Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Global Connectivity And Function Of Descending Spinal Input Revealed By 3d Microscopy And Retrograde Transduction, Zimei Wang, Brian Maunze, Yunfang Wang, Pantelis Tsoulfas, Murray G. Blackmore

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The brain communicates with the spinal cord through numerous axon tracts that arise from discrete nuclei, transmit distinct functions, and often collateralize to facilitate the coordination of descending commands. This complexity presents a major challenge to interpreting functional outcomes from therapies that target supraspinal connectivity after injury or disease, while the wide distribution of supraspinal nuclei complicates the delivery of therapeutics. Here we harness retrograde viral vectors to overcome these challenges. We demonstrate that injection of AAV2-Retro to the cervical spinal cord of adult female mice results in highly efficient transduction of supraspinal populations throughout the brainstem, midbrain, and cortex. …

Identifying Trippers And Non-Trippers Based On Knee Kinematics During Obstacle-Free Walking, Lauren C. Benson, Stephen C. Cobb, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Kevin G. Keenan, Jake Luo, Kristian M. O'Connor

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Trips are a major cause of falls. Sagittal-plane kinematics affect clearance between the foot and obstacles, however, it is unclear which kinematic measures during obstacle-free walking are associated with avoiding a trip when encountering an obstacle. The purpose of this study was to determine kinematic factors during obstacle-free walking that are related to obstacle avoidance ability. It was expected that successful obstacle avoidance would be associated with greater peak flexion/dorsiflexion and range of motion (ROM), and differences in timing of peak flexion/dorsiflexion during swing of obstacle-free walking for the hip, knee and ankle. Three-dimensional kinematics were recorded as 35 participants …

Adenosquamous Carcinoma Of The Tongue, Yeshwant B. Rawal, Kenneth M. Anderson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A 51-year-old white female presented with a painful ulcer of the left ventrolateral tongue. An incisional biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma. The adenosquamous carcinoma is an uncommon malignant tumor with histopathological features of a squamous carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma. A definitive diagnosis requires histopathological examination of a deep biopsy involving the submucosal tissue. This malignant tumor shows aggressive behavior with early invasive growth and a poor prognosis. The histopathological findings and differential diagnosis of a case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the tongue are discussed.

Depression, Positive Thinking, Personal And Social Resourcefulness Among Caregivers Of Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Abir K. Bekhet, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Patient Safety Incentives For Residents: A Slippery Slope Or Reinforcement Of Desirable Behavior?, Kathryn Rapala

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In a study of error reporting in the care of Medicare beneficiaries, the US Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General found that only 14% of patient safety events were reported.¹ A multicenter study found that 44.6% of residents were uncomfortable reporting diagnostic errors, possibly related to fear of repercussions and issues with the reporting system, among other factors.² A key question at the intersection of graduate medical education and patient safety is how to encourage resident and fellow error reporting.

The intervention described in the article, “Improving Resident and Fellow Engagement in Patient Safety …

Promoting Team-Based Exercise Among African American Breast Cancer Survivors, Linda B. Piacentine, Karen Marie Robinson, Leslie J. Waltke, Judy A. Tjoe, Alexander V. Ng

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Physical activity benefits the health and well-being of breast cancer survivors (BCS). Yet, many African American survivors do not routinely exercise and have increased risk of poor outcomes. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to identify motivational factors compelling African American BCS to participate in a 14-week team walking program and to intend to continue exercise after the intervention concluded. Focus groups were held with participants (n = 12) before and after training. Content analysis discovered themes before the intervention: Not wanting to go at it alone, exercise not a life or treatment priority, cancer treatment affected activity, …

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Interventions: Eight Vital Parameters, Jaclene A. Zauszniewski, Abir K. Bekhet, Kayla Herbell

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background It is critically important to determine the effectiveness of an intervention before it can be translated into clinical practice. However, the future implementation and sustainability of the intervention may be diminished if other intervention parameters are not assessed. This requires obtaining feedback from intervention recipients so interventions will be perceived as appealing, relevant, meaningful and beneficial to them; otherwise recipients may be unlikely to perform them over time, resulting in unsuccessful health outcomes.

Aim To propose the addition of two intervention parameters to the existing six-parameter model and provide examples from recent research of how each parameter can be …

Impending Total Airway Collapse Involving A Maxillary Removable Partial Denture: A Clinical Report, Georgios Maroulakos, Stylianos Voulgarelis

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This article presents a rare incident of a bilateral maxillary removable partial denture as an airway foreign body. The removable partial denture and the surrounding soft tissue irritation caused partial obstruction of the airway. Impending airway collapse was avoided after successful removal of the foreign body. Removing a removable dental prostheses at night, not only to prevent soft tissue pathology but also to avoid ingestion or aspiration of the prosthesis, must be emphasized.

Dissociation Between Cervical Mucus And Urinary Hormones During The Postpartum Return Of Fertility In Breastfeeding Women, Thomas Bouchard, Len Blackwell, Simon Brown, Richard Fehring, Suzanne Parenteau-Carreau

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Identifying the return of fertility with cervical mucus observations is challenging during the postpartum period. Use of urinary measurements of estrogen and progesterone can assist in understanding the return to fertility during this period. The purposes of this study were to describe the postpartum return of fertility by an analysis of total estrogen (TE) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) profiles and to correlate these profiles with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six participants collected urine samples during the postpartum period and recorded mucus scores. TE and PDG hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. During amenorrhea, mucus reflected TE changes in only …

The State Of The Science Of Natural Family Planning Fifty Years After Humane Vitae: A Report From Nfp Scientists’ Meeting Held At The Us Conference Of Catholic Bishops, April 4, 2018, Michael D. Manhart, Richard Fehring

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

A one-day meeting of physicians, professional nurses, and scientists actively involved in Natural Family Planning (NFP) research was held to review the state of the science of NFP and consider future priorities. The meeting had four objectives: (i) determine the gaps in research evidence for secure methods of NFP among women of all reproductive categories, (ii) determine the gaps in the research and development of new technology for providing NFP services, (iii) determine the gaps in the research that determine the benefits and challenges with use of NFP among married couples, and (iv) provide prioritized ideas for future research needs …

The Catholic Medical Association And Humanae Vitae: On The Fiftieth Anniversary Of The Encyclical, Kathleen Raviele, Richard Fehring, Janet Smith

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

A Framework For Integrating Oncology Palliative Care In Doctor Of Nursing Practice (Dnp) Education, Laura Fennimore, Dorothy Wholihan, Susan Breakwell, Rose Virani, Betty Ferrell

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) faculty play a critical role in preparing students to meet the complex needs of the nation as the number of cancer rates and survivors rise (National Cancer Institute, 2018) and as an unprecedented number of older Americans enter into the healthcare system with complicated comorbidities (Whitehead, 2016). Palliative care has dramatically expanded over the past decade and has been increasingly accepted as a standard of care for people with cancer and other serious, chronic, or life-limiting illnesses. Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) are recognized as important providers of palliative care (Walling et al., 2017). A …

Developmental Chromatin Restriction Of Pro‐Growth Gene Networks Acts As An Epigenetic Barrier To Axon Regeneration In Cortical Neurons, Ishwariya Venkatesh, Vatsal Mehra, Zimei Wang, Ben Califf, Murray G. Blackmore

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Axon regeneration in the central nervous system is prevented in part by a developmental decline in the intrinsic regenerative ability of maturing neurons. This loss of axon growth ability likely reflects widespread changes in gene expression, but the mechanisms that drive this shift remain unclear. Chromatin accessibility has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism in other cellular contexts, raising the possibility that chromatin structure may contribute to the age‐dependent loss of regenerative potential. Here we establish an integrated bioinformatic pipeline that combines analysis of developmentally dynamic gene networks with transcription factor regulation and genome‐wide maps of chromatin accessibility. When applied …

Using Enamel Matrix Derivative To Improve Treatment Efficacy In Periodontal Furcation Defects, Reza Masaeli, Kavosh Zandsalimi, Zahra Lotfi, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

Furcations are complicated periodontal defects. Untreated furcations lead to loss of the involved teeth and supporting tissues. It has been demonstrated that regenerative biomaterials are beneficial in reconstruction of the bone surrounding furcation‐affected teeth. These biomaterials range from bone grafts and nonresorbable/resorbable barrier membranes to biologics that are able to trigger inactive regenerative processes in periodontal tissues. Selection of appropriate material(s) to treat furcations is challenging. The aim of this article is to provide a comparative outlook on different biomaterials applicable in regeneration of furcations with a focus on enamel matrix derivative (EMD).

Methods

Scientific databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, …

Swallow Strength Training Exercise For Elderly: A Health Maintenance Need, D. Agrawal, Mark Kern, F. Edeani, Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Patrick Sanvanson, Rita Shaker

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Recent studies have shown high prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia associated with frailty‐ and age‐related muscle weakness. Strength training exercises have been advocated for locomotive health maintenance in the elderly and have shown positive outcomes. As muscles involved in oropharyngeal phase of swallowing are also comprised of striated muscles, the aim of this study was to determine biomechanical effect of a novel resistance exercise program, Swallowing Against Laryngeal Restriction (SALR), on pharyngeal phase swallowing in the healthy elderly. Methods: A total of 28 volunteers (75 + 7 years; 17 females) with no complaint of dysphagia were studied using video fluoroscopy …

Experience Of Robotic Exoskeleton Use At Four Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Centers, Allen W. Heinemann, Arun Jayaraman, Chaithanya K. Mummidisetty, Jamal Spraggins, Daniel Pinto, Susan Charlifue, Candy Tefertiller, Heather B. Taylor, Shuo-Hsiu Chang, Argyrios Stampas, Catherine L. Furbish, Edelle C. Field-Fote

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background and Purpose: Refinement of robotic exoskeletons for overground walking is progressing rapidly. We describe clinicians' experiences, evaluations, and training strategies using robotic exoskeletons in spinal cord injury rehabilitation and wellness settings and describe clinicians' perceptions of exoskeleton benefits and risks and developments that would enhance utility.

Methods: We convened focus groups at 4 spinal cord injury model system centers. A court reporter took verbatim notes and provided a transcript. Research staff used a thematic coding approach to summarize discussions.

Results: Thirty clinicians participated in focus groups. They reported using exoskeletons primarily in outpatient and wellness settings; 1 center used …

An Emancipatory Approach To Cultural Competency: The Application Of Critical Race, Postcolonial, And Intersectionality Theories, Linda M. Wesp, Victoria Scheer, Ashley Ruiz, Kimberly Walker, Jennifer Weitzel, Leslie Shaw, Peninnah M. Kako, Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Nurses teach, work, and conduct research in an increasingly hostile sociopolitical climate where health inequities persist among marginalized communities. Current approaches to cultural competency do not adequately equip nurses to address these complex factors and risk perpetuating stereotypes and discrimination. A theory-driven emancipatory approach to cultural competency will instead lead to lasting change and uphold the core nursing value of commitment to social justice. This article explicates key tenets of critical race, postcolonial feminist, and intersectionality theories and then applies them, using an emancipatory approach to cultural competency that can reshape nursing education, research, and practice.

Locomotor Adaptations To Prolonged Step-By-Step Frontal Plane Trunk Perturbations In Young Adults, Eric R. Walker, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Tanya Onushko, Brian D. Schmit

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to quantify the magnitude and time course of dynamic balance control adaptations to prolonged step-by-step frontal plane forces applied to the trunk during walking. Healthy young participants (n = 10, 5 female) walked on an instrumented split-belt treadmill while an external cable-driven device applied frontal plane forces to the trunk. Two types of forces were applied: 1) forces which accentuated COM movement in the frontal plane (destabilizing) and 2) forces which resisted COM movement in the frontal plane (stabilizing). We quantified dynamic balance control using frontal plane measures of (1) the extent of center …

Lean Mass Mediates The Relation Between Temporal Summation Of Pain And Sex In Young Healthy Adults, Abdulaziz Awali, Ali Alsouhibani, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Previous studies have shown that women experience greater temporal summation (TS) of pain than men using a repetitive thermal stimulus. These studies, however, did not individualize the thermal stimulus to each subject’s thermal pain sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in TS using an individualized protocol and potential mediators that have been shown to influence TS including physical activity and body composition.

Methods

Fifty young healthy men and women (21 men) participated in the study. Subjects completed TS testing on the right forearm using a repetitive thermal stimulus at a temperature that the subject …

Management Of Cervical Root Fracture Injury In A Patient With Epilepsy: Case Report With 5-Year Follow-Up, Elif Ataol, Gizem Erbaş Ünverdi, H. Cem Güngör

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The difficulty in providing stability to the coronal segment makes cervical root fracture one of the most challenging dental traumatic injury. This type of injury is less frequent in children. However, due to their serious consequences and poor prognosis, tooth loss may occur. This report presents the management of a case of cervical root fracture in an 11-year-old patient with epilepsy. The stabilization of the root-fractured tooth with a splint failed due to the recurrent seizures the patient had. Coronal fragment was removed and vital root submergence was performed in order to support the alveolar growth. The natural tooth crown …

Exercise-Induced Pain And Analgesia? Underlying Mechanisms And Clinical Translation, Kathleen A. Sluka, Laura Frey-Law, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Play: A Pediatric Role In Enhancing Development In Young Children, Michael Yogman, Andrew Garner, Jeffrey Hutchinson, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, Virginia Keane, Rebecca Baum, Thresia Gambon, Arthur Lavin, Gerri Mattson, Lawrence Wissow, Sahron Berry, Amy Starin, Edward Christopherson, Abigail Schlesinger, Karen S. Smith, David L. Hill, Nusheen Ameenuddin, Yolanda Reid Ghassiakos, Corinn Cross, Rhea Boyd, Robert Mendelson, Megan A. Moreno, Wendy Sue Swanson, Justin Smith, Kristopher Kaliebe, Jennifer Pomeranz, Brian Wilcox, Thomas Mcpheron

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Children need to develop a variety of skill sets to optimize their development and manage toxic stress. Research demonstrates that developmentally appropriate play with parents and peers is a singular opportunity to promote the social-emotional, cognitive, language, and self-regulation skills that build executive function and a prosocial brain. Furthermore, play supports the formation of the safe, stable, and nurturing relationships with all caregivers that children need to thrive.

Aligning Evidence-Based Practice With Translational Research: Opportunities For Clinical Practice Research, Marianne E. Weiss, Kathleen L. Bobay, Meg Johantgen, Maria Shirey

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Magnet(R) and other organizations investing resources in evidence-based practice (EBP) are ideal laboratories for translational nursing research. Translational research, the study of implementation of evidence into practice, provides a unique opportunity to leverage local EBP work for maximum impact. Aligning EBP projects with rigorous translational research can efficiently meet both EBP and research requirements for Magnet designation or redesignation, inform clinical practice, and place organizations at the leading edge of practice-based knowledge development for the nursing discipline.

Response To ‘Aspih Standards For Simulation-Based Education: Process Of Consultation, Design And Implementation’, Kristina Dreifuerst, Teresa Gore, Bette Mariani

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Patients’ Perspectives On Engaging In Their Healthcare While Hospitalized, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Jennifer Jean Dahlman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aims and objectives

To examine patients’ experiences and preferences for engaging in their healthcare while hospitalised.

Background

Promoting patient engagement or involvement in healthcare has become an important component of contemporary, consumer‐oriented approaches to quality care. Previous research on patient engagement highlights that preferences for engagement are not assessed while hospitalised, leading to patient role confusion and frustration.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with patients from January–March 2017 to examine their experiences and preferences for engaging in their care while hospitalised on medical‐surgical units in the United States. Inductive thematic analysis was used to uncover the themes from the interview …

In Vitro Effect Of Graphene Structures As An Osteoinductive Factor In Bone Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review, Dorsa Mohammadrezaei, Hossein Golzar, Maryam Rezai Rad, Meisam Omidi, Hamid Rashedi, Fatemeh Yazdian, Arash Khojasteh, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Graphene and its derivatives have been well‐known as influential factors in differentiating stem/progenitor cells toward the osteoblastic lineage. However, there have been many controversies in the literature regarding the parameters effect on bone regeneration, including graphene concentration, size, type, dimension, hydrophilicity, functionalization, and composition. This study attempts to produce a comprehensive review regarding the given parameters and their effects on stimulating cell behaviors such as proliferation, viability, attachment and osteogenic differentiation. In this study, a systematic search of MEDLINE database was conducted for in vitro studies on the use of graphene and its derivatives for bone tissue engineering from January …

In Reply, Yeshwant B. Rawal, Joshua S. Brandner, Louis J. Kim, Jasjit K. Dillon

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Phase-Iii, Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Behavioral Intervention For Increasing Physical Activity In Multiple Sclerosis: Project Bipams, Robert W. Motl, Brian M. Sandroff, Brooks C. Wingo, Justin Mccroskey, Lara A. Pilutti, Gary R. Cutter, Rachel Bollaert, Edward Mcauley

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

We propose a phase-III, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that examines the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention based on social cognitive theory (SCT) and delivered through the Internet using e-learning approaches for increasing physical activity and secondary outcomes (e.g., symptoms) in a large sample of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) residing throughout the United States.

Methods/design

The proposed phase-III trial will use a parallel group, RCT design that examines the effect of a 6-month behavioral intervention for increasing physical activity and secondarily improving mobility, cognition, symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) in persons with MS. The primary outcome is accelerometer-measured …

Current Medical Research: Summer/Fall 2017, Richard Fehring, Mary Lee Barron

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

This issue of Current Medical Research (CMR) includes studies that provide evidence that use of natural family planning (NFP) can be helpful for subfertile couples wishing to achieve a pregnancy, the effectiveness of a method of NFP during breastfeeding, and the effects of using NFP on marital relationships. This review also includes evidence on predicting the sex of a baby by timing intercourse, evidence that brain injuries can be reflected in changes in the menstrual cycle, and that women prefer methods of family planning that have no side effects. The issue ends with an in-depth review of new technologies that …

Moral Distress In Critical Care Nursing: The State Of The Science, Natalie S. Mcandrew, Jane Leske, Kathryn Schroeter

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background:

Moral distress is a complex phenomenon frequently experienced by critical care nurses. Ethical conflicts in this practice area are related to technological advancement, high intensity work environments, and end-of-life decisions.

Objectives:

An exploration of contemporary moral distress literature was undertaken to determine measurement, contributing factors, impact, and interventions.

Review Methods:

This state of the science review focused on moral distress research in critical care nursing from 2009 to 2015, and included 12 qualitative, 24 quantitative, and 6 mixed methods studies.

Results:

Synthesis of the scientific literature revealed inconsistencies in measurement, conflicting findings of moral distress and nurse demographics, problems …