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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Increasing The Stability And Applications Of Highly Active Naturally Occurring Antimicrobial Peptides, Wayne Travers
Increasing The Stability And Applications Of Highly Active Naturally Occurring Antimicrobial Peptides, Wayne Travers
Doctoral
Antimicrobial Resistance is a fundamental threat to global health and safety” (WHO, 2016). Nisin, a 34 amino acid lanthipeptide, is currently used as a food preservative worldwide and has been used for decades without significant bacterial resistance having developed. It is an extremely active molecule which kills a range of different bacterial species. However nisin, along with some other similar peptides, suffers from low stability and solubility at physiological pH, which severely restricts its possible use in human and veterinary medicine. This research is concerned with increasing the stability of nisin in physiological pH systems; the stability of the dehydroalanine …
Innovative Nanomaterial Approaches For Solar Energy Applications, James Walshe
Innovative Nanomaterial Approaches For Solar Energy Applications, James Walshe
Doctoral
The fundamental limitation of the conversion efficiency achievable with solar energy solutions (which includes photovoltaic and photothermal technology), requires the adaptation and integration of a series of innovative material strategies to continue the process of sustainably decarbonizing the global economy. Through the passive integration of additional nanoscale features which exploit and modify the solar spectrum through its interactions with luminescent molecules, metal nanoparticles, and/or thin-film optical coatings – the solar spectrum can be modulated and accordingly the collection efficiency of each respective technology enhanced. However, irrespective of the type of spectral conversion integrated into the technology (luminescent down-shifting, nanofluids, plasmonic …
Novel Therapeutic Approaches To Treat Brain Cancer Combining Cold Atmospheric Plasma, Therapeutic Prodrugs And Gold Nanoparticles, Zhonglei He
Doctoral
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) makes up approximately 45% of all primary brain tumours. State of the art treatment at present involves concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) with radical radiotherapy which extends median survival from 12.1 months (radical radiotherapy alone) to 14.6 months according to the study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Brain Tumour and Radiotherapy Groups and the National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCIC) Clinical Trials Group. Meanwhile, National Cancer Registry Ireland presented that GBM represents over 40% of all malignant brain tumours and had the worst five-year net survival (4%) compared to overall malignant …
Raman Microspectroscopy For The Discrimination Of Thyroid And Lung Cancer Subtypes For Application In Clinical Cytopathology, Declan O'Dea
Raman Microspectroscopy For The Discrimination Of Thyroid And Lung Cancer Subtypes For Application In Clinical Cytopathology, Declan O'Dea
Doctoral
The branch of cytology known as cytopathology, studies and diagnoses diseases at a cellular level, and is a useful method for detecting cancer. The procedures used to attain cytological samples for diagnostic purposes, such as aspiration and exfoliative methods are safe, accurate and cost-effective. Histochemical and immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques are commonly applied to cytological samples to aid cancer diagnosis, however multiple limitations occur using these methods for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the prominent diagnostic method used for the initial investigation of thyroid nodules but is limited …
Macular Pigment And Diabetes Mellitus, Grainne Scanlon
Macular Pigment And Diabetes Mellitus, Grainne Scanlon
Doctoral
The macula is a specialised part of the retina responsible for detailed central and colour vision. The carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin are uniquely concentrated in the inner and central layers of the primate macula, where they are collectively known as macular pigment (MP). Macular pigment confers potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the eye. Many studies have suggested that these carotenoids are lower in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and that increased levels of MP may confer protection against AMD, especially the late form of the disease. Research is now beginning to focus on MP optical density (MPOD) and carotenoid …
A Hybrid Agent-Based And Equation Based Epidemiological Model For The Spread Of Infectious Diseases, Elizabeth Hunter
A Hybrid Agent-Based And Equation Based Epidemiological Model For The Spread Of Infectious Diseases, Elizabeth Hunter
Doctoral
Infectious disease models are essential in understanding how an outbreak might occur and how best to mitigate an outbreak. One of the most important factors in modelling a disease is choosing an appropriate model and determining the assump tions needed to create the model. The main research questions this thesis addresses are how do we create a model for the spread of infectious diseases that captures heterogeneous agents without using an inordinate amount of computing power and how can we use that model to plan for future infectious disease outbreaks. We start our work by analysing and comparing equation based …
Investigation And Management Of Demodex Folliculorum Blepharitis In Clinical Practice, Orla Murphy
Investigation And Management Of Demodex Folliculorum Blepharitis In Clinical Practice, Orla Murphy
Doctoral
Introduction: Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the eyelid margin. Blepharitis patients routinely present to and are managed by optometrists and ophthalmologists in practice. Demodex folliculorum is associated with anterior blepharitis. Presently, treatment with 50% tea tree oil is recommended by the American Academy of Ophthalmology for Demodex blepharitis. However, over-the-counter products have been developed and marketed at being effective for treating Demodex blepharitis. Purpose: To examine the efficacy of over-the-counter lid hygiene products and warm compress therapy for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. Methods: Two hundred and forty-six participants were examined at multiple visits over four studies, for …
An Investigation Into The Application Of Raman Spectroscopy For Cervical Cancer Screening, Damien Traynor
An Investigation Into The Application Of Raman Spectroscopy For Cervical Cancer Screening, Damien Traynor
Doctoral
aman spectroscopy is a powerful tool that has the potential to be, used for cervical cancer screening. It is a label-free, low-cost method providing a biochemical fingerprint of a given sample. The objective of this thesis was to address issues associated with the application of Raman spectroscopy for cervical cancer screening and to demonstrate the potential for triage of HPV positive cases. The first study investigated hormonal effects due to the menstrual cycle, the use of hormone- based contraceptives (HC) and the onset of menopause on Raman spectra of cervical cells and determined if these changes would affect the ability …