Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Shared Worlds: Multi-Sited Ethnography And Nursing Research, Luke J. Molloy, Kim Walker, Richard Lakeman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background Ethnography, originally developed for the study of supposedly small-scale societies, is now faced with an increasingly mobile, changing and globalised world. Cultural identities can exist without reference to a specific location and extend beyond regional and national boundaries. It is therefore no longer imperative that the sole object of the ethnographer's practice should be a geographically bounded site.

Aim To present a critical methodological review of multi-sited ethnography.

Discussion Understanding that it can no longer be taken with any certainty that location alone determines culture, multi-sited ethnography provides a method of contextualising multi-sited social phenomena. The method enables researchers …

Potential For Identifying Plant-Based Toxins On San Hunter-Gatherer Arrowheads, Madelien Wooding, Justin Bradfield, Vinesh Maharaj, Dwayne Koot, Lyn Wadley, Linda C. Prinsloo, Marlize Lombard

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown …

Work Boot Design Affects The Way Workers Walk: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Jessica Dobson, Diane L. Riddiford-Harland, Alison F. Bell, Julie R. Steele

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Safety boots are compulsory in many occupations to protect the feet of workers from undesirable external stimuli, particularly in harsh work environments. The unique environmental conditions and varying tasks performed in different occupations necessitate a variety of boot designs to match each worker's occupational safety and functional requirements. Unfortunately, safety boots are often designed more for occupational safety at the expense of functionality and comfort. In fact, there is a paucity of published research investigating the influence that specific variations in work boot design have on fundamental tasks common to many occupations, such as walking. This literature review aimed to …

Molecular Docking Studies To Explore Potential Binding Pockets And Inhibitors For Chikungunya Virus Envelope Glycoproteins, Phuong Nguyen, Haibo Yu, Paul A. Keller

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) envelope glycoproteins are considered important potential targets for anti-CHIKV drug discovery due to their crucial roles in virus attachment and virus entry. In this study, using two available crystal structures of the immature and mature forms of envelope glycoproteins, virtual screenings based on blind dockings and focused dockings were carried out to identify potential binding pockets and hit compounds for the virus. The chemical library database of compounds, NCI Diversity Set II, was used in these docking studies. In addition to reproducing previously reported examples, new binding pockets were identified, e.g., Pocket 2 in the 3N40, …

Biomass Burning And Biogenic Aerosols In Northern Australia During The Safired Campaign, Andelija Milic, Marc Mallet, Luke Cravigan, Joel Alroe, Zoran Ristovski, Paul Selleck, Sarah J. Lawson, J Ward, Maximilien Desservettaz, Clare Paton-Walsh, Leah Williams, Melita Keywood, Branka Miljevic

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

There is a lack of knowledge of how biomass burning aerosols in the tropics age, including those in the fire-prone Northern Territory in Australia. This paper reports chemical characterization of fresh and aged aerosols monitored during the 1-month-long SAFIRED (Savannah Fires in the Early Dry Season) field study, with an emphasis on the chemical signature and aging of organic aerosols. The campaign took place in June 2014 during the early dry season when the surface measurement site, the Australian Tropical Atmospheric Research Station (ATARS), located in the Northern Territory, was heavily influenced by thousands of wild and prescribed bushfires. ATARS …

Integrating Millennial And Interdecadal Shoreline Changes: Morpho-Sedimentary Investigation Of Two Prograded Barriers In Southeastern Australia, Thomas Oliver, Toru Dr Toru Tamura, J Hudson, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Prograded barriers are distinctive coastal landforms preserving the position of past shorelines as low relief, shore-parallel ridges composed of beach sediments and commonly adorned with variable amounts of dune sand. Prograded barriers have been valued as coastal archives which contain palaeoenvironmental information, however integrating the millennial timescale geological history of barriers with observed inter-decadal modern beach processes has proved difficult. Technologies such as airborne LiDAR, ground penetrating radar (GPR) and optically stimulated luminescence dating (OSL) were utilised at Boydtown and Wonboyn, in southeastern Australia, and combined with previously reported radiocarbon dates and offshore seismic and sedimentological data to reconstruct the …

Consistent Regional Fluxes Of Ch4 And Co2 Inferred From Gosat Proxy Xch4:Xco2 Retrievals, 2010-2014, Liang Feng, Paul I. Palmer, Hartmut Boesch, Robert J. Parker, A J. Webb, Caio Correia, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Lucas Domingues, Dietrich G. Feist, Luciana Gatti

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We use the GEOS-Chem global 3-D model of atmospheric chemistry and transport and an ensemble Kalman filter to simultaneously infer regional fluxes of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) directly from GOSAT retrievals of XCH₄ : XCO₂, using sparse ground-based CH₄ and CO₂ mole fraction data to anchor the ratio. This work builds on the previously reported theory that takes into account that (1) these ratios are less prone to systematic error than either the full-physics data products or the proxy CH₄ data products; and (2) the resulting CH_{4 …}

Health And Nutrition Content Claims On Australian Fast-Food Websites, Lyndal Wellard, Alexandra G. Koukoumas, Wendy L. Watson, Clare Hughes

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objective: To determine the extent that Australian fast-food websites contain nutrition content and health claims, and whether these claims are compliant with the new provisions of the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code ('the Code').

Design: Systematic content analysis of all web pages to identify nutrition content and health claims. Nutrition information panels were used to determine whether products with claims met Nutrient Profiling Scoring Criteria (NPSC) and qualifying criteria, and to compare them with the Code to determine compliance. Setting: Australian websites of forty-four fast-food chains including meals, bakery, ice cream, beverage and salad chains.

Subjects: Any products marketed …

A Review For Australian Nurses: Cannabis Use For Anti-Emesis Among Terminally Ill Patients In Australia, Alex Chan, Luke J. Molloy, Joy Pertile, Miguel Iglesias

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objective: The objective of this article is to describe the potential benefits of medicinal cannabis in emesis control and the position of nurses looking after palliative patients who are on medicinal cannabis treatment in Australia.

Setting; Palliative care

Primary argument: Cannabis is the most commonly abused drug and its use for medical purposes was restricted throughout the world since the early 20th century. However many clinical studies show that the natural cannabinoid compounds can stimulate the cannabinoid receptors in the brain leading to attenuation of signal transmission, resulting in alleviation of the vomiting stimuli. The debate about …

The Sodium Content Of Processed Foods In South Africa During The Introduction Of Mandatory Sodium Limits, Sanne Peters, Elizabeth K. Dunford, Lisa J. Ware, Teresa Harris, Adele Walker, Mariaan Wicks, Tertia Van Zyl, Bianca Swanepoel, Karen E. Charlton, Mark Woodward, Jacqui Webster, Bruce Neal

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: In June 2016, the Republic of South Africa introduced legislation for mandatory limits for the upper sodium content permitted in a wide range of processed foods. We assessed the sodium levels of packaged foods in South Africa during the one-year period leading up to the mandatory implementation date of the legislation.

Methods: Data on the nutritional composition of packaged foods was obtained from nutrition information panels on food labels through both in-store surveys and crowdsourcing by users of the HealthyFood Switch mobile phone app between June 2015 and August 2016. Summary sodium levels were calculated for 15 food categories, …

Pattern Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake And Fish Consumption And Retinal Vascular Caliber In Children And Adolescents: A Cohort Study, Bamini Gopinath, Hanieh Moshtaghian, Victoria M. Flood, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Gerald Liew, George Burlutsky, Paul Mitchell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We aimed to investigate whether fish and long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCn-3 PUFA) consumption changed appreciably during adolescence. We also assessed whether these dietary variables are associated with retinal microvascular signs (possible markers of future cardiovascular disease risk). 633 children had dietary data at ages 12 and 17. Fish and LCn-3 PUFA [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Retinal vessel caliber was quantified from digital photographs using computer software. Mean energy-Adjusted intakes (mg/day) of total LCn-3 PUFA, EPA, and DHA at age 12 were 297.1 ±261.1; …

How Do We Fit Underground Coal Mining Work Boots?, Jessica Dobson, Diane L. Riddiford-Harland, Alison F. Bell, Julie R. Steele

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Well-fitted footwear provides an appropriate level of protection, support and comfort during walking (de Castro et al., 2010), and reduces the potential for foot problems and foot pain (Manna et al., 2001). To fit properly, the internal footwear shape should match the shape of a wearer's foot. In underground coal miners, however, there are mismatches between the shape of their feet and the internal work boot dimensions. The impact these boot-foot mismatches have on work footwear satisfaction remains unclear (Dobson et al., 2017). Uncomfortable footwear does not have poor fit ratings at every point on a shoe. This indicates that …

Critical Reflection: The Struggle Of A Practice Developer, Rebekkah Middleton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Context: Critical reflection is espoused as aligning with person-centred approaches and with being an effective person-centred facilitator. Knowing 'self' represents a key prerequisite of being an effective person-centred facilitator. This attribute is essential for personal growth and for helping create the conditions that enable others to grow.

Aims: This article seeks to explore why critical reflection is difficult for some, sharing personal stories of a practice developer's experiences of wrestling with reflective models and learning to critically reflect in a meaningful way.

Questions for practice:

• How can practice developers earnestly engage in reflection?
• Is it necessary to be …

Understanding The Context Of Learning In An Online Social Network For Health Professionals' Informal Learning, Xin Li, Kathleen Gray, Karin Verspoor, Stephen Barnett

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Online social networks (OSN) enable health professionals to learn informally, for example by sharing medical knowledge, or discussing practice management challenges and clinical issues. Understanding the learning context in OSN is necessary to get a complete picture of the learning process, in order to better support this type of learning. This study proposes critical contextual factors for understanding the learning context in OSN for health professionals, and demonstrates how these contextual factors can be used to analyse the learning context in a designated online learning environment for health professionals.

Graduate Nurse Practice Readiness: A Conceptual Understanding Of An Age Old Debate, May El Haddad, Lorna Moxham, Marc Broadbent

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The growing demands of an aging population, a looming nursing shortage, widespread fiscal constraints and the growing complexity of a dynamic healthcare landscape means that graduate registered nurses (GRNs) are increasingly expected to be practice ready. This term, also known as fitness to practice, has long been used to describe a concept that is actually unformulated. Indeed, what does being practice ready actually mean and who are the appropriate stakeholders to define it? The prevalence of the ongoing debate about practice readiness, which has now been around for decades, indicates the issue is still at the fore of nursing discourse. …

Complex Relationships Between Competing Guilds Along Large-Scale Environmental Gradients, Remi Vergnon, Mark K. J Ooi, Robert P. Freckleton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Despite much research over the past 30 years, there is still little general understanding of how the outcomes of interactions vary along environmental gradients, particularly at large geographic scales. A simple expectation is that decreasing environmental quality should reduce densities of competitors and hence the effects of competition should weaken in poorer environments. A counterintuitive consequence is that associations between densities of competitors might change from negative to positive as environments decrease in quality. Here we test these predictions in a set of vascular plant communities where perennial species share space and resources with less competitive annuals. We surveyed nine …

Effects Of Dredging On Critical Ecological Processes For Marine Invertebrates, Seagrasses And Macroalgae, And The Potential For Management With Environmental Windows Using Western Australia As A Case Study, Matthew Fraser, Jessie Short, Gary A. Kendrick, Dianne Mclean, John Keesing, Maria Byrne, M Julian Caley, Doug Clarke, Andrew R. Davis, Paul Erftemeijer, Stuart Field, Sam Gustin-Craig, John M. Huisman, Michael J. Keough, Paul Lavery, Ray Masini, Kathryn Mcmahon, Kerrie Mengersen, Michael Rasheed, John Statton, Jim Stoddart, Paul Wu

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Dredging can have significant impacts on benthic marine organisms through mechanisms such as sedimentation and reduction in light availability as a result of increased suspension of sediments. Phototrophic marine organisms and those with limited mobility are particularly at risk from the effects of dredging. The potential impacts of dredging on benthic species depend on biological processes including feeding mechanism, mobility, life history characteristics (LHCs), stage of development and environmental conditions. Environmental windows (EWs) are a management technique in which dredging activities are permitted during specific periods throughout the year; avoiding periods of increased vulnerability for particular organisms in specific locations. …

New Ages For The Upper Palaeolithic Site Of Xibaimaying In The Nihewan Basin, Northern China: Implications For Small-Tool And Microblade Industries In North-East Asia During Marine Isotope Stages 2 And 3, Yujie Guo, Bo Li, Jia-Fu Zhang, Bao Yin Yuan, Fei Xie, Richard G. Roberts

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

It has been suggested that the 'small-tool' and microblade Upper Palaeolithic industries coexisted in the Nihewan Basin of northern China for about 8-14 000 years during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2. This inference was based on uranium-series ages of around 15 and 18 ka for bovid teeth recovered from the 'latest' small-tool site of Xibaimaying - the youngest occurrence of such tools in the region - and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of the earliest typical microblade site (Youfang: ∼26-29 ka). In this study, we re-dated the Xibaimaying site using single-grain OSL methods and the resulting ages indicate that the …

Two Phenylethanoid Glycosides, Parvifloroside A And B, Isolated From Barleria Strigosa, Wasana Prapalert, Dammrong Santiarworn, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Stephen G. Pyne

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Two phenylethanoid glycosides, parvifloroside A (1) and parvifloroside B (2) have been isolated for the first time from the MeOH extract of Barleria strigosa growing in Thailand. The structures of these compounds were elucidated from their 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and ESI-MS.

The Kids Insight Into Dementia Survey (Kids): Development And Preliminary Psychometric Properties, Jess Baker, Lee-Fay Low, Belinda J. Goodenough, Yun-Hee Jeon, Ruby Tsang, Christine Bryden, Karen Hutchinson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objectives: Children may have a foundational role in efforts to raise community awareness about dementia. There is some qualitative work with children with a relative with dementia, but little work into the insights of children as general citizens without affected family. One issue is an absence of measurement tools; thus the study aimed to design and pilot a psychometrically sound self-report measure of dementia attitudes for children.

Method: Using a multi-staged scale development process, stakeholder and expert input informed a 52-item Kids Insight into Dementia Survey (KIDS). After a pretest of KIDS with 21 Australian schoolchildren aged 10-12 …

Scalemic Caged Xanthones Isolated From The Stem Bark Extract Of Garcinia Propinqua, Teerayut Sriyatep, Raymond J. Andersen, Brian O. Patrick, Stephen G. Pyne, Chatchai Muanprasat, Sawinee Seemakhan, Suparerk Borwornpinyo, Surat Laphookhieo

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Seven new caged xanthones, doitunggarcinones E−K (1−7), all as scalemic mixtures and 10 known compounds (8−17), were isolated from the stem bark extract of Garcinia propinqua. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The separation of the enantiomers of 1−6 was achieved by semipreparative chiral HPLC. The absolute configuration of compound (+)-1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis using Cu Kα radiation. The absolute configurations of the other related compounds were determined from comparisons of their ECD spectra with that of compound (+)-1. Compounds (−)-6 and 7 showed cytotoxicity against a colon cancer cell line …

The Age Of Homo Naledi And Associated Sediments In The Rising Star Cave, South Africa, Paul H.G.M Dirks, Eric Roberts, Hannah Hilbert-Wolf, Jan Kramers, John Hawks, Anthony Dosseto, Mathieu Duval, Marina Elliott, Mary Evans, Rainer Grün

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

New ages for flowstone, sediments and fossil bones from the Dinaledi Chamber are presented. We combined optically stimulated luminescence dating of sediments with U-Th and palaeomagnetic analyses of flowstones to establish that all sediments containing Homo naledi fossils can be allocated to a single stratigraphic entity (sub-unit 3b), interpreted to be deposited between 236 ka and 414 ka. This result has been confirmed independently by dating three H. naledi teeth with combined U-series and electron spin resonance (US-ESR) dating. Two dating scenarios for the fossils were tested by varying the assumed levels of 222Rn loss in the encasing sediments: a …

Carbon Nanotube Membranes: Synthesis, Properties, And Future Filtration Applications, Md. Harun-Or Rashid, Stephen Frederick Ralph

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Over the course of the past decade, there has been growing interest in the development of different types of membranes composed of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), including buckypapers and composite materials, for an ever-widening range of filtration applications. This article provides an overview of how different types of CNT membranes are prepared and the results obtained from investigations into their suitability for different applications. The latter involve the removal of small particles from air samples, the filtration of aqueous solutions containing organic compounds and/or bacteria, and the separation of individual liquids present in mixtures. A growing number of reports have demonstrated …

Do Daily And Seasonal Trends In Leaf Solar Induced Fluorescence Reflect Changes In Photosynthesis, Growth Or Light Exposure?, Rhys Wyber, Zbynek Malenovky, Michael B. Ashcroft, Barry Osmond, Sharon A. Robinson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) emissions of photosynthetically active plants retrieved from space-borne observations have been used to improve models of global primary productivity. However, the relationship between SIF and photosynthesis in diurnal and seasonal cycles is still not fully understood, especially at large spatial scales, where direct measurements of photosynthesis are unfeasible. Motivated by up-scaling potential, this study examined the diurnal and seasonal relationship between SIF and photosynthetic parameters measured at the level of individual leaves. We monitored SIF in two plant species, avocado (Persea Americana) and orange jasmine (Murraya paniculatta), throughout 18 diurnal cycles during the Southern Hemisphere …

Understanding Collaboration In General Practice: A Qualitative Study, Susan Mcinnes, Kathleen Peters, Andrew D. Bonney, Elizabeth J. Halcomb

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: An increased incidence of chronic and complex conditions in the community is placing pressure on human resources in general practice. Improving collaboration between GPs and registered nurses may help alleviate workforce stressors and enhance health outcomes.

Objective: To explore the facilitators and challenges of collaboration between GPs and registered nurses in Australian general practice.

Methods: Eight GPs and 14 registered nurses from general practices in New South Wales, Australia, participated in semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and underwent thematic analysis.

Results: The overarching theme 'Understanding collaboration in general practice' comprises four sub-themes, namely (i) …

2-Phenylnaphthalenes And A Polyoxygenated Cyclohexene From The Stem And Root Extracts Of Uvaria Cherrevensis (Annonaceae), Chiramet Auranwiwat, Puttandon Wongsomboon, Thanaphat Thaima, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan, Anthony C. Willis, Wilford Lie, Stephen G. Pyne, Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Three new 2-phenylnaphthalene derivatives, cherrevenaphthalenes A-C (1-3), and a new polyoxygenated cyclohexene derivative, (−)-uvaribonol F (4) together with six known compounds, 5-10, were isolated from the stem and root extracts of Uvaria cherrevensis (Annonaceae). The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The structures of 3 and 4 were further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Compound 2 exhibited modest antiplasmodial activity against the P. falciparum stains TM4/ 8.2 and K1CB1 with IC₅₀ values of 18.8 ± 3.63 and 23.4 ± 4.08 μM, respectively, and weak cytotoxicity to a Vero cell line. Furthermore, compound 4 …

Validation Of Mopitt Carbon Monoxide Using Ground-Based Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer Data From Ndacc, Rebecca R. Buchholz, M Deeter, H M. Worden, J C. Gille, D P. Edwards, James W. Hannigan, Nicholas B. Jones, Clare Paton-Walsh, David W. T Griffith, D Smale, John Robinson, Kimberly Strong, Stephanie Conway, Ralf Sussmann, Frank Hase, Thomas Blumenstock, Emmanuel Mahieu, Bavo Langerock

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument provides the longest continuous dataset of carbon monoxide (CO) from space. We perform the first validation of MOPITT version 6 retrievals using total column CO measurements from ground-based remote-sensing Fourier transform infrared spectrometers (FTSs). Validation uses data recorded at 14 stations, that span a wide range of latitudes (80° N to 78° S), in the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). MOPITT measurements are spatially co-located with each station, and different vertical sensitivities between instruments are accounted for by using MOPITT averaging kernels (AKs). All three MOPITT …

Hydroclimate Of The Last Glacial Maximum And Deglaciation In Southern Australia's Arid Margin Interpreted From Speleothem Records (23-15 Ka), Pauline Treble, Andrew Baker, Linda K. Ayliffe, Tim J. Cohen, John C. Hellstrom, Michael K. Gagan, Silvia Frisia, Russell N. Drysdale, Alan Griffiths, Andrea Borsato

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Terrestrial data spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and deglaciation from the southern Australian region are sparse, and limited to discontinuous sedimentological and geomorphological records with relatively large chronological uncertainties. This dearth of records has prevented a critical assessment of the role of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude westerly winds on the region's climate during this time period. In this study, two precisely-dated speleothem records for Mairs Cave, Flinders Ranges, are presented, providing a detailed terrestrial hydroclimatic record for the southern Australian drylands during 23-15 ka for the first time. Enhanced recharge to Mairs Cave is interpreted from the speleothem record …

The Mumba Campaign: Measurements Of Urban, Marine And Biogenic Air, Clare Paton-Walsh, Elise-Andree Guerette, Dagmar C. Kubistin, Ruhi S. Humphries, Stephen R. Wilson, Doreena Dominick, Ian E. Galbally, Rebecca R. Buchholz, Mahendra Bhujel, Scott Chambers, Min Cheng, Martin Cope, Perry Davy, Kathryn M. Emmerson, David W. T Griffith, Alan Griffiths, Melita Keywood, Sarah J. Lawson, Suzie B. Molloy, Geraldine Rea, Paul Selleck, Xue Shi, Jack Simmons, Voltaire A. Velazco

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Measurements of Urban, Marine and Biogenic Air (MUMBA) campaign took place in Wollongong, New South Wales (a small coastal city approximately 80 km south of Sydney, Australia) from 21 December 2012 to 15 February 2013. Like many Australian cities, Wollongong is surrounded by dense eucalyptus forest, so the urban airshed is heavily influenced by biogenic emissions. Instruments were deployed during MUMBA to measure the gaseous and aerosol composition of the atmosphere with the aim of providing a detailed characterisation of the complex environment of the ocean-forest-urban interface that could be used to test the skill of atmospheric models. The …

Morphogenetic Modelling Of Coastal And Estuarine Evolution, Junjie Deng, Colin D. Woodroffe, Kerrylee Rogers, Jan Harff

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Environmental pressures from climate change and anthropogenic activities have increased the need for quantitative morphogenetic models of coasts and estuaries. These quantitative models enable geoscientists to explain and forecast coastal and estuarine morphogenetic processes. Reducing model (predictive) uncertainties requires increasing awareness and reconsideration of common fundamental principles upon which existing models have built. Based on a review of most of the existing morphogenetic models applicable on open oceanic coasts and in estuaries, we use Exner equations to clarify the potential of individual models. Fundamental coastal and estuarine behaviours, and cautions required when implementing the models are also discussed on the …