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Articles 31 - 60 of 154
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Estudo Longitudinal De Saúde Do Adulto -Elsa-Brasil [English], Paulo A. Lotufo
Estudo Longitudinal De Saúde Do Adulto -Elsa-Brasil [English], Paulo A. Lotufo
Paulo A Lotufo
Presentation update on September, 2011.
Response: Hiv Testing For Whole Populations, Daniel Halperin, Malcolm Potts, Doug Kirby, Jeff Klausner, Richard Wamai, Ann Swidler, Elliot Marseille, Norman Hearst
Response: Hiv Testing For Whole Populations, Daniel Halperin, Malcolm Potts, Doug Kirby, Jeff Klausner, Richard Wamai, Ann Swidler, Elliot Marseille, Norman Hearst
Richard G. Wamai
No abstract provided.
Unsafe Sexual Behaviors Among Hiv-Positive Men In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Krishna Poudel, Shinji Nakahara, Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar, Junko Yasuoka, Masamine Jimba
Unsafe Sexual Behaviors Among Hiv-Positive Men In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Krishna Poudel, Shinji Nakahara, Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar, Junko Yasuoka, Masamine Jimba
Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar
International Strategy For Disaster Reduction – World Health Organization 2008-09 Campaign On Safer Healthcare Facilities, Richard N. Bradley
International Strategy For Disaster Reduction – World Health Organization 2008-09 Campaign On Safer Healthcare Facilities, Richard N. Bradley
Richard N Bradley
Many recent emergencies highlight the need for hospitals that are safer and more resistant to disasters. The International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, an instrument of the United Nations General Assembly, and the World Health Organization have addressed the need for safer and more disaster-resistant healthcare facilities by making this priority the theme of their 2008 – 2009 biennial World Campaign on Disaster Reduction.
Epidemiology Of Copd Exacerbations, Andrea K. Johnston, David M. Mannino
Epidemiology Of Copd Exacerbations, Andrea K. Johnston, David M. Mannino
David M. Mannino
Chapter Opening
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is expected to be the third cause of death worldwide by the year 2020, behind only cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease (1), and the fifth leading cause of disability-adjusted life years lost (2). In the United States, COPD accounted for 8 million outpatient visits, 1.5 millions emergency department (ED) visits, 726,000 hospitalizations, and 119,000 deaths in 2000, with the number of women dying from COPD surpassing the number of men for the first time (3). In the United Kingdom, COPD exacerbations are now the most common cause of hospital admission (4). Acute exacerbations …
Grounded Theory, Mixed Methods, And Action Research, Lorelei Lingard, Mathieu Albert, Wendy Levinson
Grounded Theory, Mixed Methods, And Action Research, Lorelei Lingard, Mathieu Albert, Wendy Levinson
Lorelei Lingard
No abstract provided.
Breast Cancer Susceptibility Loci And Mammographic Density, Rulla M. Tamimi, David Cox, Peter Kraft, Graham A. Colditz, Susan E. Hankinson, David J. Hunter
Breast Cancer Susceptibility Loci And Mammographic Density, Rulla M. Tamimi, David Cox, Peter Kraft, Graham A. Colditz, Susan E. Hankinson, David J. Hunter
Susan E. Hankinson
Introduction Recently, the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) conducted a multi-stage genome-wide association study and identified 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breast cancer risk. Given the high degree of heritability of mammographic density and its strong association with breast cancer, it was hypothesised that breast cancer susceptibility loci may also be associated with breast density and provide insight into the biology of breast density and how it influences breast cancer risk. Methods We conducted an analysis in the Nurses' Health Study (n = 1121) to assess the relation between 11 breast cancer susceptibility loci and mammographic density. At …
Book Review 16 Wellness Leadership: Creating Supportive Environments For Healthier And More Productive Employees By Judd Allen, Ph.D., William C. Mcpeck
Book Review 16 Wellness Leadership: Creating Supportive Environments For Healthier And More Productive Employees By Judd Allen, Ph.D., William C. Mcpeck
William C. McPeck
This is my personal review of Wellness Leadership: Creating supportive environments for healthier and more productive employees by Judd Allen, Ph.D. which was published in 2008 by Healthycultures.com.
Plan Your Future With Advance Directives Poster, Debra M. Sellers
Plan Your Future With Advance Directives Poster, Debra M. Sellers
Debra M. Sellers
Poster, three pages that define Living Will, Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care.
Critically Appraising Qualitative Research, Ayelet Kuper, Lorelei Lingard, Wendy Levinson
Critically Appraising Qualitative Research, Ayelet Kuper, Lorelei Lingard, Wendy Levinson
Lorelei Lingard
No abstract provided.
Reframing Global Health & Environmental Issues In The 21st Century, Nat Quansah
Reframing Global Health & Environmental Issues In The 21st Century, Nat Quansah
Nat Quansah
No abstract provided.
Vitamin Content Of Breast Milk From Hiv-1–Infected Mothers Before And After Flash-Heat Treatment, Kiersten Israel-Ballard, Barbara Abrams, Anna Coutsoudis, Lindiwe Sibeko, Lynn Cheryk, Caroline Chantry
Vitamin Content Of Breast Milk From Hiv-1–Infected Mothers Before And After Flash-Heat Treatment, Kiersten Israel-Ballard, Barbara Abrams, Anna Coutsoudis, Lindiwe Sibeko, Lynn Cheryk, Caroline Chantry
Lindiwe Sibeko
(EBM) as one method to reduce postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in developing countries. Flash-heat is a simple heat treatment method shown to inactivate cell-free HIV. Objective—To determine the effect of flash-heat on vitamin content of milk. Methods—Fresh EBM was collected from 50 HIV+ mothers in Durban, South Africa. Mothers washed their hands and then manually expressed 75–150 mL EBM into sterile jars. Milk was aliquoted to unheated controls or flash-heat (50 mL EBM in a glass jar heated in a 450-mL water jacket in an aluminum pan until water boiled, then EBM removed) simulating field conditions with …
Changes In Muscle And Joint Coordination In Learning To Direct Forces, Christopher J. Hasson, Graham E. Caldwell, Richard E.A. Van Emmerik
Changes In Muscle And Joint Coordination In Learning To Direct Forces, Christopher J. Hasson, Graham E. Caldwell, Richard E.A. Van Emmerik
Graham E. Caldwell
While it has been suggested that biarticular muscles have a specialized role in directing external reaction forces, it is unclear how humans learn to coordinate mono- and bi-articular muscles to perform force-directing tasks. Subjects were asked to direct pedal forces in a specified target direction during one-legged cycling. We expected that with practice, performance improvement would be associated with specific changes in joint torque patterns and mono- and bi-articular muscular coordination. Nine male subjects practiced pedaling an ergometer with only their left leg, and were instructed to always direct their applied pedal force perpendicular to the crank arm (target direction) …
Multiple B-Vitamin Inadequacy Amplifies Alterations Induced By Folate Depletion In P53 Expression And Its Downstream Effector Mdm2, Zhenhua Liu, Sang-Woon Choi, Jimmy W. Crott, Donald E. Smith, Joel B. Mason
Multiple B-Vitamin Inadequacy Amplifies Alterations Induced By Folate Depletion In P53 Expression And Its Downstream Effector Mdm2, Zhenhua Liu, Sang-Woon Choi, Jimmy W. Crott, Donald E. Smith, Joel B. Mason
Zhenhua Liu
Folate is required for biological methylation and nucleotide synthesis, aberrations of which are thought to be the mechanisms that enhance colorectal carcinogenesis produced by folate inadequacy. These functions of folate also depend on the availability of other B-vitamins that participate in “onecarbon metabolism,” including B2, B6 and B12. Our study therefore investigated whether combined dietary restriction of these vitamins amplifies aberrations in the epigenetic and genetic integrity of the p53 gene that is induced by folate depletion alone. Ninety-six mice were group pair-fed diets with different combinations of B-vitamin depletion over 10 weeks. DNA and RNA were extracted from epithelial …
The Mobilize Boston Study: Design And Methods Of A Prospective Cohort Study Of Novel Risk Factors For Falls In An Older Population, Suzanne G. Leveille
The Mobilize Boston Study: Design And Methods Of A Prospective Cohort Study Of Novel Risk Factors For Falls In An Older Population, Suzanne G. Leveille
Suzanne G. Leveille
Abstract
Background: Falls are the sixth leading cause of death in elderly people in the U.S. Despite progress in understanding risk factors for falls, many suspected risk factors have not been adequately studied. Putative risk factors for falls such as pain, reductions in cerebral blood flow, somatosensory deficits, and foot disorders are poorly understood, in part because they pose measurement challenges, particularly for large observational studies.
Methods: The MOBILIZE Boston Study (MBS), an NIA-funded Program Project, is a prospective cohort study of a unique set of risk factors for falls in seniors in the Boston area. Using a door-to-door population-based …
Mental Health Services Research & Policy Collection: Arl Collection Initiative, Phyllis Ruscella, Ardis Hanson, John Abresch, Claudia Dold
Mental Health Services Research & Policy Collection: Arl Collection Initiative, Phyllis Ruscella, Ardis Hanson, John Abresch, Claudia Dold
Ardis Hanson
An ARL-level mental health services research and policy collection will support, not only the international and national goals of improving mental health; it also positions USF (USF) within the renowned health services research community, becoming peers with other major university health services research centers. The further development of the mental health services research and policy collections, with the foci on disaster mental health and vulnerable populations and the improved access to related mental health services research grey literature, directly supports USF’s stated goals. It expands the university’s capacity for world-renowned interdisciplinary research. It supports globally competitive undergraduate, graduate, and professional …
Risk Prediction Models With Incomplete Data With Application To Prediction Of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Prospective Data From The Nurses' Health Study, Bernard Rosner, Graham A. Colditz, J. Dirk Iglehart, Susan E. Hankinson
Risk Prediction Models With Incomplete Data With Application To Prediction Of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Prospective Data From The Nurses' Health Study, Bernard Rosner, Graham A. Colditz, J. Dirk Iglehart, Susan E. Hankinson
Graham Andrew Colditz
Introduction A number of breast cancer risk prediction models have been developed to provide insight into a woman's individual breast cancer risk. Although circulating levels of estradiol in postmenopausal women predict subsequent breast cancer risk, whether the addition of estradiol levels adds significantly to a model's predictive power has not previously been evaluated. Methods Using linear regression, the authors developed an imputed estradiol score using measured estradiol levels (the outcome) and both case status and risk factor data (for example, body mass index) from a nested case-control study conducted within a large prospective cohort study and used multiple imputation methods …
Risk Prediction Models With Incomplete Data With Application To Prediction Of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Prospective Data From The Nurses' Health Study, Bernard Rosner, Graham A. Colditz, J. Dirk Iglehart, Susan E. Hankinson
Risk Prediction Models With Incomplete Data With Application To Prediction Of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Prospective Data From The Nurses' Health Study, Bernard Rosner, Graham A. Colditz, J. Dirk Iglehart, Susan E. Hankinson
Susan E. Hankinson
Introduction A number of breast cancer risk prediction models have been developed to provide insight into a woman's individual breast cancer risk. Although circulating levels of estradiol in postmenopausal women predict subsequent breast cancer risk, whether the addition of estradiol levels adds significantly to a model's predictive power has not previously been evaluated. Methods Using linear regression, the authors developed an imputed estradiol score using measured estradiol levels (the outcome) and both case status and risk factor data (for example, body mass index) from a nested case-control study conducted within a large prospective cohort study and used multiple imputation methods …
Assistive Technology Postcard, Debra M. Sellers, Erin J. Dittman
Assistive Technology Postcard, Debra M. Sellers, Erin J. Dittman
Debra M. Sellers
Postcard on assistive technology, tools to help make life easier, for people with arthritis, disabilities, etc.
Fashion An Easier Lifestyle With Assistive Technology: Leader's Guide, Debra M. Sellers, Erin J. Dittman
Fashion An Easier Lifestyle With Assistive Technology: Leader's Guide, Debra M. Sellers, Erin J. Dittman
Debra M. Sellers
Assistive technology is about tools to help make life easier, for people with arthritis, disabilities, etc. It helps with meals, housework, personal care, and other activities.
Fashion An Easier Lifestyle With Assistive Technology: Fact Sheet, Debra M. Sellers, Erin J. Dittman
Fashion An Easier Lifestyle With Assistive Technology: Fact Sheet, Debra M. Sellers, Erin J. Dittman
Debra M. Sellers
Assistive technology is about tools to help make life easier, for people with arthritis, disabilities, etc. It helps with meals, housework, personal care, and other activities.
Doctors As Patients: A Systematic Review Of Doctors' Health Access And The Barriers They Experience, Margaret Kay, Geoffrey Mitchell, Alexandra Clavarino, Jenny Doust
Doctors As Patients: A Systematic Review Of Doctors' Health Access And The Barriers They Experience, Margaret Kay, Geoffrey Mitchell, Alexandra Clavarino, Jenny Doust
Jenny Doust
Background The need to improve doctors' access to health care by reducing the barriers they experience has been regularly described in the literature, yet the barriers experienced are not well defined, despite the volume of expert opinion in this area. Aim To define what is known about doctors' access to health care from the data within the current literature.Design of study A systematic review of studies of doctors' health access.Method A systematic search of MEDLINE® and CINAHL, supplemented by citation searches and searches of the grey literature, identified both quantitative and qualitative studies. Two reviewers used specific criteria for inclusion …
Cyp1b1 Knockdown Does Not Alter Synergistic Developmental Toxicity Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Alicia Timme-Laragy, Pamela Noyes, Donald Buhler, Richard Di Giulio
Cyp1b1 Knockdown Does Not Alter Synergistic Developmental Toxicity Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Alicia Timme-Laragy, Pamela Noyes, Donald Buhler, Richard Di Giulio
Alicia R. Timme-Laragy
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants increasing in the environment largely due to burning of fossil fuels. Our previous work identified a synergistic toxicity interaction in zebrafish embryos occurring when PAHs that are agonists for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) co-occur with PAHs that are CYP1A inhibitors. This toxicity is mediated by the AHR2, and morpholino knockdown of CYP1A exacerbated toxicity. This study tested two hypotheses: 1) in the absence of functional CYP1A, metabolism of PAHs is shunted towards CYP1B1, which has been shown in mammals to produce more reactive metabolites of PAHs; alternatively 2) CYP1B1 serves a protective role …
Know When To Rock The Boat: How Faculty Rationalize Students' Behaviors, Shiphra Ginsburg, Lorelei Lingard, Glenn Regehr, Kathryn Underwood
Know When To Rock The Boat: How Faculty Rationalize Students' Behaviors, Shiphra Ginsburg, Lorelei Lingard, Glenn Regehr, Kathryn Underwood
Lorelei Lingard
BACKGROUND: When faculty evaluate medical students' professionalism, they make judgments based on the observation of behaviors. However, we lack an understanding of why they feel certain behaviors are appropriate (or not).
OBJECTIVE: To explore faculty's reasoning around potential student behaviors in professionally challenging situations.
DESIGN: Guided interviews with faculty who were asked to respond to 5 videotaped scenarios depicting students in professionally challenging situations.
SUBJECTS: Purposive sample of 30 attending Internists and surgeons.
APPROACH: Transcripts were analyzed using modified grounded theory to search for emerging themes and to attempt to validate a previous framework based on student responses.
RESULTS: Faculty's …
Predicting Dynamic Postural Instability Using Center Of Mass Time-To-Contact Information, Christopher J. Hasson, Richard E.A. Van Emmerik, Graham E. Caldwell
Predicting Dynamic Postural Instability Using Center Of Mass Time-To-Contact Information, Christopher J. Hasson, Richard E.A. Van Emmerik, Graham E. Caldwell
Graham E. Caldwell
Our purpose was to determine whether spatiotemporal measures of center of mass motion relative to the base of support boundary could predict stepping strategies after upper-body postural perturbations in humans. We expected that inclusion of center of mass acceleration in such time-tocontact (TtC) calculations would give better predictions and more advanced warning of perturbation severity. TtC measures were compared with traditional postural variables, which don’t consider support boundaries, and with an inverted pendulum model of dynamic stability developed by Hof et al. (2005). A pendulum was used to deliver sequentially increasing perturbations to 10 young adults, who were strapped to …
Interventions For Stroke Rehabilitation: Analysis Of The Research Contained In The Otseeker Evidence Database, Tammy Hoffmann, Sally Bennett, Kryss Mckenna, Julie Green-Hill, Annie Mccluskey, Leigh Tooth
Interventions For Stroke Rehabilitation: Analysis Of The Research Contained In The Otseeker Evidence Database, Tammy Hoffmann, Sally Bennett, Kryss Mckenna, Julie Green-Hill, Annie Mccluskey, Leigh Tooth
Tammy Hoffmann
Purpose: To analyse the stroke content in OTseeker in terms of the quantity of the research evidence, the quality of the randomised controlled trials (RCTs), and the types of interventions and outcome measures used.
Method: A survey of stroke-related content in the OTseeker database was conducted in 2007. The year of publication and intervention categories used in each stroke-related RCT and systematic review (SR) were recorded. The internal validity of RCTs using the PEDro scale (partitioned) and the outcome measures used were also recorded.
Results: Of the 4,369 articles indexed on OTseeker, 452 (10.3%) related to stroke were conducted between …
The Effect Of Medical Students' International Experiences On Attitudes Toward Serving Underserved Multicultural Populations, Michael A. Godkin, Judith A. Savageau
The Effect Of Medical Students' International Experiences On Attitudes Toward Serving Underserved Multicultural Populations, Michael A. Godkin, Judith A. Savageau
Judith A. Savageau
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect of international electives on the attitudes of preclinical and clinical-year medical students with respect to serving underserved multicultural populations. METHODS: A self-assessment instrument was used to measure attitudes of 146 students before and after participating in international electives. The same attitudinal items were also analyzed at two time intervals for 18 students who completed international electives as preclinical students and 76 class cohorts who did not. RESULTS: Analyses show that the effect of international experiences is different for preclinical students and clinical students. For both groups, however, these experiences can develop and support perceptions and …
The Effect Of A Global Multiculturalism Track On Cultural Competence Of Preclinical Medical Students, Michael A. Godkin, Judith A. Savageau
The Effect Of A Global Multiculturalism Track On Cultural Competence Of Preclinical Medical Students, Michael A. Godkin, Judith A. Savageau
Judith A. Savageau
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect of an elective (the Global Multiculturalism Track), including international and domestic immersion experiences, on the cultural competence of preclinical medical students. METHODS: A self-assessment instrument was used to measure cultural competence, and it was administered to Track participants and nonparticipating class cohorts at the beginning and the end of the preclinical years. RESULTS: Track participants (n=26) had a higher level of cultural competence both at the beginning and at the end of the program. At the end of their second year, students participating in the Track had, for the first time, greater knowledge of certain …
Book Review 13 The Art Of Happiness: A Handbook For Living By The Dalai Lama And Howard C. Cutler, M.D., William C. Mcpeck
Book Review 13 The Art Of Happiness: A Handbook For Living By The Dalai Lama And Howard C. Cutler, M.D., William C. Mcpeck
William C. McPeck
This is my personal review of The Art of Happiness: A Handbook for Living by The Dalai Lama and Howard C. Cutler, M.D. and published by Riverhead Hardcover in 1998.
Book Review 15 The Future Of Management By Bill Breen And Gary Hamel, William C. Mcpeck
Book Review 15 The Future Of Management By Bill Breen And Gary Hamel, William C. Mcpeck
William C. McPeck
This is my personal review of The Future of Management by Bill Breen and Gary Hamel, published by Harvard Business School Press in 2007.