Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Augmenting Addiction Management: The Potential Efficacy Of Combining Rtms With Cbt, Dylan Schroeder

Master of Science in Physician Assistant Studies Capstone Presentations (Center City)

Abstract

Non-substance and substance related addictive disorders contribute a high global disease burden with relatively poor treatment options with poor craving control and high relapse rates. CBT is a well-documented treatment modality which is the cornerstone for top-down behavioral management of cravings and preventing relapse, but its clinical efficacy is limited. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an emerging treatment method which may reduce cravings and relapse rates through a bottom-up neurochemical approach.

There is potential that the rTMS reduction of bottom-up cravings may synergistically enhance the top-down control of cravings established with CBT. Existing primary research demonstrates that a …

Adolescent Substance Use: Standardizing Screening Methods In Clinical Practice, Bryan D. Shin

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Adolescent substance use is a highly pervasive issue that strongly correlates with increasing depression and anxiety rates. Standardized screening tools for substance use, such as the CRAFFT or the Screening to Brief Intervention Tool, are freely available but not widely utilized for every patient encounter in clinical practice. This project aimed to improve standardization of substance use screening at a primary care clinic located in Castleton, Vermont through implementation of the CRAFFT tool as an automatically-loaded form in each adolescent encounter note. The goal was to improve substance use detection rates by facilitating efficient incorporation of standardized screening into the …

Motivation For Mat, Jacob Bernknopf

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

The goal of this project was to discover a commonality in why patients begin the MAT program. This will hopefully make it easier for future providers to help future patients articulate why they need to make the change in their life. This can be especially beneficial in patients dealing with concurrent stimulant or alcohol use.

Alcohol Consumption And Its Effect On Liver Transplant Failure, E. Short, R. Pinchot

Lake Campus Research Symposium Abstracts and Posters

There is a stringent process to determine who can receive liver transplants. Alcohol is an important part of this process, with US transplant centers requiring a period of abstinence prior to transplant, lack of access to livers for alcoholics due to beliefs about their ability to stay sober, and monitoring of people considered "high risk" for recidivism after the transplant. While there is clear data on post-transplant alcohol use in transplant recipients with alcoholic hepatitis, more recent data has shown comparable alcohol use rates in non-alcoholic hepatitis patients, which makes the impact of alcohol use on transplant failure rates regardless …

The In Vivo Effects Of Alcohol In Lung And Liver Are At Least Partially Mediated Through The Alpha 4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, J. Ritzenthaler, E. Torres-Gonzalez, G. E. Arteel, J. Roman

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Posters

Rational: Chronic alcohol abuse is a major risk factor for the development of acute lung injury, with 40% of annual cases in the U.S. linked to this disorder. Alcohol is not only associated with increased incidence of acute lung injury in at-risk individuals, but also increased mortality. The exact mechanisms by which alcohol abuse renders the host susceptible to acute lung injury remain poorly defined. We have reported that α4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α4 nAChRs) may serve as potential sensors for alcohol in lung fibroblasts; however, we have not tested their role in vivo.

Methods: To test the role of …

Evaluation Of A New Trauma-Related Drinking To Cope Measure: Latent Structure And Heritability, Sage E. Hawn, Steven H. Aggen, Danielle Dick, Ananda B. Amstadter Phd

Graduate Research Posters

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) commonly co-occur, share latent genetic risk, and are associated with many negative public health outcomes. Via a self-medication framework, trauma-related drinking to cope (TRD), an unexplored phenotype to date, may help explain why these two disorders co-occur, thus serving as an essential target for treatment and prevention efforts. This study sought to create a novel measure of TRD and to investigate its indirect influences on the association between PTSD and AUD, as well as its potential shared molecular genetic risk with PTSD in a genetically-informative study of college students. A sample …

What's In Your Cup? Increasing Transparency And Confidence In Alcohol Use Screening And Brief Intervention, Dylan C. Koundakjian

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

19% of Vermonters report drinking alcohol at levels which puts their health at risk, but many healthcare providers do not feel confident in addressing their patients' usage. This can stem from lack of experience with alcohol use, worries about stigma, and time constraints. However, data has shown that even 5-15 minute interventional conversations can significantly reduce a patient's risky drinking. This project aims to provide real-world, practical advice for having conversations around alcohol, and provides a conversion chart converting popular alcoholic beverages into standard drink equivalents.

Substance Use Disorder Treatment Decision Aid For Adults In Chittenden County Vermont, Elizabeth V. Mcleod

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Substance Abuse Disorders (SUDs) are a prevalent public health concern in both the national and local arena resulting in millions of dollars in pubic health costs and loss of life. Navigating the treatment options available in Chittenden County can be time consuming, difficult, and delay treatment. In order to help guide adult patients and their families in Chittenden County along their journey towards recovery from SUDs, a treatment decision aid was developed for choosing the right level of care.

Concussion, Kasra Sarabakhsh

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Concussions are very common, especially among young athletes and students. Most patients are encouraged to rest and avoid activities that are physically and cognitively demanding. However, there is not much education regarding alcohol use after a concussion and its detrimental effects on brain recovery.

Gender Differences In Drinking Habits Among College Students, Margaret Anne Demayo

Student Research Posters

Binge drinking is a common problem found among college students. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), one in six U.S. adults binge drink about four times a month, consuming about eight drinks per binge." Over time, binge drinking in college can cause negative factors for students such as, poor academics and health problems.

The purpose of my study is to evaluate how stress factors such as environment and peer relationships affect drinking habits in male and female college students. Students experience stress factors such as environment (e.g. housing), peer relationships (e.g. peer pressure, relationships), school (e.g. …

Addiction Recovery Support: Connecting Primary Care Providers And Community Resources, Amber J. Meservey

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Addiction to drugs and alcohol is a pervasive problem throughout Vermont and the U.S., and only a fraction of those needing help receive it. The vast majority of admissions to substance abuse treatment programs do not come from healthcare providers, who report a lack of preparedness in managing addiction screening and referrals. Recognizing that Family Medicine Providers are likely to be caring for many patients struggling with substance abuse, this project aims to improve provider familiarity with local resources. In particular, this project focuses on promoting long-term retention in self-help group programs, as these have been demonstrated to be the …

The Hidden In Plain Sight Program — A Novel And Interactive Approach To Substance Abuse Prevention And Education, Murtaza I. Bharmal

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Introduction. Despite stabilizing trends in alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, prescription medication, and illicit drug use reported by the National Institute of Drug Abuse, there is clear evidence that substance abuse is pervasive throughout Aroostook county as well as the state of Maine. Further research shows that parents often overlook everyday items that may indicate that an adolescent is engaging in some form of risky behavior. More so, parents are often apprehensive about talking to their children about risky behaviors and do not know how to appropriately manage these issues or where to seek help. Although there are many resources for substance …

Alcohol Use Among Middle School Children In Vermont, Sargis Ohanyan

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Alcohol and drug education classes have reduced alcohol use in Vermont middle schools to approximately 20%, however currently no screening or intervention programs are available for the aforementioned 20%. Experts agree that early alcohol use significantly increases the risk of myriad psychosocial problems later in life, therefore early screening and intervention is paramount. The focus of this project is to raise awareness for the need of early screening/intervention regarding alcohol use in Vermont middle schools.

The Metabolism Of Alcohol: Risk And Protective Factors, Sydney E. Levan, Amy Adkins, Danielle Dick, Karen G. Chartier

Undergraduate Research Posters

Purpose: Abstract for poster submission to VCU Poster Symposium for

Undergraduate Research and Creativity

Title: The Metabolism of Alcohol: Risk and Protective Factors

Background: In 2002, it was reported by the National Institutes of Health that

60.3% of college aged students (18-22) drank alcohol in the past month of being

asked, as compared to 51.9% of those not in college. They also found that 20% of

college students met the criteria for at least one alcohol use disorder (AUDs)1.

Many genes have been linked to an increased risk for AUDs and how individuals

with various ethnic backgrounds respond to alcohol. …

Screening, Brief Intervention And Referral To Treatment For Substance Abuse In Waitsfield, Vt, Chi An Liu

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Substance abuse is an issue in Waitsfield, VT and currently there is no formal program or intervention at Mad River Family Practice to help patients overcome their addictions. Screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is a program to identify at risk patients, raise awareness of their abuse, and help them find support and treatment they need.

Chapter 12: Drinking, In Intimacy And Community In A Changing World: Sikaiana Life 1980-1993, William Donner

Sikaiana Ethnography

The role or alcohol consumption among the Sikaiana, Solomon Islands. This is an account from 1980 to 1993 and the Sikaiana do not drink as heavily at present (2020). The chapter discusses the manner in which alcohol was integrated into Sikaiana life from 1980-1993.

A related site can be found at www.sikaianaarchives.com

Oral History Interview: William Allen Cross, William Allen Cross

0064: Marshall University Oral History Collection

In his interview, William Allen Cross discusses Prohibition and bootlegging in Huntington, West Virginia. Mr. Cross was a theater manager for the Keith Albee Theater (referred to as the State Theater) in Huntington, WV. Although he did not make moonshine, he was a buyer during Prohibition. He discusses how bootleggers sold their whiskey and provides locations for stills. Mr. Cross also focuses on how to make moonshine, whiskey, and wine. He reminiscences about “the Strip” between 10^th and 11^th Streets in Huntington, WV, that served from 1925-1945 as a red-light, gambling, and bootlegging district. In the audio clip …

Oral History Interview: Beulah Mckeand, Beulah Mckeand

0064: Marshall University Oral History Collection

Beulah McKeand grew up in the Ceredo-Kenova area of West Virginia. During her interview, she focuses on her childhood experiences and family history. She discusses working at Abbotts, a store in Huntington, West Virginia. She also focuses on folk medicine, specifically uses for yellow root and ginseng. In the audio clip provided, Mrs. McKeand discusses growing ginseng and the market value for the plant.