Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Orofacial Pain And Menstrually Related Migraine, Chisa Nishihara, Keisuke Hatori, Yung-Chu Hsu, Kana Ozasa, Andrew L. Young, Yoshiki Imamura, Noboru Noma

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

PURPOSE: Migraine is a common, debilitating, primary headache disorder that can cause and be affected by odontalgia.

CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old woman(Patient 1) presented with pulsating pain in the left maxillary molar area, and a history of unsuccessful root canal treatment. She was ultimately diagnosed with menstrually related migraine without aura and zolmitriptan was prescribed, which reduced her headache and toothache together. A 45-year-old woman (Patient 2) presented with throbbing pain in the right maxillary molar and cheek area. Past repeated endodontic therapy had been unsuccessful. She was then diagnosed with menstrually related migraine without aura, and sumatriptan significantly reduced …

Screening Of Physical Activity Levels In Older Adults At A Community-Based Health Fair: A Feasibility Study, David B. Gillette, Preeti Oza, Todd E. Davenport

Pacific Journal of Health

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of activity level screenings in community-based health fairs. Additionally, we assessed relationships between participants’ sociodemographics, health-related factors and self-reported activity levels.

Methods: Feasibility was assessed by the time required to conduct screenings and ease of integrating it into the health fair workflow. Physical Therapy students collected responses using Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and the Physical Activity Level (PAL) items from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Results:Screenings increased service and wait times. Participants (N=37, mean age=71.5 years) reported a mean of 4.8 fall risk factors, …

Insight - December 2019, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Whether you are involved in clinical research, biomedical research, the scholarship of teaching and learning, improvement of the health care system, or professional partnerships that advance the field, we aim to spotlight the work of people at the Dugoni School.

Corticostriatal Functional Connectivity Of Bothersome Tinnitus In Single-Sided Deafness, Jennifer Henderson-Sabes, Yingying Shang, Philip L. Perez, Jolie L. Chang, Seth E. Pross, Anne M. Findlay, Danielle Mizuiri, Leighton B. Hinkley, Srikantan S. Nagarajan, Steven W. Cheung

All Faculty Scholarship

Subjective tinnitus is an auditory phantom perceptual disorder without an objective biomarker. Bothersome tinnitus in single-sided deafness (SSD) is particularly challenging to treat because the deaf ear can no longer be stimulated by acoustic means. We contrasted an SSD cohort with bothersome tinnitus (TIN; N = 15) against an SSD cohort with no or non-bothersome tinnitus (NO TIN; N = 15) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). All study participants had normal hearing in one ear and severe or profound hearing loss in the other. We evaluated corticostriatal functional connectivity differences by placing seeds in the caudate nucleus and …

The Best Is The Enemy Of The Good, David B. Gillette

All Faculty Scholarship

When I began my residency, I wanted to deepen my clinical expertise so I could better serve the growing population of older adults. I thought my perfectionism would be an asset in this process and help me be successful. As a high achiever, I focused on meeting internal and external expectations, not on growth. What I did not think of was how to better myself as a person—or that I even needed to do so. I did not know that perfectionism can be a weakness that affects not only me but also those around me.

I am not alone in …

Health Engagement Challenges And Strategic Perspectives For The 2023 Health Financing Transition In The Federated States Of Micronesia And The Republic Of The Marshall Islands, Alex Wheatley, Subroto Banerji

Pacific Journal of Health

The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) are small sovereign island nations in the Pacific. These nations maintain a special relationship with the US Government (USG) through the Compacts of Free Association (COFA), first signed into law in 1986. One component of COFA—the more than $60 million in direct USG annual financial assistance to FSM and RMI through Compact Sector grants—will end in 2023. This financing shift brings an opportunity to re-assess FSM-RMI-USG engagement specifically around health systems strengthening moving forward. At present, FSM-RMI are included in HHS’ domestic appropriations and authorizations framework; …

Dugoni School Year In Review 2018-2019, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Dugoni Academic Year in Review

Highlights of academic programs, clinical services, research, community outreach and other areas of University of the Pacific's Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry.

Contact Point Autumn 2019, Arthur A. Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Contact Point

No abstract provided.

Facial Tissue Changes With Microimplant Assisted Rapid Palatal Expanders, Kevin Shimizu

Orthodontics and Endodontics Theses

Introduction: Skeletal expansion has been a treatment modality in orthodontics and orthopedics to correct skeletal transverse discrepancies with maxillary constriction. The utilization of microimplants in conjunction with these palatal expanders offers a higher degree of pure skeletal expansion and minimizes the dental side effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of the hard and soft tissues of the face after skeletal expansion for orthodontics. Methods: 36 patients who had received successful expansion with a microimplant assisted rapid palatal expander were compared to their pre-expansion records. All patients received CBCTs from which a 3-D analysis configuration was …

Hiv-1 Envelope Overcomes Nlrp3-Mediated Inhibition Of F-Actin Polymerization For Viral Entry, Audrey Paoletti, Awatef Allouch, Marina Caillet, Hela Saïdi, Frédéric Subra, Roberta Nardacci, Qiuji Wu, Zeinaf Muradova, Laurent Voisin, Syed Qasim Raza, Frédéric Law, Maxime Thoreau, Haithem Dakhli, Olivier Delelis, Béatrice Poirier-Beaudouin, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Roger Le Grand, Olivier Lambotte, Asier Saez-Cirion, Gianfranco Pancino, David M. Ojcius, Eric Solary, Eric Deutsch, Mauro Piacentini, Marie Lise Gougeon, Guido Kroemer, Jean Luc Perfettini

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

© 2019 The Author(s) Purinergic receptors and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins have been shown to control viral infection. Here, we show that the NLR family member NLRP3 and the purinergic receptor P2Y2 constitutively interact and regulate susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. We found that NLRP3 acts as an inhibitory factor of viral entry that represses F-actin remodeling. The binding of the HIV-1 envelope to its host cell receptors (CD4, CXCR4, and/or CCR5) overcomes this restriction by stimulating P2Y2. Once activated, P2Y2 enhances its interaction with NLRP3 and stimulates the recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBL to NLRP3, …

Trident - September 2019, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Trident

The newsletter of the Pacific Orthodontic Alumni Chapter at University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry.

Systemic Immunologic Consequences Of Chronic Periodontitis, D. K. Gaudilliere, A. Culos, K. Djebali, Amy S. Tsai, Edward A. Ganio, W. M. Choi, Xiaoyuan Han, A. Maghaireh, B. Choisy, Q. Baca, J. F. Einhaus, J. J. Hedou, B. Bertrand, K. Ando, R. Fallahzadeh, Mohammad Sajjad Ghaemi, R. Okada, N. Stanley, A. Tanada, M. Tingle, T. Alpagot, J. A. Helms, M. S. Angst, N. Aghaeepour, B. Gaudilliere

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Chronic periodontitis (ChP) is a prevalent inflammatory disease affecting 46% of the US population. ChP produces a profound local inflammatory response to dysbiotic oral microbiota that leads to destruction of alveolar bone and tooth loss. ChP is also associated with systemic illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying these adverse health outcomes are poorly understood. In this prospective cohort study, we used a highly multiplex mass cytometry immunoassay to perform an in-depth analysis of the systemic consequences of ChP in patients before (n = 28) and after (n = 16) periodontal treatment. A high-dimensional …

In Vivo Effectiveness And Safety Of Probiotics On Prophylaxis And Treatment Of Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Lijun Hu, Mimi Zhou, Andrew L. Young, Weiwei Zhao, Zhimin Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

BACKGROUND: To systematically review and assess the in vivo effectiveness and safety of probiotics for prophylaxis and treating oral candidiasis.

METHODS: A literature search for studies published in English until August 1, 2018 was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled clinical trials and experimental mouse animal model studies comparing probiotics (at any dosage and in any form) with control groups (placebo, blank control or other agents) and reporting outcomes of the prophylactic and therapeutic effects were considered for inclusion. A descriptive study and, potentially, a meta-analysis were planned.

RESULTS: Six randomized …

Impact Of High Volume Energy Drink Consumption On Electrocardiographic And Blood Pressure Parameters: A Randomized Trial, Sachin A. Shah, Andy H. Szeto, Raechel Farewell, Allen Shek, Dorothy Fan, Kathy N. Quach, Mouchumi Bhattacharyya, Jasmine Elmiari, Winny Chan, Kate O'Dell, Nancy Nguyen, Tracey J. Mcgaughey, Javed M. Nasir, Sanjay Kaul

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Background Energy drinks have been linked to an increase in emergency room visits and deaths. We aim to determine the impact of energy drinks on electrocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters in young healthy volunteers. Methods and Results A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, crossover study was conducted in healthy volunteers. Participants consumed 32 oz of either energy drink A, energy drink B, or placebo within 60 minutes on 3 study days with a 6-day washout period in between. The primary end point of QT c interval and secondary end points of QT interval, PR interval, QRS duration, heart rate, and brachial and central …

Eradication Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (Hiv-1)-Infected Cells, Nejat Düzgüneş, Krystyna Konopka

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Predictions made soon after the introduction of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors about potentially eradicating the cellular reservoirs of HIV-1 in infected individuals were too optimistic. The ability of the HIV-1 genome to remain in the chromosomes of resting CD4+ T cells and macrophages without being expressed (HIV-1 latency) has prompted studies to activate the cells in the hopes that the immune system can recognize and clear these cells. The absence of natural clearance of latently infected cells has led to the recognition that additional interventions are necessary. Here, we review the potential of utilizing suicide gene therapy …

Preventing The Conversion From Prediabetes To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Lifestyle Modification Versus Metformin Therapy, Kirsten Anderson

Physician Assistant Capstones

A 42-year-old mildly obese female returns to her primary care provider for lab results. Her screening comprehensive metabolic panel reveals an impaired fasting glucose of 120 mg/dL and her glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is 6.3 – squarely in the prediabetic range, bordering on conversion to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). At this point, should the clinician recommend lifestyle modifications alone? Lifestyle modifications and metformin? Would those recommendations necessarily vary if she was 65 years old or had a history of gestational diabetes (GDM)?

Effects Of Antibiotics On Exacerbations For Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd), Cierra Coffman

Physician Assistant Capstones

The use of antibiotics for treating exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been a topic of controversy since first studied in the 1950s and 1960s. This paper analyzes the effects of a course of antibiotics on time until next exacerbation in patients with COPD. Five recent randomized control trials were examined. The antibiotic most often studied was azithromycin, a macrolide. Azithromycin decreased the length of time to first exacerbation compared to placebo in three studies; two other studies depicted sub analyses to support azithromycin as superior to placebo. Overall, antibiotics decreased the length of time between …

Is More Always Better? Efficacy Of Hctz, Low Versus High Dose Therapy In Dual Combination Treatment For Hypertension, Amanda Amy Diep

Physician Assistant Capstones

Currently, 1 in 5 U.S. adults are not aware that they have HTN; thus, a minimum of 20% of patients have BPs that are not at goal.7 With such a large number of patients untreated and uncontrolled, efforts have been made to improve patient attainment of these BP goals. Single-pill fixed-dose combination drugs were made available for this purpose. This option reduces medical costs for patients, increases medication compliance, and provides greater therapeutic results. Looking at trends for fixed-dose combination antihypertensive therapy, a commonly used formulation is a thiazide diuretic combined with an ARB.

Per the European Society of Hypertension-European …

Chronic Migraine Prophylaxis: A Comparison Between Botox And Topiramate, Brenda De La Torre

Physician Assistant Capstones

This is a review of two prophylactic medications for chronic migraine prophylaxis, Botox and topiramate. Three articles were selected that reviewed the efficacy of topiramate and regarding the effectiveness of Botox. These articles measured quality of life through a Migraine Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire. Inclusion criteria for choosing these articles is as follows; articles must be published within the last 15 years, focus must be adults excluding pediatric populations, primary focus of the articles is chronic migraines, research studies must follow patients for at least 12 weeks.

Are Sexual Minorities At An Increased Risk For Cardiovascular Disease?, Blake Beck

Physician Assistant Capstones

Among noncommunicable diseases, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 17.9 million deaths in 2016.1 In the United States the incidence of CVD deaths declined steadily from 1970 to 2014 but halted at 800,000 deaths a year in 2014 and since then has been trending upward.2 Due to an aging population and a dramatic rise in obesity over the past 25 years, the prevalence of CVD in the US is expected to increase by 10% between 2010 and 2030.3 Cardiovascular disease is a broad term that includes coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular …

The Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Nwanneka Dike

Physician Assistant Capstones

Bariatric surgery including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and adjustable gastric band may play a role in glycemic control by improving insulin secretion and sensitivity, specifically through improvement in the main incretin hormones known as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP). These surgical interventions have been shown to provide effective long-term treatment for patients by providing durable weight loss, improving obesity-related comorbidities and fostering better health outcomes.

Achieving glycosylated hemoglobin levels below 7% can be very challenging in obese diabetic patients. Therefore, the effect of bariatric surgery compared to standard medical therapy alone in attaining this goal and …

Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis, Comparing Treatment Of Oral Bisphosphonates To Denosumab, Marissa Cadena

Physician Assistant Capstones

For postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, initiating treatment is vital to increasing bone mineral density and avoiding bone fragility, which can lead to fractures. Long-term treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with bisphosphonates increases bone mineral density. Even though oral bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed medication for osteoporosis, a majority of postmenopausal women discontinue bisphosphonate therapy within the first year of treatment due to cost, dose schedules, and side effects, thus, causing poor drug adherence. Evaluation of pharmaceutical treatments for newly diagnosed osteoporosis in postmenopausal women requires comparison of oral bisphosphonates to denosumab in order to assess which pharmacological treatment …

Knee Osteoarthritis: Efficacy Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Are Non-Inferior To Conventional Joint Injection Treatments, John Riley Clark

Physician Assistant Capstones

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising treatment of OA, particularly in large joints. For the treatment of knee OA PRP is non-inferior to the traditional methods, in improving function, pain, and ADLs. PRP is promising due to its autologous nature and appeal with the ever-increasing push for holistic or “natural” options in therapeutics. The patient will utilize properties of their own body to bolster an anti-inflammatory response and potentially improve the function of the knee cartilage. Although it requires fluid collection from a patient and processing which may be slightly time intensive, it offers an alternative to synthetic …

The Effect Of Meat Vs Non-Meat Diets On Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Including Hypertension, Diabetes, And Obesity, Alyssa Coleman

Physician Assistant Capstones

Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, family history, gender, and obesity are all well-established cardiovascular disease risk factors. Advancements are being made to investigate the role of diet as a modifiable risk factor, and to determine if adults who consume meat compared to those who do not consume meat are at higher risk for hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, thus increasing their cardiovascular disease risk. Because animal protein is ubiquitous in the modern diet, it is imperative that determinations are made in regard to either its benefits or its contribution to the burden of chronic disease. The clinical application of this research is to …

The Consequences Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Health And Implications For The Future, Alison Dutton

Physician Assistant Capstones

One of the most significant aspects of healthcare that is interwoven among complaints and their management, no matter the specialty, is mental health. The full spectrum and severity of mental health conditions is important, but one area that every member of society can relate to is stress. The mere existence of being a human confounded with the everyday demands of society creates a recipe for people of all ages and backgrounds to feel stress and anxiety at some point in their lives. Stress can evolve from an individual’s family dynamic, demands of one’s profession, societal position, sexuality, among many other …

Field-Directed Therapy Options For Diffuse Actinic Keratoses, Sylwia Anna Cachro

Physician Assistant Capstones

In recent years, climate change has rapidly become an international focus and with it, its economic and environmental consequences. Less attention has been given to its effect on human health. A byproduct of climate change includes higher levels of ultraviolet or UV light exposure.1 UV light has long been associated with the development of skin cancer and pre-cancerous lesions known as actinic keratoses or solar keratoses.1 Given these changes, providers will begin to see more malignant or pre-malignant skin lesions on their patients and will need to confidently determine the best course of treatment for them. What constitutes good treatment? …

Are Prescription Opioids Increasing The Addictive Behavior And Death Rate In The United States Over The Last 20 Years?, Armeghan Bagherpour

Physician Assistant Capstones

The United States is in an opioid crisis. Of all the opioids that are marketed in the United States the most popular is Oxycontin, containing the active ingredient oxycodone, the chemical equiv-alent of heroin which is more powerful than morphine. Along with heroin and fentanyl, Oxy-contin has become one of the great killers of this era. It is estimated that in 2016 there were over 20,000 overdose deaths related to prescription pain relievers, as opposed to 12,990 over-dose deaths related to heroin in 2015. The state of West Virginia has been the one that has suf-fered the most. The rate …

In Patients Presenting To The Emergency Department With Atrial Fibrillation With Rapid Ventricular Response, Are Calcium Channel Blockers More Effective Than Beta-Blockers For Acute Management Of Rate Control?, Jennifer Dang

Physician Assistant Capstones

The evidence on the efficacy of nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) compared to beta-blockers (BBs) for acute atrial fibrillation (AF) rate control in the emergency department setting was examined. Twelve studies were relevant and revealed that CCBs, specifically diltiazem, were superior to BBs because of their rapid onset of action and the lower number of doses they required to sustain ventricular rate control compared to BBs. However, given the small sample sizes in these studies and the limited number of randomized, double-blinded trials, more research is needed to increase the generalizability and to confirm the significance of these findings.

Advancements In The Treatment For Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, R. Todd Budenz

Physician Assistant Capstones

In the United States, between the years 2011 and 2015, 42,490 cases of classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) were reported, and 5,585 people died.1 While the response rate to initial treatment leading to remission for those diagnosed with cHL has increased, a portion of patients with remitting or refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma (RRHL) continue to require attention. Currently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates a 5-year survival rate for those with Hodgkin lymphoma of 83.5%, leaving 16.5% either in relapse or remitting disease.1 As research surrounding the treatment of cHL increases, there has been an emergence of utilizing novel treatments …

Efficacy Of Placebo Analgesia Treatment In The Management Of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Compared To Opioids A Review, Robert Hill

Physician Assistant Capstones

Little is known regarding how the use of placebo analgesia compares to opioids affect long-term treatment efficacy in patients with chronic non-cancer pain over the first two years of treatment. To best answer this question, one must understand the transition from acute to chronic pain along nociceptive signaling pathways. This literature review aims to describe the major nociceptive signaling pathways involved in opioid and placebo analgesia and to discuss how placebo treatment affects chronic pain undergoing central sensitization. It will also review the current understanding of placebo effect and discuss the effects of dose-extending placebo use of opioid tolerance.