient clinics emerged in the 1960s to provide aftercare. Research advances led to opioid agonist and opioid antagonist therapies. When patients complete opioid withdrawal, return to use is often rapid and frequently deadly. US and international authorities recommend opioid agonist therapy (i.e., methadone or buprenorphine). Opioid antagonist therapy (i.e., extended-release naltrexone) may also inhibit return to use. Prevention efforts emphasize public …