Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Medically Tailored Meal Program Length On Malnutrition Risk, Kaitlyn Ann Bartholomew, Jule Anne Henstenburg, Adrian Glass Crafford

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction: The Metropolitan Area Neighborhood Nutrition Alliance (MANNA) provides medically tailored meals (MTMs) to individuals in the Philadelphia area with nutritional risk and chronic illness (cancers, renal disease, heart disease, diabetes, HIV/AIDS). Registered dietitians prescribe 3 or 6 months of MTMs depending on risk severity. This study investigates the impact of MTM prescription length on malnutrition risk.

Methods: Demographic, health, and program enrollment data for clients who received ≥2 months of MTMs and completed the intake and follow-up Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) from 2020-2022 were extracted from client records and entered in REDCap. Paired t-tests and chi-square tests were used …

Assessing Health Implications Of Monarch Butterfly Populations And Behaviors, Kira Goldman, Kelsey E. Fisher Dr.

Honors Scholar Theses

Pollinator populations have seen massive declines over the past decade due to anthropogenic activity and climate change posing serious threats to the health of humans and ecosystems (Ulyshen & Horn, 2023). As agents responsible for the production of about 35% of micronutrient rich food crops necessary for adequate nutrition to lead healthful lives and prevent nutrition associated diseases, pollinator decline is a public health concern (Aizen et al., 2009). Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) serve as bio indicators for the health of pollinator populations because of their analogous habitat and food resources shared with many other pollinator species, including bees and …

What Is The Additive Value Of Nutritional Deficiency To Va-Fi In The Risk Assessment For Heart Failure Patients?, Seulgi Erica Kim, Mehrnaz Azarian, Aanand D Naik, Catherine Park, Molly J Horstman, Salim S Virani, Orna Intrator, Christopher I Amos, Ariela Orkaby, Javad Razjouyan

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVES: to assess the impact of adding the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) to the U.S. Veterans Health Administration frailty index (VA-FI) for the prediction of time-to-death and other clinical outcomes in Veterans hospitalized with Heart Failure.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of veterans hospitalized for heart failure (HF) from October 2015 to October 2018. Veterans ≥50 years with albumin and lymphocyte counts, needed to calculate the PNI, in the year prior to hospitalization were included. We defined malnutrition as PNI ≤43.6, based on the Youden index. VA-FI was calculated from the year prior to the hospitalization and identified three groups: …

Establishing Routine Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation During Pregnancy In An Impoverished Guatemalan Community, Marissa Schuette, Erin Brueggemann

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Pregnant and breastfeeding women in impoverished settings face heightened nutritional demands, placing them and their children at increased risk of inadequate nutrition's detrimental effects. Existing literature suggests that supplementing with multiple micronutrients (MMS) may offer superior protection against morbidity and mortality compared to traditional iron and folic acid (IFA) formulations. This research is set in the Land of Hope (LOH) clinic, located in Escuintla, Guatemala, a community served by the non-profit organization ER Abroad. The study aims to assess the feasibility of standardizing MMS provision to pregnant women at LOH, coupled with supplementary education on pregnancy and nutrition. The team …

Prevotella Copri And Microbiota Members Mediate The Beneficial Effects Of A Therapeutic Food For Malnutrition, Hao-Wei Chang, Evan M Lee, Yi Wang, Cyrus Zhou, Kali M Pruss, Suzanne Henrissat, Robert Y Chen, Clara Kao, Matthew C Hibberd, Hannah M Lynn, Daniel M Webber, Marie Crane, Jiye Cheng, Ye Chen, Jeffrey I Gordon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF) formulations have been designed to repair the gut communities of malnourished children. A randomized controlled trial demonstrated that one formulation, MDCF-2, improved weight gain in malnourished Bangladeshi children compared to a more calorically dense standard nutritional intervention. Metagenome-assembled genomes from study participants revealed a correlation between ponderal growth and expression of MDCF-2 glycan utilization pathways by Prevotella copri strains. To test this correlation, here we use gnotobiotic mice colonized with defined consortia of age- and ponderal growth-associated gut bacterial strains, with or without P. copri isolates closely matching the metagenome-assembled genomes. Combining gut metagenomics and metatranscriptomics …

Improving Nutrition Screening Practice In The Hospitalized Heart Failure Patient Population, Amanda J. Bourgeois

DNP Projects

Background: Heart Failure is a disease known to affect nearly 6.5 million adults in the United States. Characterized by recurrent hospitalizations, heart failure significantly contributes to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs in the United States and worldwide. Because malnutrition is prevalent in the heart failure population, healthcare providers must perform nutritional assessments on admission to intervene in the case of malnutrition, prevent deterioration, and improve patient prognosis. Without intervention and early identification of malnutrition, heart failure hospitalizations will remain a significant problem.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of an evidence-based educational program for cardiac …

Bioactive Glycans In A Microbiome-Directed Food For Children With Malnutrition, Matthew C Hibberd, Daniel M Webber, Suzanne Henrissat, Robert Y Chen, Cyrus Zhou, Hannah M Lynn, Yi Wang, Hao-Wei Chang, Evan M Lee, Janaki Lelwala-Guruge, Ye Chen, Ishita Mostafa, Subhasish Das, Mustafa Mahfuz, Michael J Barratt, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I Gordon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Evidence is accumulating that perturbed postnatal development of the gut microbiome contributes to childhood malnutrition

Follow-Up Care After Metabolic Surgery – A Prospective Study In The North-Eastern Region Of Romania, Sorina Boariu, Ana Maria Scutariu, Adrian Cureniuc, Anamaria Meuca, Roxana Adriana Stoica, Anca Mihaela Pantea Stoian, Delia Reurean Pintilei

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Background. Anti-obesity therapeutic strategies are continuously evolving. Bariatric procedures or metabolic surgery are among the most effective and long-lasting therapies for obesity and its complications. Our objective was to investigate the clinical and biological evolution after metabolic surgery in a group of patients from North-Eastern Romania and to evaluate a nutritional intervention plan for this population. Materials and Methods. Our clinic surveyed 50 patients who received nutritional counselling before and after bariatric surgery. The patient's weight loss, metabolic markers, and lifestyle changes from January to December 2021 were recorded. SPSS Statistics v.18 was used for statistical analyses. Results and Discussions. …

Health Issues Among Nepalese Youth: A Literature Review, Veenah Stoll, Naomi Edwin, Kripa Dahal, John Barnes, Miranda Pfautsch, Lahana Maharjan, Cyril Blavo

HPD Articles

Nepal is one of the world's least-developed countries. Nepalese children are often vulnerable to a lack of resources which leads to suboptimal levels of health in turn. This review article aims to identify health issues and inequities faced by school-aged children greater than five years old in Nepal. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in PubMed and Global Health databases to gather relevant studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select appropriate articles, and 35 full-length articles were reviewed in-depth. The literature supports the association between inadequate resource distribution among Nepalese children and poorer health outcomes compared …

Challenges In Diagnosing Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome In Children With Kwashiorkor: A Case Report, Christie Hamdali, Sondang Sirait, Adria Rusvita, Bawono Bhakti

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a type of exfoliating skin disease with high incidence in children. This condition can cause serious morbidity and even mortality with certain comorbid diseases such as malnutrition. Malnutrition could mask the diagnosis of SSSS because of its similarity to numerous differential diagnoses. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis is then essential to determine the proper initial management. This case report presents a 6-month-old male baby with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and kwashiorkor. The patient presented with complaints of multiple erythematous plaques and widespread vesicular lesions that subsequently ruptured, resulting in erosions. Physical examination revealed edema, coarse …

Food Deserts Impact On Hospital Admissions In Malnourished Patients Residing In Florida, Joshua Cartwright

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impacts of food deserts on hospital admissions for individuals residing in the state of Florida.

Methods: The study design is a retrospective research cohort study analysis of Healthcare Cost Utilization Project (HCUP) data. Inpatient data for the entire state of Florida will be utilized. ICD 10 codes were used to identify malnutrition to evaluate health care utilization by zip code using a geospatial analysis identifying areas known to be food deserts based on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) designated food census tracts. The data was accessed for the …

Nutrition Situation Analysis In The Uae: A Review Study, Haleama Al Sabbah, Enas A. Assaf, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh, Afra Salah Alsammach, Haifa Madi, Nouf Khamis Al Ali, Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri, Leila Cheikh Ismail

All Works

This review study aimed to assess the nutrition situation in the UAE using published data from 2010 to 2022. It highlights the gaps and challenges that prevail in addressing the nutrition-related problems in the UAE and the opportunities that have been overlooked. The available literature indicates that the UAE is burdened with more than one form of nutrition-related problems, including being underweight, being overweight, obesity, micronutrient deficiencies, and nutrition-related chronic diseases. It is clear that data on micronutrient deficiencies, protein-energy malnutrition, obesity, diabetes, and other nutrition-related diseases among the UAE population are extremely scarce. The UAE has a high prevalence …

Perspective: Food Environment Research Priorities For Africa-Lessons From The Africa Food Environment Research Network, Amos K. Laar, Phyllis Addo, Richmond Aryeetey, Charles Agyemang, Francis Zotor, Gershim Asiki, Krystal K. Ramapalli, Gideon S. Anevinya, Akua Tandoh, Silver Nanema, Akosua Pokua Adjei, Matlida E. Laar, Kobby Mensah, Dennis Laryea, Daniel Sellen, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Christopher Turner, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Mark Spires, Christine E. Blake, Dominic Rowland, Suneetha Kadiyala, Isabel Madzorera, Adama Diouf, Namukolo Covic, Isaac M. Dzudzor, Reginald Annan, Peiman Milani, John Nortey, Nicholas Bricas, Sukati Mphumuzi, Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Ali Jafri, Meenal Dhall, Amanda Kee, Sally Mckay, Samuel O. Oti, Karen Hofman, Edward A. Frongillo Jr. Ph.D., Michelle Holdsworth

Faculty Publications

Over the last 2 decades, many African countries have undergone dietary and nutrition transitions fueled by globalization, rapid urbanization, and development. These changes have altered African food environments and, subsequently, dietary behaviors, including food acquisition and consumption. Dietary patterns associated with the nutrition transition have contributed to Africa's complex burden of malnutrition—obesity and other diet-related noncommunicable diseases (DR-NCDs)—along with persistent food insecurity and undernutrition. Available evidence links unhealthy or obesogenic food environments (including those that market and offer energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages) with suboptimal diets and associated adverse health outcomes. Elsewhere, governments have responded with policies to improve food …

Are Sub-Saharan African National Food And Agriculture Policies Nutrition-Sensitive? A Case Study Of Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, And South Africa, Roshaany Asirvatham

Health Studies Publications

Background

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), malnutrition coupled with rising rates of undernutrition and the burden of overweight/obesity remains one of the most significant public health challenges facing the region. Nutrition-sensitive agriculture can play an important role in reducing malnutrition by addressing the underlying causes of nutrition outcomes. Therefore, we aim to assess the nutrition-sensitivity of food and agriculture policies in SSA and to provide recommendations for identified policy challenges in implementing nutrition-sensitive agriculture initiatives.

Methods

We assessed past and current national policies relevant to agriculture and nutrition from Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, and South Africa. Thirty policies and strategies were …

Taste And Smell Abnormalities In Advanced Cancer: Negative Impact On Subjective Food Intake, Aidan O'Donoghue, Michelle Barrett, Pauline Uí Dhuibhir Pauline Uí Dhuibhir, Aileen Kennedy, Norma O'Leary, Declan Walshe

Articles

Background: Taste and smell abnormalities (TSAs) are present in all cancer stages and may contribute to malnutrition. Despite this, they are rarely screened for. This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of TSAs and their influence on subjective food intake in advanced cancer. Methods: Consecutive patients with advanced cancer were recruited. A modified Taste and Smell Survey assessed subjective TSAs. Objective TSAs were assessed with validated taste strips and "Sniffin Sticks." A six-item food intake questionnaire identified any effect TSAs had on food preferences/aversions. Nutrition status was evaluated with the abridged Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment. Results: All 30 participants had …

Internal Population Displacement And Vaccination Completion, Malnutrition, And Respiratory Infections Among Children In The Central African Republic, Francois Xavier Batalingaya

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Forced displacement in fragile and conflict-affected countries has the potential to disrupt access to basic primary healthcare services such as immunization. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between internal population displacement and vaccination completion, malnutrition, and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) while controlling for maternal characteristics of wealth index, education level, and residence status in the Central African Republic. The socioecological model underpinned this cross-sectional study that used a secondary dataset collected in 2018 – 2019 and maintained by UNICEF. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression tests were used to analyze the data. The findings of this study …

Factors Influencing Nutritional Intake And Interests In Educational Content Of Athletes And Sport Professionals Toward The Development Of A Clinician-Supported Mobile App To Combat Relative Energy Deficiency In Sport: Formative Research And A Description Of App Functions, Jacob T. Mey, Christine A. Karpinski, Shengping Yang, Joseph D. Madere, Tavis Piattoly, Ronnie Harper, John P. Kirwan

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background: Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) as a consequence of athlete malnutrition remains a prominent issue. However, it remains underrecognized, in part due to the perceived outward health of athletes. The Eat2Win app was designed to combat RED-S and athlete malnutrition by providing education, behavior modification, and direct communication with expert sports dietitians to athletes and sport professionals (professionals who work with athletes, eg, sport coaches and athletic trainers). Objective: The purpose of this formative research was to gain critical insight on motivators and barriers to optimal nutritional intake from both the athletes’ and sport professionals’ perspectives. Additionally, since …

Predictors Of Two-Year Mortality In Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies, Nesli̇han Kayahan Satiş, Mehmet İlki̇n Naharci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Data on adverse prognostic factors for mortality in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate two-year mortality predictors in patients with DLB. Materials and methods: Individuals aged ≥ 60 years with a diagnosis of DLB, followed by a tertiary-referral geriatric outpatient clinic from 2006 to 2021, were assessed retrospectively using medical or patient records. The mortality status of the patients in the second year after diagnosis was determined. Demographic and clinical characteristics were reviewed to determine their impact on mortality prediction. Results: A total of 108 patients with DLB …

Supplementary Feeding And Infection Control In Pregnant Adolescents-A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Trial Among Malnourished Women In Sierra Leone, Aminata S Koroma, Mariama Ellie, Kadiatu Bangura, Per O Iversen, David T Hendrixson, Kevin Stephenson, Mark J Manary

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Undernutrition during pregnancy in adolescence confers a high risk of maternal morbidity and adverse birth outcomes, particularly in low-resource settings. In a secondary analysis, we hypothesized that younger undernourished pregnant adolescents (<18 years) would benefit more than undernourished pregnant adults (>20 years) from the intervention of supplementary food and anti-infective treatments. The original trial in Sierra Leone enrolled 236 younger adolescents (<18 years), 454 older adolescents (aged 18-19 years), and 741 adults (≥20 years), all with a mid-upper arm circumference ≤23 cm. Younger adolescents had lower final fundal height as well as smaller newborns (-0.3 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.3, -0.2; p < 0.001) and shorter newborns (-1.1 cm; 95% CI, -1.5, -0.7; p < 0.001) than adults. The intervention's effect varied significantly between maternal age groups: adults benefited more than younger adolescents with respect to newborn birth weight (difference in difference, 166 g; 95% CI, 26, 306; interaction p = 0.02), birth length (difference in difference, 7.4 mm; 95% CI, 0.1, 14.8; interaction p = 0.047), and risk for low birth weight (<2.5 kg) (interaction p = 0.019). The differences in response persisted despite adjustments for maternal anthropometry, the number of prior pregnancies, and human immunodeficiency virus status. Older adolescents similarly benefited more than younger adolescents, though differences did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, newborns born to younger adolescent mothers had worse outcomes than those born to adult mothers, and adults and their newborns benefited more from the intervention than younger adolescents.

Socioecological Predictors Of Breastfeeding Practices In Rural Eastern Ethiopia, Marina Magalhães, Amanda Ojeda, Karah Mechlowitz, Kaitlin Brittain, Jenna Daniel, Kedir Teji Roba, Jemal Yousuf Hassen, Mark J Manary, Wondwossen A Gebreyes, Arie H Havelaar, Sarah L Mckune

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Estimates by the World Health Organization indicate that over 800,000 global neonatal deaths each year are attributed to deviations from recommended best practices in infant feeding. Identifying factors promoting ideal breastfeeding practices may facilitate efforts to decrease neonatal and infant death rates and progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals set for 2030. Though numerous studies have identified the benefits of breastfeeding in reducing the risk of childhood undernutrition, infection and illness, and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, no studies have explored predictors of breastfeeding practices in rural eastern Ethiopia, where undernutrition is widespread. The aim of this …

Effect Of Nesfatin-1 On The Nutritional Status Of Hemodialysis Patients, Ahmed H. M. Elthakaby, Hany Y. Esso, Huda M. Elsayed, Karima Youssef Ahmed, Nagwa Abd El-Ghaffar Mohamed, Ragaa R. Mohamed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Nesfatin-1 is considered an anorexigenic peptide that plays an important role in appetite regulation, weight loss, and malnutrition. Although the cause of anorexia in CKD patients is not totally understood, both anorexia and malnutrition are common presentations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who are susceptible to worse outcomes. Our aim of the work To study the relation of serum nesfatin-1 and its relation to the nutritional status of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), who are maintained on regular hemodialysis. Patients and methods A total of 60 ESRD patients are maintained on regular hemodialysis, and apparently healthy thirty persons (control …

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Heat-Labile Toxin Drives Enteropathic Changes In Small Intestinal Epithelia, Alaullah Sheikh, Brunda Tumala, Tim J Vickers, John C Martin, Bruce A Rosa, Subrata Sabui, Supratim Basu, Rita D Simoes, Makedonka Mitreva, Chad Storer, Erik Tyksen, Richard D Head, Wandy Beatty, Hamid M Said, James M Fleckenstein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) produce heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins, and commonly cause diarrhea in resource-poor regions. ETEC have been linked repeatedly to sequelae in children including enteropathy, malnutrition, and growth impairment. Although cellular actions of ETEC enterotoxins leading to diarrhea are well-established, their contributions to sequelae remain unclear. LT increases cellular cAMP to activate protein kinase A (PKA) that phosphorylates ion channels driving intestinal export of salt and water resulting in diarrhea. As PKA also modulates transcription of many genes, we interrogated transcriptional profiles of LT-treated intestinal epithelia. Here we show that LT significantly alters intestinal epithelial gene …

Neurodevelopment And Recovery From Wasting, Harriet M. Babikako, Celine Bourdon, Emmie Mbale, Peace Aber, Annet Birabwa, Josephine Chimoyo, Wieger Voskuijl, Zaubina Kazi, John Mukisa, Ali Faisal Saleem

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background and objectives: Acute illness with malnutrition is a common indication for hospitalization among children in low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the association between wasting recovery trajectories and neurodevelopmental outcomes in young children 6 months after hospitalization for an acute illness.
Methods: Children aged 2 to 23 months were enrolled in a prospective observational cohort of the Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, in Uganda, Malawi, and Pakistan between January 2017 and January 2019. We grouped children on the basis of their wasting recovery trajectories using change in mid-upper arm circumference for age z-score. Neurodevelopment was assessed with the …

Unravelling The Reservoirs For Colonisation Of Infants With Campylobacter Spp. In Rural Ethiopia: Protocol For A Longitudinal Study During A Global Pandemic And Political Tensions, Arie H Havelaar, Mark J Manary, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Undernutrition is an underlying cause of mortality in children under five (CU5) years of age. Animal-source foods have been shown to decrease malnutrition in CU5. Livestock are important reservoirs for

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This longitudinal study involves 115 infants who are followed from birth to 12 months of age and are selected randomly from 10 kebeles of Haramaya woreda, East Hararghe zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Questionnaire-based information is obtained on demographics, livelihoods, wealth, health, nutrition and women empowerment; animal ownership/management and diseases; and water, sanitation and hygiene. Faecal samples are collected from infants, mothers, siblings and livestock, drinking water …

Vitamin C Deficiency In A Food Insecure Patient: A Rare Case Report, Gersham J. Rainone, Tatiana J. Han, Muhammed Rahim, Gregory J. Pirolli, Alina Popa, Jayaram Thimmapuram

Transformative Medicine (T-Med)

Introduction: Scurvy is rarely seen in developed countries and is characterized by deficiency of vitamin C, which can lead to symptoms including wound impairment, bleeding manifestations, and loss of teeth. Case Description: We present a case of a 53-year-old male with a right knee hemarthrosis after a fall. The patient also noted progressively enlarging spontaneous hematomas, denying any recent trauma except for the fall to the knee. He denied family history of bleeding and clotting disorders and endorsed aspirin use in the setting of a prior stroke. He actively resided at a local shelter with limited means of transportation for …

How Climate Change May Threaten Progress In Neonatal Health In The African Region, Britt Nakstad, Veronique Filippi, Adelaide Lusambili, Nathalie Roos, Fiona Scorgie, Matthew F. Chersich, Stanley Luchters, Sari Kovats

Institute for Human Development

Climate change is likely to have wide-ranging impacts on maternal and neonatal health in Africa. Populations in low-resource settings already experience adverse impacts from weather extremes, a high burden of disease from environmental exposures, and limited access to high-quality clinical care. Climate change is already increasing local temperatures. Neonates are at high risk of heat stress and dehydration due to their unique metabolism, physiology, growth, and developmental characteristics. Infants in low-income settings may have little protection against extreme heat due to housing design and limited access to affordable space cooling. Climate change may increase risks to neonatal health from weather …

Developing Shelf-Stable Microbiota Directed Complementary Food (Mdcf) Prototypes For Malnourished Children: Study Protocol For A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Clinical Study, Ishita Mostafa, Shah Mohammad Fahim, Subhasish Das, Md Amran Gazi, Md Mehedi Hasan, Kazi Nazmus Saqeeb, Mustafa Mahfuz, Hannah B Lynn, Michael J Barratt, Jeffrey I Gordon, Tahmeed Ahmed

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Childhood undernutrition is a major public health concern that needs special attention to achieve 2025 global nutrition targets. Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), manifest as wasting (low weight-for-height), affects 33 million children under 5, yet there are currently no global guidelines for its treatment. We recently performed a randomized-controlled clinical study of a microbiota-directed complementary food formulation (MDCF-2) in 12-18-month-old Bangladeshi children with MAM. The results revealed that MDCF-2, freshly prepared each day, produced a significantly greater improvement in ponderal growth than a standard ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF), an effect that is associated with repair of the disrupted gut microbial …

Dietary Supplements In People With Metastatic Cancer Who Are Experiencing Malnutrition, Cachexia, Sarcopenia, And Frailty: A Scoping Review, Jolyn Johal, Chad Yixian Han, Ria Joseph, Zachary Munn, Oluwaseyifunmi Andi Agbejule, Fiona Crawford‐Williams, Matthew P. Wallen, Raymond J. Chan, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Cancer‐associated malnutrition, or cachexia, stemming from cancer or its treatments, is particularly prevalent in metastatic cancers, and is often interrelated with sarcopenia and frailty. Evidence suggests that dietary supplements play a role in managing these conditions. As metastatic cancer cells are associated with notable genomic and phenotypic alterations, response to dietary supplements may differ between metastatic and non‐metastatic cancers. However, research in this area is lacking. This scoping review aims to identify the dietary supplements that have been studied in patients with metastatic cancers and malnutrition‐related conditions, along with their proposed effects, mechanisms, outcome measures, and tools used. A systematic …

Products Of Gut Microbial Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain Nadase Activities In Gnotobiotic Mice And Bangladeshi Children With Malnutrition, James S Weagley, Mark Zaydman, Siddarth Venkatesh, Yo Sasaki, Neha Damaraju, Alex Yenkin, William Buchser, Dmitry A Rodionov, Andrei Osterman, Tahmeed Ahmed, Michael J Barratt, Aaron Diantonio, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Jeffrey I Gordon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Perturbed gut microbiome development has been linked to childhood malnutrition. Here, we characterize bacterial Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) protein domains that metabolize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a co-enzyme with far-reaching effects on human physiology. A consortium of 26 human gut bacterial strains, representing the diversity of TIRs observed in the microbiome and the NAD hydrolase (NADase) activities of a subset of 152 bacterial TIRs assayed in vitro, was introduced into germ-free mice. Integrating mass spectrometry and microbial RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with consortium membership manipulation disclosed that a variant of cyclic-ADPR (v-cADPR-x) is a specific product of TIR NADase activity and a …

Nutritional Assessment Of Patients With Liver Cirrhosis At The National Liver Institute – Egypt, Ayat Abdallah, Eman Rowisha, Laila Shehata, Marwa Yahia, Marwa Fikry, Naglaa Mostafa

Menoufia Medical Journal

Background Protein-energy malnutrition is very common in cirrhosis and associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Simple bedside parameters to identify malnutrition are essential to diagnose and manage the nutritional deficit early to improve the prognosis of cirrhotic patients. This study aims to assess the nutritional status of hepatic cirrhotic patients using different tools to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among them, and to compare the different used methods of assessment. Patients and methods This is a cross-sectional study, conducted at the National Liver Institute, Menoufia University. All patients are adults with cirrhotic liver. Nutritional status assessment was conducted …