Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Definition, Assessment And Treatment Of Visual Dependence, Shu-Chun Lee

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Effective orientation and balance are based on the integration of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive sensory inputs. Vision plays a significant role in spatial orientation and posture maintenance; however, a static tilted frame or dynamic rotating visual disturbance can affect orientation and balance. Visual dependence (VD) is a term used to describe people who overly rely on visual information. Individuals with VD have difficulty in resolving situations wherein visual information is complex or inaccurate. They show greater postural instability and complain of incidences of dizziness and vertigo in sensory conflicting conditions, such as walking along the pavement or the aisle of …

Viscosity Of Commercial Thickeners At A Honey- Or Nectar-Like Consistency And Their Changes Over Time, Wei-Chun Che, Meng-I Kuo, Tsan-Hon Liou, Yuan-Ching Tsai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Patients with dysphagia often have difficulties in swallowing liquids. Using thickened liquids is a compensatory strategy frequently recommended by speech－language pathologists to reduce the risk of aspiration in patients with dysphagia . However, the thickening effects might vary with time and different thickening products. Furthermore, the desired viscosity might not be attained. This study investigated the viscosity of water that was thickened to a nectar- or honey-like consistency by using five thickening products marketed in Taiwan. The viscosity of the samples at different time periods was compared. The results were also compared with the guidelines of the National Dysphagia …

Prediction Of Peak Oxygen Consumption In Patients With Cardiac Disease Using A 3 Minutes' Step Test Combined With Heart Rate Variability., Chia-Hao Liu, Shu-Chun Huang, Jong-Shyan Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Peak oxygen consumption (Peak VO_2) is a recognized indicator of overall functions of the cardiac-vascular system, and the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is considered the golden standard for determining peak VO_2. However, there are limitations to performing CPET, including high cost, long testing time, staff risks and participant’s discomfort during the test. In contrast, Submaximal exercise testing can be an alternative for assessing cardiovascular fitness with minimal risk and lower cost. The step test, one of the submaximal exercise tests, was the first to be described as a method for assessing exercise capacity in the early 20th century. Various …

A Pilot Study Of Concomitant Injection Of Botulinum Toxin Type A In Detrusor And External Sphincter For Treatment Of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction In Six Patients With Spinal Cord Injury, Chiung-Wei Chen, Sung-Lang Chen, Yu-Hui Huang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: This study examines clinical voiding records and urodynamic data to evaluate the therapeutic effects of concomitant botulinum toxin injections to the detrusor and external sphincter for the management of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in patients of spinal cord injury (SCI).Method: SCI patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction who have both detrusor overactivity and detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia were recruited from a medical center in Central Taiwan. Six patients received concomitant injections of botulinum toxin to the detrusor and external sphincter. Their voiding records and urodynamic studies were compared between pre-treatment and one month post-treatment. Results: A total of 6 patients were …

Plantar Pressure Distribution In Patients With Flexible Flatfoot: Measured By Platform System And In-Shoe System, Alice Chu Wen Tang, Ho Mu Wu, Chih-Kuang Chen, Simon Fuk Tan Tang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Flatfoot is characterized with insufficiency of the medial longitudinal arch and flexible flatfoot is the most predominant type which leads to numerous clinical problems. This study aimed at investigating the plantar pressure distribution in flexible flatfoot patients with platform system and in-shoe system. Nineteen flexible flatfoot patients and fifteen normal subjects were recruited. Foot Function Index (FFI) was used for subjective symptoms report, and higher scores indicated worse clinical condition. Plantar pressure were assessed with Emed-X system and Pedar in-shoe system. Student independent-t test was used for statistical analysis, and statistical significance was set at p＜0.05. The results showed that …

Vocational Assessment Following Work-Related Injury In A Worker: A Casereport, Fang-Ling Chien, Chia-Ling Lee, Shih-Ching Peng, Hui-Chuan Lin

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Work-related injuries can prevent workers from returning to their original jobs because of physical and psychological barriers. To reduce the social burden of these injuries and promote independence, re-employment of workers affected by work-related injuries is an important task. Vocational assessments help explore each worker's abilities and transferable skills, and thus help workers achieve self-understanding, develop suitable occupational goals, and adjust their work content. This paper describes the manner by which vocational assessment helped a worker who was injured due to a traffic accident of work by helping the worker understand her career potential, interests, transferable skills, and physiological condition, …

A Correlation Study Between Activity Items Of Touch Screen System For Upper Extremity Training And Functional Performance In Upper Limb Among Patients With Stroke, Shu-Yu Yang, Pei-Chi Hsiao, Yu-Sheng Yang, Chi-Min Yang, Jyh-Jong Chang, Ying-Chun Chou

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Because of progress made in human-machine interfaces, touchscreens increasingly play a key role in daily living. A task-oriented concept combined with a computerized touchscreen training system was developed and used to facilitate upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. However, the reliability and validity of the activity items within the system required further verification. Therefore, the aims of this study were 1) to examine the reliability of scores for the activity items when patients with stroke used this device and 2) to verify criterion-related validity by analyzing the relationship between scores from this device and other standard upper limb functional assessments. Thirty …

Speech Functions And Acoustic Analysis In Children With Cerebral Palsy Having Different Communication Levels, Yi-Ching Huang, Chia-Ling Chen, Chia-Ying Chung, Katie Pei-Hsuan Wu, Huei-Mei Liu, Hsieh-Ching Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often exhibit problems with language, speech, and communication. The aim of this study was to examine speech functions and perform an acoustic analysis of speech in children with CP having different levels of proficiency in communication. This study recruited 24 children with CP (17 boys, 7 girls; mean age: 8 years and 4 months, age range: 6-12 years). Children with CP were classified into two groups based on the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS): the mild group (levels I and II) and the severe group (levels III and IV). Children with CP underwent clinical assessments …

Comparison Of Conventional Elastic Bandages And Novel Hand Gloves By Measuring Changes In Stroke Patients' Hand Temperature During Passive Upper Limb Exercises, Mei-Yi Lee, Chan-Yu Taso, Ka-Hei Lao, Shu-Shi Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Elastic bandages are often used to secure stroke patients' affected upper limbs to exercise equipment during physical rehabilitation. However, the application of elastic bandages can cause soft tissue injuries in patients' extremities. Therefore, our research team developed novel medical hand gloves, called ＂Yole Hands,＂ to safely secure stroke patients' affected hands to exercise equipment. This study compared conventional elastic bandages with Yole Hands by measuring changes in stroke patients' hand temperature during passive upper limb exercises. This study recruited 18 stroke patients aged 63.1 ± 13.4 years from a rehabilitation clinic. A thermograph (midi LOGGER GL220, Graphtec) was used to …

Effect Of Lower Extremity Resistance Training On Balance Ability In Hemiparetic Patients, Huang-Chun Liu, Chia-Pei Chen, Dersheng Han

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background and Purpose: Balance ability is one of the important influencing factors of the quality of life of hemiplegic patients. It is to prevent falls and maintain self-care and independent walking ability. Lower extremity resistance training can effectively improve muscle strength, muscle power, and balance. However, studies focused on balance and muscle power are scarce. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the effects of resistance training interventions on the balance ability of hemiplegic patients. Methods: In this study, 35 hemiplegic patients participated, with a mean age of 54.3 ± 17.9 years. The participants received resistance training for 18 weeks, …

Is Ultrasound Reliable For The Diagnosis Of Knee Medial Collateral Ligament Injury?, Chun-Li Liao, Chih-Wei Yu, Yu-Hsuan Cheng, Tyng-Guey Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound with that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for injuries of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one consecutive patients from September 1, 2014 to January 31, 2016 were included. Ultrasound of the knee MCL was performed by physiatrists, and the images were re-read by an experienced sonographer (also a physiatrist). MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans of the knee MCL were examined by radiologists and the reports were compared with the findings of the ultrasound. The knee MCL was determined to be injured or intact, and the correlation …

Download Entire Issue: Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education And Evaluation (Jcipe), Volume 8, Number 2, Fall 2017

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

Download Entire Issue: Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE), Volume 8, Number 2, Fall 2017

Meet An Ipe Champion From Thomas Jefferson University: Michaela Scotten, Michaela Scotten, Ots

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

As part of the two-year curriculum for my Master's degree in Occupational Therapy, I engaged in the Health Mentors Program. Additionally, I had the honor of volunteering with No One Dies Alone through the student IPE interest group throughout my last year. My main involvement with JCIPE was through Student Hotspotting, beginning July, 2016 (offered through Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers Primary Care Progress, and Association of American Medical Colleges). I had the opportunity to work with an interdisciplinary team of eight students and four faculty members to identify "super-utilizing" patients with complex psychosocial and healthcare needs. As a team, …

Idiopathic Obturator Internus Strain In A Collegiate Tennis Player: A Case Report, Stephen A. Cage, Brandon J. Warner

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Objective: Present a clinical case detailing the evaluation and treatment of an idiopathic obturator internus strain in a collegiate tennis player. Background: Isolated injury to the obturator internus muscle is uncommon. In cases that do present, patients often report often report a mechanism for injury involving falling or kicking. In previously reported cases, diagnosis is confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment: Patient presented to the athletic training clinic complaining of left hip external rotator tightness and pain, and was unable to recall a mechanism of injury. Following the failure of conservative treatment, final diagnosis of a grade II obturator …

Injury And Illness In Marching Band And Color Guard Members And The Need For Athletic Trainers: A Critically Appraised Topic, Alissa C. Rhode

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: To determine the prevalence, incidence, risk, rate, and type of injury and illness suffered by collegiate and high school marching band (MB) and color guard (CG) members and determine if there is a need for medical coverage. Methods: Articles were identified from: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine Collection, ScienceDirect, and single-citation matching using search string, ["marching band" OR "color guard" OR "marching athlete" AND injury] from January 1990-to-October 2016, resulting in 141 articles. Following screening (title, abstract), six articles were reviewed. Four met these inclusion criteria: (1) peer-reviewed, cross-sectional studies, (2) high school or collegiate-aged members, …

The Head Shake Sensory Organization Test (Hs-Sot): Normative Data And Correlation With Dynamic Visual Acuity Testing, Andrea E. Cripps, Scott C. Livingston

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Background: Among healthy (asymptomatic) subjects and patients, the relationship between performance on the Head Shake Sensory Organization Test (HS-SOT) and performance on the Dynamic Visual Acuity (DVA) testing has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to establish normative data for the HS-SOT and compare performance on the HS-SOT and the DVA test. Hypothesis: A strong positive correlation would exist between the DVA and the HS-SOT. Study Design: A cross-sectional design was used. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Sixty asymptomatic subjects (34 females, 26 males, ages 20 to 26 years, 23.7±1.6) participated. Each subject’s dynamic balance …

Utilization Of Cupping Therapy In The Treatment Of Vascular Thoracic Outlet Syndrome In A Collegiate Pitcher: A Case Study, Stephen A. Cage, Diana M. Gallegos, Brandon J. Warner

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Objective: Present a clinical case detailing the effectiveness of dry cupping therapy in treating thoracic outlet syndrome. The utilization of dry cupping therapy on a 20-year-old collegiate baseball pitcher with diagnosed thoracic outlet syndrome is presented. Background: Thoracic outlet syndrome is a relatively rare musculoskeletal condition affecting 1/100,000 patients annually. Dry cupping therapy is an ancient therapeutic modality that utilizes various means of suction with the goal of decompressing myofascial layers. Treatment: Following diagnosis, patient was successfully treated in two weeks using dry cupping therapy. The patient experienced no further incidence of thoracic outlet syndrome symptoms and was able …

Athletic Trainers’ Knowledge Of Legal Practice Within Information Technology And Social Media, Elizabeth R. Neil, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Lindsey E. Eberman

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: As healthcare and technology continue to connect in daily practice, athletic trainers (ATs) must be knowledgeable of the governing acts for ethical and legal clinical practice. This is vital to ensure ethical and legal practice as a clinician and protection of confidential protected health information (PHI). The objective of this study was to assess certified athletic trainers’ knowledge of regulations within technology and social media (SoMe). Methods: Certified ATs were recruited from the National Athletic Trainers’ Association membership database. Respondents completed an instrument of 28 questions, including 16 participant demographics, clinical site demographics, SoMe usage and general questions, and …

Effects Of Aquatic And Land Plyometrics On Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review, Alissa Rhode, David C. Berry

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this study was to systematically review literature to determine whether aquatic plyometric training (APT) increases athletic performance compared to land-based plyometric training (LPT). We identified 6 articles from PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and single-citation matching from January, 1995 through January, 2017 using search words “aquatic plyometric training OR aquatic plyometric OR aquatic plyometrics.” After screening (title, abstract), 6 articles were reviewed for inclusion criteria: (1) full-report/abstract, (2) peer-reviewed RCTs/clinical trials, (3) English language, (4) focused on healthy individuals (free of current, lower-extremity, musculoskeletal injuries) ages 16-30 years, and (6) included strength, power, and/or vertical jump [VJ] dependent …

Integration Of Animal-Assisted Therapy Standards In Pediatric Occupational Therapy, Sara J. Shue, Melissa Y. Winkle, M J Mulcahey

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

The primary purpose of this study was to describe how the best practice recommendations and standards of practice related to animal-assisted therapy (AAT) are being incorporated into pediatric occupational therapy (OT). The study design was a nonexperimental survey that identified the qualifications of pediatric occupational therapists that are incorporating AAT, the AAT standards of practice that are or are not used in practice, and the barriers and facilitators to being an AAT qualified occupational therapist. There were 21 respondents to the survey. The majority of respondents had a master’s degree, more than 10 years working as an occupational therapist, less …

The Occupational Experiences Of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender (Lgbt) Individuals During The Coming Out Process: An Analysis Of Self-Acceptance, Disclosure, And Occupational Change, Lee Meach

OCCUPATION: A Medium of Inquiry about Health through Occupation

Human occupation is an intensely individual process that is colored by the cultural and life experiences of the individual who is engaged in an activity. The experiences of gender and sexual minorities typically defined as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) individuals are different in many ways from the rest of the population. One occupation unique to this community is the process of “coming out” in which the individual discloses their minority sexual orientation or gender identity to others. The coming out process is complex and multi-faceted, involving both the internal reflective process of first self-accepting one’s orientation and identity …

November 2017 Issue, Occupation: A Medium Of Inquiry For Students, Faculty & Other Practitioners Advocating For Health Through Occupational Studies

OCCUPATION: A Medium of Inquiry about Health through Occupation

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Occupation And Impairment Based Assessments Used In Occupational Therapy, Mariana D'Amico

OCCUPATION: A Medium of Inquiry about Health through Occupation

Objective: The objective of this paper was to analyze the psychometrics, efficacy, and usefulness of assessments to measure occupational performance and occupation-based outcomes.

Methodology: Eight Doctor of Occupational Therapy Students at Nova Southeastern University, along with their professor, analyzed and appraised 46 commonly used assessments to discover and explore the assessments’ purposes, theory-bases, psychometric properties, and usefulness as outcome measures.

Results: We found that many high quality assessments exist and meet the standards for validity and reliability. Although some assessments are client-centered and useful, some still require additional research to strengthen their psychometric properties.

Conclusion: Some widely used assessments …

What Happens After The Nicu? Parents Experience Of Caring For Their Premature Infants At Home, Amanda Pignon

OCCUPATION: A Medium of Inquiry about Health through Occupation

This paper reviews the literature on what happens after the NICU with premature babies and their families and provides perspective of a lived experience. There have been numerous studies conducted on the traumatic experience of the NICU, however there is limited research involving the parenting process and experience following the NICU and caring for a high risk infant at home. Articles were searched through two databases, CINAHL and Pubmed, yielding 15 articles in which three specific themes were outlined; psychological distress of parents, perceptions of parents and linking family to resources. While there are programs available for families, not all …

Without Warning? What Occupational Challenges Cause Suicide Among Minority Young Adults? A Literature Review

OCCUPATION: A Medium of Inquiry about Health through Occupation

Suicide is a major public health concern within the United States. Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death for all age groups and the second leading cause of death among young adults aged 15-35. This literature review examines the increase of suicide death rates in young adults age 15-35, specifically young adult minority groups. African American, American Indian, Asian American and Hispanic American have unique occupational challenges that led to the act of suicide. In this review various protective and risk factors are examined to determine the best intervention and prevention measures required to address the epidemic of young …

Movement Without Boundaries, Jennifer Fortuna

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Johnson Simon, an artist based in West Palm Beach, FL, provided the cover art for the Fall 2017 edition of The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy (OJOT). “Dancing in Motion” is a 36” x 60” painting made from acrylic on canvas. Johnson always wanted to become a dancer. He was born with cerebral palsy, and therefore physical limitations make it difficult for Johnson to coordinate his body movements. Through use of vibrant colors and bold strokes, Johnson’s expressionist paintings evoke movement and motion. Occupational therapy helped Johnson discover his artistic abilities. Painting empowered him to move without limitations.

Overview Of Instructional Technology Used In The Education Of Occupational Therapy Students: A Survey Study, Bryan M. Gee, Lisa Salazar, Jessica Porter, Camiel Clark, Theodore W. Peterson

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

The purpose of this study was to explore the type of instructional technology (IT) master’s degree level occupational therapy educational programs routinely use as a part of their lecture- and laboratory-based instruction. Surveying the administrators of 121 graduate occupational therapy programs in the United States, we found that the majority of the respondents identified their program as using IT in some form for lecture-based courses, with less inclusion of IT for laboratory-based courses. Hybrid instruction, with the majority of the content being delivered face-to-face and the remainder via online, were the trends among the respondents. The findings also indicated that …

Perceptions Of Occupational Therapy Students And Faculty Of Compressed Courses: A Pilot Study, Martina G. Allen, Mary Voytek

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

As occupational therapists, our mandate is to be client centered, yet in academic settings there is little information regarding student or faculty preferences about curriculum and course design. This study investigated the perceptions of occupational therapy students and faculty regarding the delivery of content in a compressed course format, thus reducing the number of courses taken at any given time. The authors discuss how the results inform the feasibility of incorporating this format into future curriculum design. A descriptive survey design was used for this study. The participants were 33 entry-level graduate students and two faculty who completed post-course surveys …

Occupational Therapy Students In Norway: Do Their Approaches To Studying Vary By Year In The Program?, Tore Bonsaksen, Mikkel M. Thørrisen, Talieh Sadeghi

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Approaches to studying may be influenced by students’ age, maturity, and experience in higher education. Students’ approaches to studying may develop toward deep and/or strategic approaches and away from a surface approach as they move through the curriculum, which is generally considered a positive development. This study aimed to identify differences in approaches to studying among first-, second-, and third-year students enrolled in an occupational therapy program. Three cohorts of students (n = 160) from one university college completed the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) along with sociodemographic information. One-way analyses of variance were used to …

Educating Occupational Therapists In The Use Of Theory And Evidence To Enhance Supervision Practice, Melanie J. Roberts, Deborah Fitzgerald, Matthew Molineux

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

This paper describes the implementation of a unique learning experience aimed at enhancing the quality of supervision practice in occupational therapy at the Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service. The package was designed by experienced occupational therapy educators based on adult, blended, and flipped learning approaches with content developed following administration of a standardized tool and semi-structured interviews. The learning package focused particularly on the logistics of supervision and the use of occupational therapy theory and evidence with supervision. The training for supervising therapists included a workshop and pre and post workshop learning activities. This collaborative research approach to designing …