Clinical Update For Physical Therapists: Coagulopathy And Covid-19, Kathleen M. Lukaszewicz, Ellen Hillegass, Michael Puthoff, A. Kate Macphedran

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Physical therapists have a unique role in both prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) through the promotion of early mobility and physical activity and diagnosis through discovery of signs and symptoms of VTE. This Perspective updates clinicians on the latest information regarding pathophysiology of coagulopathy associated with COVID-19 and applies VTE clinical practice guidelines to COVID-19 in order to provide guidance on physical therapist management.

Ampakines Stimulate Phrenic Motor Output After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury, L. B. Wollman, Kristi A. Streeter, A. F. Fusco, E. J. Gonzalez-Rothi, M. S. Sandhu, J. J. Greer, D. D. Fuller

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Activation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors increases phrenic motor output. Ampakines are a class of drugs that are positive allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors. We hypothesized that 1) ampakines can stimulate phrenic activity after incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (SCI), and 2) pairing ampakines with brief hypoxia could enable sustained facilitation of phrenic bursting. Phrenic activity was recorded ipsilateral (IL) and contralateral (CL) to C2 spinal cord hemisection (C2Hx) in anesthetized adult rats. Two weeks after C2Hx, ampakine CX717 (15 mg/kg, i.v.) increased IL (61 ± 46% baseline, BL) and CL burst amplitude (47 ± 26%BL) in 8 of 8 …

Two Weeks Of Remote Ischemic Conditioning Improves Brachial Artery Flow Mediated Dilation In Chronic Stroke Survivors, Allison Hyngstrom, Jennifer Nguyen, Michael Wright, Sergey Tarima, Brian Schmit, David D. Gutterman, Matthew J. Durand

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Many stroke survivors have reduced cardiorespiratory fitness as a result of their stroke. Ischemic conditioning (IC) is a noninvasive, cost-effective, easy-to-administer intervention that can be performed at home and has been shown to improve both motor function in stroke survivors and vascular endothelial function in healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the effects of 2 wk of remote IC (RIC) on brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) in chronic stroke survivors. We hypothesized that FMD would be improved following RIC compared with a sham RIC control group. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled study. Twenty-four chronic stroke survivors …

A Discrete-Choice Experiment To Assess Patients’ Preferences For Osteoarthritis Treatment: An Esceo Working Group, Mickael Hiligsmann, Elaine Dennison, Charlotte Beaudart, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont, Jaime Branco, Olivier Bruyère, Philip G. Conaghan, Cyrus Cooper, Nasser Al-Daghri, Famida Jiwa, Willem Lems, Daniel Pinto, René Rizzoli, Thierry Thomas, Daniel Uebelhart, Nicolas Veronese, Jean-Yves Reginster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To evaluate the preferences of patients with osteoarthritis for treatment.

Methods

A discrete-choice experiment was conducted among adult OA patients who were presented with 12 choice sets of two treatment options and asked in each to select the treatment they would prefer. Based on literature reviews, expert consultation, patient survey and expert meeting, treatment options were characterized by seven attributes: improvement in pain, improvement in walking, ability to manage domestic activities, ability to manage social activities, improvement in overall energy and well-being, risk of moderate/severe side effects and impact on disease progression. Random parameters logit model was used to …

Direct Healthcare Costs Associated With Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis At A Single Center, Amit Thakral, Daniel Pinto, Michael Miller, Megan L. Curran, Marisa Klein-Gitelman, Dustin D. French

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common disease in pediatric rheumatology. The management of oligoarticular JIA can result in a considerable economic burden. This study is a four-year, retrospective cost identification analysis performed to determine the annual direct cost of care for patients with oligoarticular JIA and possible predictive clinical factors. Direct healthcare costs were defined as those associated with office visits, laboratory studies, hospital admissions, joint injections, medications, infusions, radiology tests, and emergency room visits. Disease characteristics and patient information included ANA status, gender, age at diagnosis, duration from diagnosis to initial visit during the study period, and …

Temporal Aspects Of Endogenous Pain Modulation During A Noxious Stimulus Prolonged For 1 Day, Marie K. Hoeger Bement, Kristian K. Petersen, Line B. Sørensen, Hjalte H. Andersen, Thomas Graven-Nielsen

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

This study investigated (a) if a prolonged noxious stimulus (24‐hr topical capsaicin) in healthy adults would impair central pain inhibitory and facilitatory systems measured as a reduction in conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and enhancement of temporal summation of pain (TSP) and (b) if acute pain relief or exacerbation (cooling and heating the capsaicin patch) during the prolonged noxious stimulus would affect central pain modulation.

Methods

Twenty‐eight participants (26.2 ± 1.0 years; 12 women) wore a transdermal 8% capsaicin patch on the forearm for 24 hr. Data were collected at baseline (Day 0), 1 hr, 3 hr, Day 1 (post‐capsaicin …

Energy Cost Of Slow And Normal Gait Speeds In Low And Normally Functioning Adults, Taylor W. Rowley, Chi Cho, Ann M. Swartz, John Staudenmayer, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Kevin G. Keenan, Whitney A. Welch, Scott J. Strath

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Slow walking speed paired with increased energy cost is a strong predictor for mortality and disability in older adults but has yet to be examined in a heterogeneous sample (ie, age, sex, disease status). The aim of this study was to examine energy cost of slow and normal walking speeds among low- and normal-functioning adults.

Design

Adults aged 20–90 yrs were recruited for this study. Participants completed a 10-m functional walk test at a self-selected normal walking speed and were categorized as low functioning or normal functioning based on expected age- and sex-adjusted average gait speed. Participants completed two …

Practical Guidance For Engaging Patients In Health Research, Treatment Guidelines And Regulatory Processes: Results Of An Expert Group Meeting Organized By The World Health Organization (Who) And The European Society For Clinical And Economic Aspects Of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis And Musculoskeletal Diseases (Esceo), Maarten De Wit, Cyrus Cooper, Peter Tugwell, Nathalie Bere, John Kirwan, Philip G. Conaghan, Charlotte Roberts, Isabelle Aujoulat, Nasser Al-Daghri, Islene Arajujo De Carvalho, Mary Barker, Nicola Bedlington, Maria Luisa Brandi, Olivier Bruyère, Nansa Burlett, Philippe Halbout, Mickaël Hiligsmann, Famida Jiwa, John A. Kanis, Andrea Laslop, Wendy Lawrence, Daniel Pinto, Concepción Prieto Yerro, Véronique Rabenda, René Rizzoli, Marieke Scholte-Voshaar, Mila Vlaskovska, Jean-Yves Reginster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

There is increasing emphasis on patient-centred research to support the development, approval and reimbursement of health interventions that best meet patients’ needs. However, there is currently little guidance on how meaningful patient engagement may be achieved. An expert working group, representing a wide range of stakeholders and disciplines, was convened by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Through a structured, collaborative process the group generated practical guidance to facilitate optimal patient engagement in clinical development and regulatory decisions. Patient engagement is a relational process. The …

Practical Guidance For Engaging Patients In Health Research, Treatment Guidelines And Regulatory Processes: Results Of An Expert Group Meeting Organized By The World Health Organization (Who) And The European Society For Clinical And Economic Aspects Of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis And Musculoskeletal Diseases (Esceo), Maarten De Wit, Cyrus Cooper, Peter Tugwell, Nathalie Bere, John Kirwan, Philip G. Conaghan, Charlotte Roberts, Isabelle Aujoulat, Nasser Al-Daghri, Islene Arajujo De Carvalho, Mary Barker, Nicola Bedlington, Maria Luisa Brandi, Olivier Bruyère, Nansa Burlett, Philippe Halbout, Mickaël Hiligsmann, Famida Jiwa, John A. Kanis, Andrea Laslop, Wendy Lawrence, Daniel Pinto, Concepción Prieto Yerro, Véronique Rabenda, René Rizzoli, Marieke Scholte-Voshaar, Mila Vlaskovska, Jean-Yves Reginster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

There is increasing emphasis on patient-centred research to support the development, approval and reimbursement of health interventions that best meet patients’ needs. However, there is currently little guidance on how meaningful patient engagement may be achieved. An expert working group, representing a wide range of stakeholders and disciplines, was convened by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Through a structured, collaborative process the group generated practical guidance to facilitate optimal patient engagement in clinical development and regulatory decisions. Patient engagement is a relational process. The …

Does Weight Status Impact Metabolic Health In Adolescents When Controlling For Physical Fitness?, Stacy Stolzman, Joseph Skelton, April L. Harkins, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

To determines whether adolescents who are fit with overweight/obesity are similar in their metabolic profile to adolescents who are fit and normal weight.

Methods:

Adolescents participated in 3 sessions: (1) resting vitals and anthropometrics; (2) maximal aerobic treadmill test () to determine physical fitness; and (3) dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and fasting laboratory draw for analysis of insulin, glucose, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein.

Results:

Of the 30 fit adolescents who are normal weight and 16 adolescents who are fit and overweight/obese (OW/OB), metabolic syndrome was apparent in 1 adolescent who are normal weight and 4 adolescents who are …

The Effect Of A Portable Electrical Muscle Stimulation Device At Home On Muscle Strength And Activation Patterns In Locomotive Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Control Trial, Yuichi Nishikawa, Kohei Watanabe, Shuhei Kawade, Tetsuya Takahashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Hirofumi Maruyama, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The aim of the present study was to quantify the effect of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) intervention using a portable device on muscle strength and activation patterns in locomotive syndrome. Nineteen women were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 10; age = 71–82 years) and control group (n = 9; age = 70–84 years). Participants in the intervention group used a portable EMS device to stimulate the bilateral quadriceps muscles for 8 weeks (23 min/5 days/week). To understand the effects of EMS, the following measurements were made at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks: locomotive syndrome assessment score, …

Fatiguing Trunk Flexor Exercise Decreases Pain Sensitivity In Postpartum Women, Rita Deering, Tatyana Pashibin, Meredith Cruz, Sandra K. Hunter, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is common in the general population and among postpartum women. Abdominal muscle exercise is often used to treat LBP, but it is unknown if fatiguing abdominal muscle exercise can produce exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH).

Objectives: To assess pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) at rest and following fatiguing trunk flexor exercise (EIH) in (1) nulligravid and postpartum women to evaluate the impact of pregnancy and childbirth and (2) nulligravid women and men to examine sex differences.

Methods: Seventy healthy adults (31 postpartum women, 23 nulligravid women, 16 men) participated. Postpartum and nulligravid women were tested twice (16–18 weeks …

Two Weeks Of Ischemic Conditioning Improves Walking Speed And Reduces Neuromuscular Fatigability In Chronic Stroke Survivors, Matthew J. Durand, Timothy F. Boerger, Jennifer Nguyen, Saad Z. Alqahtani, Michael T. Wright, Brian D. Schmit, David D. Gutterman, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

This pilot study examined whether ischemic conditioning (IC), a noninvasive, cost-effective, and easy-to-administer intervention, could improve gait speed and paretic leg muscle function in stroke survivors. We hypothesized that 2 wk of IC training would increase self-selected walking speed, increase paretic muscle strength, and reduce neuromuscular fatigability in chronic stroke survivors. Twenty-two chronic stroke survivors received either IC or IC Sham on their paretic leg every other day for 2 wk (7 total sessions). IC involved 5-min bouts of ischemia, repeated five times, using a cuff inflated to 225 mmHg on the paretic thigh. For IC Sham, the cuff inflation …

Incremental Clinical Effectiveness And Cost Effectiveness Of Providing Supervised Physiotherapy In Addition To Usual Medical Care In Patients With Osteoarthritis Of The Hip Or Knee: 2-Year Results Of The Moa Randomised Controlled Trial, J. H. Abbott, R Wilson, Daniel Pinto, C. M. Chapple, A. A. Wright

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To investigate the clinical- and cost-effectiveness at 2-year follow-up of providing individual, supervised exercise physiotherapy and/or manual physiotherapy in addition to usual medical care.

Method

People with hip or knee osteoarthritis meeting the American College of Rheumatology clinical diagnostic criteria were randomised (1:1, concealed, assessor-blinded) to four groups: usual medical care; supervised exercise physiotherapy; manual physiotherapy; or combined exercise and manual physiotherapy. Physiotherapy group participants were provided 10 50-min treatment sessions including booster sessions at 4 and 13 months, in addition to usual care. The primary outcome at 2-year follow-up was incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of each physiotherapy intervention …

Preferences For Physical Activity: A Conjoint Analysis Involving People With Chronic Knee Pain, Daniel Pinto, Ulf Bockenholt, Jungwha Lee, Rowland W. Chang, Leena Sharma, Daniel J. Finn, Allen W. Heinemann, Jane Louise Holl, Paul D. Hansen

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To investigate individual preferences for physical activity (PA) attributes in adults with chronic knee pain, to identify clusters of individuals with similar preferences, and to identify whether individuals in these clusters differ by their demographic and health characteristics.

Design

An adaptive conjoint analysis (ACA) was conducted using the Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives (PAPRIKA) method to determine preference weights representing the relative importance of six PA attributes. Cluster analysis was performed to identify clusters of participants with similar weights. Chi-square and ANOVA were used to assess differences in individual characteristics by cluster. Multinomial logistic regression was …

A Principal Components Analysis Approach To Quantifying Foot Clearance And Foot Clearance Variability, Lauren C. Benson, Stephen C. Cobb, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Kevin G. Keenan, Jake Luo, Kristian M. O'Connor

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Low foot clearance and high variability may be related to falls risk. Foot clearance is often defined as the local minimum in toe height during swing; however, not all strides have this local minimum. The primary purpose of this study was to identify a nondiscrete measure of foot clearance during all strides, and compare discrete and nondiscrete measures in ability to rank individuals on foot clearance and variability. Thirty-five participants (young adults [n = 10], older fallers [n = 10], older nonfallers [n = 10], and stroke survivors [n = 5]) walked overground while lower extremity 3D kinematics were recorded. …

Brain Activation During Passive And Volitional Pedaling After Stroke, Brice T. Cleland, Sheila M. Schindler-Ivens

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Prior work indicates that pedaling-related brain activation is lower in people with stroke than in controls. We asked whether this observation could be explained by between-group differences in volitional motor commands and pedaling performance. Methods: Individuals with and without stroke performed passive and volitional pedaling while brain activation was recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging. The passive condition eliminated motor commands to pedal and minimized between-group differences in pedaling performance. Volume, intensity, and laterality of brain activation were compared across conditions and groups. Results: There were no significant effects of condition and no Group × Condition …

Clinical Decision-Making For Thrombolysis Of Acute Minor Stroke Using Adaptive Conjoint Analysis, Ava L. Liberman, Daniel Pinto, Sara K. Rostanski, Daniel L. Labovitz, Andrew M. Naidech, Shyam Prabhakaran

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction:

There is practice variability in the treatment of patients with minor ischemic stroke with thrombolysis. We sought to determine which clinical factors physicians prioritize in thrombolysis decision-making for minor stroke using adaptive conjoint analysis.

Methods:

We conducted our conjoint analysis using the Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives methodology via the 1000Minds platform to design an online preference survey and circulated it to US physicians involved in stroke care. We evaluated 6 clinical attributes: language/speech deficits, motor deficits, other neurological deficits, history suggestive of increased risk of complication from thrombolysis, age, and premorbid disability. Survey participants were …

Recommendations For The Conduct Of Economic Evaluations In Osteoporosis: Outcomes Of An Experts’ Consensus Meeting Organized By The European Society For Clinical And Economic Aspects Of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis And Musculoskeletal Diseases (Esceo) And The Us Branch Of The International Osteoporosis Foundation, M. Hiligsmann, J.-Y. Reginster, A.N.A. Tosteson, S.V. Bukata, K.G. Saag, D.T. Gold, P. Halbout, F. Jiwa, E.M. Lewiecki, Daniel Pinto, J.D. Adachi, N. Al-Daghri, O. Bruyère, M. Chandran, C. Cooper, N.C. Harvey, T.A. Einhorn, J.A. Kanis, D.L. Kendler, O.D. Messina, R. Rizzoli, L. Si, S. Silverman

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Summary

Economic evaluations are increasingly used to assess the value of health interventions, but variable quality and heterogeneity limit the use of these evaluations by decision-makers. These recommendations provide guidance for the design, conduct, and reporting of economic evaluations in osteoporosis to improve their transparency, comparability, and methodologic standards.

Introduction

This paper aims to provide recommendations for the conduct of economic evaluations in osteoporosis in order to improve their transparency, comparability, and methodologic standards.

Methods

A working group was convened by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis to make recommendations for the design, conduct, …

Patients’ Preferences For Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Value Of Stated-Preference Studies, Mickael Hiligsmann, Daniel Pinto, Elaine Dennison, Nasser Al-Daghri, Charlotte Beaudart, Jaime Branco, Olivier Bruyère, Philip G. Conaghan, Cyrus Cooper, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont, Famida Jiwa, Willem Lems, Thierry Thomas, Nicola Veronese, Jean-Yves Reginster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Identifying Trippers And Non-Trippers Based On Knee Kinematics During Obstacle-Free Walking, Lauren C. Benson, Stephen C. Cobb, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Kevin G. Keenan, Jake Luo, Kristian M. O'Connor

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Trips are a major cause of falls. Sagittal-plane kinematics affect clearance between the foot and obstacles, however, it is unclear which kinematic measures during obstacle-free walking are associated with avoiding a trip when encountering an obstacle. The purpose of this study was to determine kinematic factors during obstacle-free walking that are related to obstacle avoidance ability. It was expected that successful obstacle avoidance would be associated with greater peak flexion/dorsiflexion and range of motion (ROM), and differences in timing of peak flexion/dorsiflexion during swing of obstacle-free walking for the hip, knee and ankle. Three-dimensional kinematics were recorded as 35 participants …

Swallow Strength Training Exercise For Elderly: A Health Maintenance Need, D. Agrawal, Mark Kern, F. Edeani, Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Patrick Sanvanson, Rita Shaker

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Recent studies have shown high prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia associated with frailty‐ and age‐related muscle weakness. Strength training exercises have been advocated for locomotive health maintenance in the elderly and have shown positive outcomes. As muscles involved in oropharyngeal phase of swallowing are also comprised of striated muscles, the aim of this study was to determine biomechanical effect of a novel resistance exercise program, Swallowing Against Laryngeal Restriction (SALR), on pharyngeal phase swallowing in the healthy elderly. Methods: A total of 28 volunteers (75 + 7 years; 17 females) with no complaint of dysphagia were studied using video fluoroscopy …

Experience Of Robotic Exoskeleton Use At Four Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Centers, Allen W. Heinemann, Arun Jayaraman, Chaithanya K. Mummidisetty, Jamal Spraggins, Daniel Pinto, Susan Charlifue, Candy Tefertiller, Heather B. Taylor, Shuo-Hsiu Chang, Argyrios Stampas, Catherine L. Furbish, Edelle C. Field-Fote

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background and Purpose: Refinement of robotic exoskeletons for overground walking is progressing rapidly. We describe clinicians' experiences, evaluations, and training strategies using robotic exoskeletons in spinal cord injury rehabilitation and wellness settings and describe clinicians' perceptions of exoskeleton benefits and risks and developments that would enhance utility.

Methods: We convened focus groups at 4 spinal cord injury model system centers. A court reporter took verbatim notes and provided a transcript. Research staff used a thematic coding approach to summarize discussions.

Results: Thirty clinicians participated in focus groups. They reported using exoskeletons primarily in outpatient and wellness settings; 1 center used …

Locomotor Adaptations To Prolonged Step-By-Step Frontal Plane Trunk Perturbations In Young Adults, Eric R. Walker, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Tanya Onushko, Brian D. Schmit

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to quantify the magnitude and time course of dynamic balance control adaptations to prolonged step-by-step frontal plane forces applied to the trunk during walking. Healthy young participants (n = 10, 5 female) walked on an instrumented split-belt treadmill while an external cable-driven device applied frontal plane forces to the trunk. Two types of forces were applied: 1) forces which accentuated COM movement in the frontal plane (destabilizing) and 2) forces which resisted COM movement in the frontal plane (stabilizing). We quantified dynamic balance control using frontal plane measures of (1) the extent of center …

Lean Mass Mediates The Relation Between Temporal Summation Of Pain And Sex In Young Healthy Adults, Abdulaziz Awali, Ali Alsouhibani, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Previous studies have shown that women experience greater temporal summation (TS) of pain than men using a repetitive thermal stimulus. These studies, however, did not individualize the thermal stimulus to each subject’s thermal pain sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in TS using an individualized protocol and potential mediators that have been shown to influence TS including physical activity and body composition.

Methods

Fifty young healthy men and women (21 men) participated in the study. Subjects completed TS testing on the right forearm using a repetitive thermal stimulus at a temperature that the subject …

Exercise-Induced Pain And Analgesia? Underlying Mechanisms And Clinical Translation, Kathleen A. Sluka, Laura Frey-Law, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Ischemic Conditioning Increases Strength And Volitional Activation Of Paretic Muscle In Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Study, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Spencer A. Murphy, Jennifer Nguyen, Brian D. Schmit, Francesco Negro, David D. Gutterman, Matthew J. Durand

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Ischemic conditioning (IC) on the arm or leg has emerged as an intervention to improve strength and performance in healthy populations, but the effects on neurological populations are unknown. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of a single session of IC on knee extensor strength and muscle activation in chronic stroke survivors. Maximal knee extensor torque measurements and surface EMG were quantified in 10 chronic stroke survivors (>1 yr poststroke) with hemiparesis before and after a single session of IC or sham on the paretic leg. IC consisted of 5 min of compression with a …

Systemic Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia Following Isometric Exercise Reduces Conditioned Pain Modulation, Ali Alsouhibani, Henrik Bjarke Vaegter, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Physically active individuals show greater conditioned pain modulation (CPM) compared with less active individuals. Understanding the effects of acute exercise on CPM may allow for a more targeted use of exercise in the management of pain. This study investigated the effects of acute isometric exercise on CPM. In addition, the between-session and within-session reliability of CPM was investigated.

Design

Experimental, randomized crossover study.

Setting

Laboratory at Marquette University.

Subjects

Thirty healthy adults (19.3±1.5 years, 15 males).

Methods

Subjects underwent CPM testing before and after isometric exercise (knee extension, 30% maximum voluntary contraction for three minutes) and quiet rest in …

A Randomized Trial Of A Motivational Interviewing Intervention To Increase Lifestyle Physical Activity And Improve Self-Reported Function In Adults With Arthritis, Abigail L. Gilbert, Jungwha Lee, Linda S. Ehrlich-Jones, Pamela A. Semanik, Jing Song, Christine A. Pellegrini, Daniel Pinto, Dorothy D. Dunlop, Rowland W. Chang

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Arthritis is a leading cause of chronic pain and functional limitations. Exercise is beneficial for improving strength and function and decreasing pain. We evaluated the effect of a motivational interviewing-based lifestyle physical activity intervention on self-reported physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Participants were randomized to intervention or control. Control participants received a brief physician recommendation to increase physical activity to meet national guidelines. Intervention participants received the same brief baseline physician recommendation in addition to motivational interviewing sessions at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. These sessions focused on facilitating individualized …

A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study To Assess The Effect Of Anodal And Cathodal Electrical Stimulation On Periwound Skin Blood Flow And Pressure Ulcer Size Reduction In Persons With Neurological Injuries, Anna Polak, Cezary Kucio, Luther C. Kloth, Malgorzata Paczula, Ewa Hordynska, Tomasz Ickowicz, Edward Blaszczak, Ewa Kucio, Krystian Oleszczyk, Krzysztof Ficek, Andrzej Franek

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The use of electrical stimulation (ES) should be considered for treating nonhealing pressure ulcers (PUs), but optimal ES wound treatment protocols have yet to be established. A randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cathodal and anodal high-voltage monophasic pulsed current (HVMPC) on periwound skin blood flow (PSBF) and size reduction of Stage 2 to Stage 4 PUs of at least 4 weeks’ duration.Persons >18 years of age, hospitalized with neurological injuries, at high risk for PU development (Norton scale <14 >points; Waterlow scale >15 points), and with at least 1 Stage 2 to Stage 4 …