Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Football: An Intransitive Endeavour, Joe Walsh, Ian Timothy Heazlewood

Joe Walsh

It has long been established that competitions should be structured to give each team a fair chance of winning. The aim of this research paper was, considering similarities of shared parameters between codes, to investigate intransitivity in football codes. Variables effecting probabilistic outcomes of games were identified for the football codes: soccer, gridiron, rugby union, rugby league and touch football. An algebraic probabilistic model for obtaining tactical advantage in individual transition states was developed. Hypothetical teams were constructed in order to test the possibility of intransitive games states. It was clear that intransitivity could logically exist for a variety of …

Injury Incidence In Football Code Athletes During Preparation For The World Masters Games, Joe Walsh, Mike Climstein, Stephen Burke, Ian Timothy Heazlewood, Kent J. Adams, Mark Debeliso, Jyrki Kettunen

Joe Walsh

There is growing evidence that physical activity across the lifespan is beneficial for improved health. However older athletes may display an increased range of pathologies and physiological changes due to the aging process. These factors may result in increased injury risks, particularly when participating in highly competitive sport. The World Masters Games (WMG) is the largest international sporting competition in terms of participant numbers. Yet this cohort of athletes remains proportionately under investigated.

It was hypothesized that injury trends would be similar in incidence and location to a comparative (elite soccer) population. An online survey was utilized to investigate the …

Exercise As Medicine For Cancer, Robert Newton, Daniel Galvao, Prue Cormie, Michael Baker, Carolyn Mcintyre

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

Review Of Interventions To Reduce Risk Factors For Alcohol And Substance Abuse Among Student Athletes, Ilse Garcia

McNair Poster Presentations

Alcohol and drug consumption are a public health concern among young athletes throughout the entire nation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review substance abuse prevention and intervention outcome studies specific to athletes. A list of common keywords associated with outcome studies targeting substance abuse prevention and intervention among student athletes was generated. Interventions were derived from peer-reviewed journals, government websites and newspaper articles. Two interventions were found to successfully decrease excessive drinking and drug use among student athletes. While some researches may argue that involvement in athletes may serve as a "protective factor" for alcohol or substance …

Evaluation Of Lactate Concentration From 30 Seconds Wingate Test Using Three Sample Sites, Bethany Christian

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

It is common for athletes to use blood lactate for the determination of performance as well as for the development of training volumes. Depending on the mode, duration, and intensity, the sample site at which blood lactate is drawn becomes important. Due to the debate of sample site, research has been ongoing. There has yet to be a collective investigation examining three sample sites and maximal anaerobic exercise while considering the role of inactive muscle. The purpose of this study was to gain better understanding of blood lactate concentrations at various sample sites after maximal effort exercise. Eight anaerobically trained …

Entrepreneurial Factors For The Fitness Industry, Steven M. Herrmann

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The following work examines the different aspects of opening an exercise-based business and identifies factors of the competitive environment that are conducive to opening a recreational and athletic strength training facility. Questions were answered regarding what type of exercise-based business could feasibly compete against the other exercise-based businesses and related non-profit organizations and what the existing exercise-based businesses and related non-profit organizations located within a 30-mile radius of southwest Dearborn, Michigan, were doing to survive in the current competitive economy. Information was gathered from100 fitness facility websites and 30 survey interviews from the managers and owners of the exercise-based businesses …

Knee Range Of Motion: Reliability And Agreement Of 3 Measurement Methods, Paul G. Peters, Michael A. Herbenick, Philip A. Anloague, Ronald J. Markert, L. Joseph Rubino

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

We conducted a study to compare 3 methods of measuring knee range of motion: visual estimation by physicians, hand goniometry by physical therapists, and radiographic goniometry. We hypothesized that reliability would be high within and across all techniques. We found intrarater and interrater reliability to be satisfactory for visual estimation, hand goniometry, and radiographic goniometry. Interrater reliability across methods did not agree satisfactorily. Between-methods differences in estimating knee range of motion may result from variations in technique among physicians and physical therapists.

A Comparison Of Two Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Programs In Females With Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Pilot Study, Betsy Donahoe-Fillmore, Wendy Chorny, C. Jayne Brahler, Ashley Ingley, Jennifer Kennedy, Valerie Osterfeld

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a condition affecting millions of Americans. Few studies have assessed the benefits of different exercises involved in pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT). Purposte: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a traditional PFMT program to an assisted pelvic floor muscle training (APFMT) program that included contraction of hip musculature.

Investigating The Associations Between Core Strength, Postural Control And Fine Motor Performance In Children, Rachel Burnett, Nicole Cornett, Gina Rekart, Betsy Donahoe-Fillmore, C. Jayne Brahler, Susan Aebker, Megan Kreill

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Study design: Quantitative design including statistical analysis.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if there is an association between core strength, postural control, fine motor precision and integration, specifically in typical children in the first and third grades, ages 6-10. The secondary purpose of this study was to determine if there was an association between BMI and fine and gross motor ability in this same population.

Background: The relationship between core strength, postural control and fine motor skills in children is not well understood. The assumption that trunk stability and control are necessary for the maturation of …

Hss Departmental Developments Winter 2011, Department Of Health And Sport Sciences

Health and Sport Sciences Newsletter

• Out and About in the Community
• Annual HSS Recognition Night
• Updates from the Majors

Is Proprioceptive Training Effective In Reducing The Recurrence Of Ankle Sprains Among Athletes?, Karen A. Berk

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether or not proprioceptive training is effective in reducing the recurrence of ankle sprains among athletes.

2011 Cardinal Athletics Vol. 5, Issue 1, Winter, Otterbein University

Cardinal Athletics Newsletter

The Cardinal Athletics Newsletter is published three times per year and covers all athletic activities at the Otterbein University.

Otterfit News February 2011, Department Of Health And Sport Sciences

Health and Sport Sciences Newsletter

Health, Wellness, & Programming Information for OtterFit participants

The Influence Of Macrophage Depletion On Ligament Healing, Connie S. Chamberlain, Ellen M. Leiferman, Kayt E. Frisch, Sijian Wang, Xipei Yang, Nico Van Rooijen, Geoff S. Baer, Stacey L. Brickson, Ray Vanderby

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Despite a complex cascade of cellular events to reconstruct damaged extracellular matrix (ECM), ligament healing results in a mechanically inferior, scar-like tissue. During normal healing, the number of macrophages significantly increases within the wound site. Then, granulation tissue expands into any residual, normal ligamentous tissue (creeping substitution), resulting in a larger region of healing, greater mechanical compromise, and an inefficient repair process. To study the effects of macrophages on the repair process, bilateral, surgical rupture of their medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) was done on rats. Treatment animals received liposome-encapsulated clodronate, 2 days before rupture to ablate phagocytosing macrophages. Ligaments were …

The Influence Of Interleukin-4 On Ligament Healing, Connie S. Chamberlain, Ellen M. Leiferman, Kayt E. Frisch, Sijian Wang, Xipei Yang, Stacey L. Brickson, Ray Vanderby

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Despite a complex cascade of cellular events to reconstruct the damaged extracellular matrix, ligament healing results in a mechanically inferior scarred ligament. During normal healing, granulation tissue expands into any residual normal ligamentous tissue (creeping substitution), resulting in a larger region of healing, greater mechanical compromise and an inefficient repair process. To control creeping substitution and possibly enhance the repair process, the antiinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-4 (IL-4), was administered to rats before and after rupture of their medial collateral ligaments. In vitro experiments showed a time-dependent effect on fibroblast proliferation after IL-4 treatment. In vivo treatments with IL-4 (100 ng/mL IV) …

Ultrasound Echo Is Related To Stress And Strain In Tendon, Sarah Duenwald, Hirohito Kobayashi, Kayt E. Frisch, Roderic Lakes, Ray Vanderby Jr.

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

The mechanical behavior of tendons has been well studied in vitro. A noninvasive method to acquire mechanical data would be highly beneficial. Elastography has been a promising method of gathering in vivo tissue mechanical behavior, but it has inherent limitations. This study presents acoustoelasticity as an alternative ultrasound-based method of measuring tendon stress and strain by reporting a relationship between ultrasonic echo intensity (B-mode ultrasound image brightness) and mechanical behavior of tendon in vitro. Porcine digital flexor tendons were cyclically loaded in a mechanical testing system while an ultrasonic echo response was recorded. We report that echo intensity …

Long-Term Training Adaptations In Elite Male Volleyball Players, Jeremy Sheppard, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2011

Abstract: Sheppard, JM, and Newton, RU. Long-term training adaptations in elite male volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 26(8): 2180–2184, 2012—Several investigations have demonstrated differences in anthropometry, jump performance, and strength variables between developmental and elite-level volleyball players. However, within the elite level of play, the magnitude of change that can occur with training is unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the anthropometric, vertical jump, and strength quality changes over 2 years in a group of national team volleyball players. Fourteen national team volleyball players (age, 23.0 ± 4.1 years; height, 1.98 ± 0.07 m; weight, 91.7 …

Relationships Between Triathlon Performance And Pacing Strategy During The Run In An International Competition, Yann Le Meur, Tierry Bernard, Sylvain Dorel, Chris Abbiss, Gerard Honnorat, Jeanick Brisswalter, Christophe Hausswirth

Research outputs 2011

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to examine relationships between athlete's pacing strategies and running performance during an international triathlon competition. METHODS: Running split times for each of the 107 finishers of the 2009 European Triathlon Championships (42 females and 65 males) were determined with the use of a digital synchronized video analysis system. Five cameras were placed at various positions of the running circuit (4 laps of 2.42 km). Running speed and an index of running speed variability (IRSVrace) were subsequently calculated over each section or running split. RESULTS: Mean running speed over the first 1272 m …

Influence Of Environmental Temperature On 40 Km Cycling Time-Trial Performance, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Chris R. Abbiss

Research outputs 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of environmental temperature on variability in power output, self-selected pacing strategies, and performance during a prolonged cycling time trial. Nine trained male cyclists randomly completed four 40 km cycling time trials in an environmental chamber at 17°C, 22°C, 27°C, and 32°C (40% RH). During the time trials, heart rate, core body temperature, and power output were recorded. The variability in power output was assessed with the use of exposure variation analysis. Mean 40 km power output was significantly lower during 32°C (309 ± 35 W) compared with 17°C (329 ± …

Anticipatory Testosterone Response To Competition In Female Collegiate Endurance Athletes, Becca Adams

Summer Research

High blood testosterone has been linked to the expression of aggressive personalities, but few studies have investigated the relationship between testosterone and competitiveness in anticipation of athletic competition. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-reported competitiveness and the anticipatory pre-competition circulating testosterone level. Twelve college-aged female athletes participated in a track relay-style race. Blood serum testosterone was tested 24 hours prior and 15 minutes prior to a competition using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Subjects completed the Revised Competitiveness Index (RCI) upon finishing the race. A dependent t-test was used to calculate differences between the two serum samples. …

Circadian Rhythms In Exercise Performance: Implications For Hormonal And Muscular Adaptation, Weipeng Teo, Michael Newton, Michael Mcguigan

Research outputs 2011

Almost all physiological and biochemical processes within the human body follow a circadian rhythm (CR). In humans, the suprachiasmatic nucleus regulates sleep-wake cycle and other daily biorhythms in line with solar time. Due to such daily physiological fluctuations, several investigations on neuromuscular performance have reported a distinct CR during exercise. Generally, peak performances have been found to occur in the early evening, at approximately the peak of core body temperature. The increase in core body temperature has been found to increase energy metabolism, improve muscle compliance and facilitate actin-myosin crossbridging. In addition, steroidal hormones such as testosterone (T) and cortisol …

Cardiac Output Is Not Related To The Slowed O2 Uptake Kinetics In Type 2 Diabetes, Oscar Mac Ananey, J Malone, S Warmington, D O'Shea, S Green, M Egana

Articles

Abstract

PURPOSE:

This study aimed to investigate whether cardiac output (CO) responses were related to VO2 kinetics during cycling in type 2 diabetes.

METHODS:

A total of 9 middle-aged women with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes, 9 nondiabetic overweight women, and 11 nondiabetic lean women were recruited. Initially, the ventilatory threshold (VT) and peak VO2 were determined during a maximal graded test. Then, on two separate days, subjects completed three 7-min bouts of constant-load cycling at each of three intensities: 50% VT, 80% VT, and midpoint between VT and peak VO2 (50% Δ). CO (inert gas rebreathing) was recorded at 30 …

The Effect Of Cluster Loading On Force, Velocity, And Power During Ballistic Jump Squat Training, Keir Hansen, John Cronin, Michael Newton

Research outputs 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of set structure, in terms of repetition work:rest ratios on force, velocity, and power during jump squat training. Methods: Twenty professional and semiprofessional rugby players performed training sessions comprising four sets of 6 repetitions of a jump squat using four different set configurations. The first involved a traditional configuration (TR) of 4 × 6 repetitions with 3 min of rest between sets, the second (C1) 4 × 6 × singles (1 repetition) with 12 s of rest between repetitions, the third (C2) 4 × 3 × doubles (2 repetitions) …

Efficacy And Safety Of A Modular Multi-Modal Exercise Program In Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Daniel Galvao, Dennis R. Taaffe, Prue Cormie, Nigel Spry, Susan K. Chambers, Carolyn Peddle-Mcintyre, Michael Baker, James Denham, David Joseph, Geoff Groom, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2011

Background: The presence of bone metastases has excluded participation of prostate cancer patients in exercise intervention studies to date and is also a relative contraindication to supervised exercise in the community setting because of concerns of fragility fracture. However, this group of patients often have developed significant muscle atrophy and functional impairments from prior and continuing androgen deprivation that is exacerbated by subsequent and more intensive interventions such as chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy and safety of a modular multi-modal exercise program in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases. Methods/Design: Multi-site randomized controlled trial …

Overcoming Barriers To Implementation Of Evidence-Based Practice Concepts In Athletic Training Education: Perceptions Of Select Educators, Sarah Manspeaker, Bonnie Van Lunen

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: The need to include evidence-based practice (EBP) concepts in entry-level athletic training education is evident as the profession transitions toward using evidence to inform clinical decision making.

Objective: To evaluate athletic training educators' experience with implementation of EBP concepts in Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE)-accredited entry-level athletic training education programs in reference to educational barriers and strategies for overcoming these barriers.

Design: Qualitative interviews of emergent design with grounded theory.

Setting: Undergraduate CAATE-accredited athletic training education programs.

Patients or Other Participants: Eleven educators (3 men, 8 women). The average number of years teaching was 14.73 ± …

Impact Of Exercise Partner Attractiveness On Mood, Enjoyment, And Exertion, Thomas G. Plante, Sarah Gregg, Jaclyn Rubbo, Thomas Favero, Ashley Morisako, Jessica Cuadra

Psychology

Social comparison theory was used to examine if males exercising with a female research confederate posing as either attractive or unattractive would alter their exercise mood, exertion, and enjoyment. A total of 101 college students (51 males and 51 females) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: biking alone, biking with an attractive female confederate, or biking with the same female confederate appearing unattractive. All participants were instructed to complete 20 minutes of exercise at 60%-70% of their maximum target heart rate. Standard exercise mood measures (e.g., Activation-Deactivation Adjective Check List) were administered immediately prior to and immediately following …

Strength And Hypertrophy Responses To Constant And Decreasing Rest Intervals In Trained Men Using Creatine Supplementation, Tacito P. Souza-Junior, Jeffrey M. Willardson, Richard Bloomer, Richard D. Leite, Steven J. Fleck, Paulo R. Oliveira, Robert Simao

Jeffrey Willardson

The purpose of the current study was to compare strength and hypertrophy responses to resistance training programs that instituted constant rest intervals (CI) and decreasing rest intervals (DI) between sets over the course of eight weeks by trained men who supplemented with creatine monohydrate (CR).

Sleep Estimates In Children: Parental Versus Actigraphic Assessments, Ehab A. Dayyat, Karen Spruyt, Dennis L. Molfese, David Gozal

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: In the context of increasing awareness about the need for assessment of sleep duration in community and clinical settings, the use of questionnaire-based tools may be fraught with reporter bias. Conversely, actigraphy provides objective assessments of sleep patterns. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential discrepancies between parentally-based sleep logs and concurrent actigraphic recordings in children over a one-week period.

Methods: We studied 327 children aged 3–10 years, and included otherwise healthy, nonsnoring children from the community who were reported by their parents to be nonsnorers and had normal polysomnography, habitually-snoring children from the community …

Minimal Information For Neural Electromagnetic Ontologies (Minemo): A Standards-Compliant Method For Analysis And Integration Of Event-Related Potentials (Erp) Data, Gwen Frishkoff, Jason Sydes, Kurt Mueller, Tim Curran, John F. Connolly, Kerry Kilborn, Dennis L. Molfese, Charles Perfetti, Allen D. Malony

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

We present MINEMO (Minimal Information for Neural ElectroMagnetic Ontologies), a checklist for the description of event-related potentials (ERP) studies. MINEMO extends MINI (Minimal Information for Neuroscience Investigations)to the ERP domain. Checklist terms are explicated in NEMO, a formal ontology that is designed to support ERP data sharing and integration. MINEMO is also linked to an ERP database and web application (the NEMO portal). Users upload their data and enter MINEMO information through the portal. The database then stores these entries in RDF (Resource Description Framework), along with summary metrics, i.e., spatial and temporal metadata. Together these spatial, temporal, and functional …

Segmenting Motivation: An Analysis Of Fantasy Baseball Motives And Mediated Sport Consumption, Brendan Dwyer, Stephen L. Shapiro, Joris Drayer

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Fantasy sport consumer behavior research is a burgeoning area of inquiry as this growing segment of sport fans exhibits unconventional, yet robust media consumption habits. In addition, consumer motivation and market segmentation represent core principles within the study of marketing, yet the integration of these two essential concepts with regard to sport consumers is limited. The purpose of this study was to explore fantasy baseball motives, develop a motive-based taxonomy of users, and quantify the differences between segments through an examination of mediated sport consumption. An exploratory hierarchal cluster analysis with a subsequent K-means analysis was conducted to determine the …