Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

"Athleticated" Versus Educated: A Qualitative Investigation Of Campus Perceptions, Recruiting And African American Male Student-Athletes, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative investigation of student narratives (N= 167) about the contemporary issue of recruiting high-profile African American male student-athletes. Participants were asked to view a scene on recruiting from the film, The Program (1994). Participants were then presented with questions regarding a recruiting trip by an African American football player to a traditionally white campus. Findings indicate that both Black and White students perceived the African American male student-athletes in the film scene to be more "athleticated" than educated. They were also perceived as stereotypical sex-objects. "When athletes (especially male) show up …

Zimbabwe Household Livelihood Security Assessment. Catholic Relief Services., John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Zimbabwe Household Livelihood Security Assessment. World Vision., John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Hiv And Aids Stigma And Discrimination In China: Results From A National Survey, Karen Hardee, Tim Manchester, Victor Yuan, Benjamin Y. Clark, Amy Qi, Sarah Bradley, Zoe Shen

Benjamin Y. Clark

Because stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes and tendencies are largely prevalent in China, national and local mass media interventions have an important role to play in making Chinese citizens aware of the debilitating effects of stigma and discrimination and in reinforcing information on HIV/AIDS to reduce baseless fears of transmission.

Gatekeeper Training For Youth Workers: Impact On Mental Health Help-Seeking And Referral Skill, Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

The Youth Empowerment Series (YES!) Workshops (Wilson et al, 2000) were developed to improve gatekeepers' mental health literacy and skills for promoting effective help-seeking and social problem-solving among adolescents and young people. The curent study the skills of those attending the YES! Workshops 9 months after training.

Phonological Milestones For African American English-Speaking Children Learning Mainstream American English As A Second Dialect, Barbara Zurer Pearson, Shelley Velleman, Tiffany Charko, Timothy J. Bryant

Barbara Zurer Pearson

Purpose: This study provides milestones for phonological development in African American English (AAE) speakers learning Mainstream American English (MAE) as a second dialect for use by practicing speech-language pathologists. Method: The Dialect Sensitive Language Test (DSLT, Seymour et al., 2000) was administered to a nationwide sample of typically-developing children ages 4-12: 537 speakers of AAE as a first dialect and 317 speakers of MAE as a first dialect. DSLT items tested all consonant segments and many clusters of MAE in initial and final position. The age at which each dialect group reached 90% criterion for each segment in each position …

Festival Elephants And The Myths Of Global Poverty, John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Accounting For The Experiences Of Participants In The Evaluation Of Hiv/Aids Home Based Care Programs In Zimbabwe, John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~db=all~content=g921011820

A Day In The Life Of A Male College Athlete: A Public Perception And Qualitative Campus Investigation, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

Perceptual confirmation paradigm (PCP) rooted in social psychology, can be implemented to frame sport science research questions (Stone, Perry, & Darley, 1997). Public perception of college athletes’ lives has been scarcely investigated in the sport sciences (Keels, 2005) using the PCP to prime stereotypes. The purpose of this study was to prime stereotypes about a day in the life of a college athlete by using qualitative inquiry to assess college students’ (N = 87) perceptions. Participants provided written responses about a day in the life of a college athlete. Two different college athlete targets were used “Tyrone Walker” (n = …

Evaluation Of Heterogeneity In Pharmacotherapy Trials For Drug Dependence: A Bayesian Approach, Charles E. Green, F. G. Moeller, J. M. Schmitz, Joseph F. Lucke, S. D. Lane, A. C. Swann, Robert E. Lasky, Joseph P. Carbonari

Joseph Lucke

Difficulty identifying effective pharmacotherapies for cocaine dependence has led to suggestions that subgroup differences may account for some of the heterogeneity in treatment response. Well-attested methodologicalifficulties associated with these analyses recommend the use of Bayesian statistical reasoning for evaluation of salient interaction effects.

Methods: A secondary data analysis of a previously published, double-blind, randomized controlled trial examines the interaction of decision-making, as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task, and citalopram in increasing longest sustained abstinence from cocaine use.

Results: Bayesian analysis indicated that there was a 99% chance that improved decision-making enhances response to citalopram. Given the strong positive nature …

Masculine Socialization And Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Qualitative Exploration, David J. Malebranche, Errol L. Fields, Lawrence O. Bryant, Shaun R. Harper

David J Malebranche

Aspects of masculine socialization among Black men who have sex with men (MSM) and potential corresponding influences on high-risk sexual behaviors are explored in this study. Individual interviews were conducted with 29 Black MSM in Atlanta, Georgia. Findings included (1) formative masculine socialization experiences marked by an absence of biological fathers and Black male role models, (2) negative perceptions of “gay” identities and communities, (3) race and racial identification as intersecting influences on masculine and sexual identities, (4) the influences of masculine socialization and beliefs on partner selection and sexual behaviors, and (5) general themes of trust, control, “heat of …

A Means To An End – A Web-Based Client Management System In Palliative Care, Margaret O'Connor, Trudi Erwin, Linda Dawson

Associate Professor Linda Dawson

Home-based palliative care (hospice) services require comprehensive and fully integrated information systems to develop and manage the various aspects of their business, incorporating client data and management information. These systems assist in maintaining the quality of client care as well as improved management effi ciencies. This article reports on a large not-for-profi t home-based palliative care service in Australia, which embarked on a project to develop an electronic data management system specifi cally designed to meet the needs of the palliative care sector. This web-based client information management system represents a joint venture between the organization and a commercial company …

The Construct Validity Of Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder, Christopher J. Hopwood, Leslie C. Morey, John C. Markowitz, Anthony Pinto, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Emily B. Ansell, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Although Passive Aggressive personality disorder (PAPD) plays an important role in many theories of personality pathology, it was consigned to the appendix of the fourth edition of the DSM. The scientific basis of this decision has been questioned, but several controversies persist regarding PAPD, including its structure, content validity, overlap with other PDs, and relations to validating variables such as personality traits, childhood experiences, and clinically relevant correlates. This study examined these facets of PAPD's construct validity in a large clinical sample. Results suggest that the construct is unidimensional, internally consistent, and reasonably stable. Furthermore, PAPD appears systematically related to …

New Onsets Of Substance Use Disorders In Borderline Personality Disorder Over 7 Years Of Follow-Ups: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Marc Walter, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Leslie C. Morey, Shirley Yen, Robert L. Stout, Andrew E. Skodol

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine whether patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have a higher rate of new onsets of substance use disorders (SUD) than do patients with other personality disorders (OPD).

Design: This study uses data from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorder Study (CLPS), a prospective naturalistic study with reliable repeated measures over 7 years of follow-up.

Setting: Multiple clinical sites in four northeastern US cities.

Participants: A total of 175 patients with BPD and 396 patients with OPD (mean age 32.5 years) were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, …

10. Witnesses, Children As Legal., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

9. Authors’ Response To Vieth, Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

19. Young Children’S Competency To Take The Oath: Effects Of Task, Maltreatment, And Age., Thomas D. Lyon, Nathalie Carrick, Jodi A. Quas

Thomas D. Lyon

4. Lyon, T. D. (2007). Interviewing Children: Getting More With Less. [Powerpoint Notes]. Professionals Who Interview Children Can Obtain A Free Copy Of The Dvd From Lcoleman@Law.Usc.Edu., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Bacvarov K. (Ed.) 2008. Babies Reborn: Infant/Child Burials In Pre- And Protohistory. Proceedings Of The Xv World Congress Uispp (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006) 24, Bar S1832., Anastasia Tsaliki

Dr Anastasia Tsaliki, PhD

No abstract provided.

A Photovoice Participatory Evaluation Of A School Gardening Program Through The Eyes Of Fifth Graders, Catherine Sands, Krista Harper, Lee Ellen Reed, Maggie Shar

Catherine Sands

In the springtime, fifth grade students at the Williamsburg Elementary School in rural Western Massachusetts ask to snack on sorrel and chives from the school garden, between planting potatoes and building a shade structure for their outdoor classroom. They are members of the first cohort of the curriculum-integrated program initiated by Fertile Ground, a grassroots organization in western Massachusetts. The children’s delight in the fresh greens they have grown marks a national phenomenon: the farm-to-school movement. With limited resources, parents, teachers, students, administrators, and community activists are developing inroads to better school food and food education, by constructing school teaching …

Bayesian Statistics, Joseph F. Lucke

Joseph Lucke

No abstract provided.

Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling Of The Influences Of Family-Centered Care On Parent And Child Psychological Health, Carl J. Dunst, Carol M. Trivette

Carol M. Trivette

Club Drug Use In Hispanic College Students, Michelle R. Resor, Theodore V. Cooper

Theodore V. Cooper

No abstract provided.

An Assessment Of Treatment Integrity In Behavioral Intervention Studies Conducted With Persons With Mental Retardation, John J. Wheeler, Michael R. Mayton, Stacy L. Carter, Anthony L. Menendez, Ann Huang

John J. Wheeler

Aerobic Fitness And Cognitive Development: Event-Related Brain Potential And Task Performance Indices Of Executive Control In Preadolescent Children, Jason R. Themanson, Charles H. Hillman, Sarah M. Buck, Matthew B. Pontifex, Darla M. Castelli

Jason R. Themanson, Ph.D

The relationship between aerobic fitness and executive control was assessed in 38 higher- and lower-fit children (M_age = 9.4 years), grouped according to their performance on a field test of aerobic capacity. Participants performed a flanker task requiring variable amounts of executive control while event-related brain potential responses and task performance were assessed. Results indicated that higher-fit children performed more accurately across conditions of the flanker task and following commission errors when compared to lower-fit children, whereas no group differences were observed for reaction time. Neuroelectric data indicated that P3 amplitude was larger for higher- compared to lower-fit children …

Attribution Theory And Healthcare Culture: Translational Management Science Contributes A Framework To Identify The Etiology Of Punitive Clinical Environments, Patrick Albert Palmieri

Patrick Albert Palmieri

The Institute of Medicine’s seminal report, To err is human: Building a safer health system, established the national patient safety framework and initiated interest in changing the traditionally punitive healthcare culture. This paper reviews a multidisciplinary literature and offers an attribution framework to explicate the organizational processes that contribute to an industry-wide culture where clinicians are routinely blamed for adverse patient events. Attribution theory is concerned with the manner in which people explain the behaviors of others or themselves by assigning causality for events. To date, attribution theory, though well established in the management literature, has yet to be translated …