Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sociocultural And Socioeconomic Determinants Of Organ Donation, Amy Gagliano

Posters@Research Events

Recent research has indicated that community-level characteristics are predictive of donor designation in a given region. This current study extends the body of this work to consider the potential impact of regional level sociocultural and socioeconomic determinants of health on measures of Organ Procurement Organizations’ (OPOs) success at facilitating organ transplants. Using select indicators from The National County Health Rankings dataset, county-level indicators were aggregated to provide estimates of health within each of the 57 national OPOs donation areas. Significant associations were documented.

Level Of Satisfaction Among Food Pantry Clients, Staff/Volunteers, And Directors And Its Association With Client Choice In Food Pantry Layouts, Myranda Dunmire

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: Food insecurity is an issue in rural communities, particularly among food pantry clients. Food pantries may not provide clients with the opportunity to choose their own foods (client choice), and instead may just give a set amount and type of foods. Client choice is important in regards to client health status as well as perceptions of autonomy and quality of life. Although client choice can be promoted in food pantries, it may be difficult to grasp the process of food pantry transitioning and how well changes such as these may be perceived by clients or food pantry personnel. We ...

Referral Patterns And Service Provision In Child Protective Services: Child, Caregiver, And Case Predictors, Hannah Mead Holbrook

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Child maltreatment, and recurrent maltreatment in particular, occurs at an alarmingly high rate. Frequency of reports to Child Protective Services (CPS) is associated with negative psychological outcomes, and children whose reports are unsubstantiated experience similar risk of behavioral, emotional, and substance use disorders as those whose reports are substantiated. Prior research has demonstrated that children with no CPS reports and children with one CPS report showed no significant differences in rates of maltreatment perpetration or substance use in adulthood, suggesting that prevention efforts after one report may have strong merit in reducing negative outcomes in adulthood. However, patterns and risk ...

Bhatti Rad Abstract.Pdf, Megan Bhatti

Megan Bhatti

No abstract provided.

Food Access And Dignity Among University Of Wyoming Students, Alanna Elder

Honors Theses AY 17/18

Because Albany County is the home of the state’s only four-year university, there is a question as to how the student population affects the proportion of county residents considered food insecure. Until now, it has been unclear how many students are struggling to access food. In 2017, a group of University of Wyoming faculty and administrators from the Department of Agricultural Economics, Financial Services, and the Office of Academic Affairs signed up for The Ohio State University’s College Study on Financial Wellness, which included a food security module (Alexander). Surveying 722 undergraduates and using USDA metrics, the researchers ...

Finding The Narrative In Incident Reports, La'eeqa Aslam

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Progress Foundation, as licensed by the state of California and the Community Care Licensing, is required to use incident reports for internal audits and remain in compliance as a health facility. Incident reports are used to record events or accidents that have occurred within an organization. Often times, reports are made, handed off, and given from the residence home to the Community Care Licensing with little to no information of how an incident was managed. The Progress Foundation is working towards tracking information from the incident reports to improve internal management and understand the trends in the reports.

In ...

Keep The Beat With Heart Failure Education: A Quality Improvement Project, Brenda L. Peterson

Master's Projects and Capstones

Abstract

Problem: Heart failure (HF), also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is the number one diagnosis-related group (DRG) for people 65 years of age and older in the United States. This disease group is complicated and debilitating, requiring frequent hospitalizations with high mortality rates. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has identified CHF as an area for improvement in hospitals.

Context: This was a quality improvement project for an integrated medical center in the Central Valley, California with over 19,000 HF patients. In 2018, for patients 65 years and older, HF is the third-most admitted ...

Surveillance, Prevention And Surgical Treatments For Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Kerui Xu

Theses & Dissertations

Liver cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death, representing roughly 9.1% of all cancer mortality. Of all primary cancers of the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for roughly 85%. HCC has been increasing in the U.S. and other countries. In particular, HCC places a huge burden on the Chinese population, as China alone consists of approximately 50% of the total HCC cases and deaths. In China, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause for developing HCC. The two challenges in prevention and control of HCC experienced in China are low rates of HCC screening ...

Ultrasound Use In Resource-Limited Settings: A Systematic Review, Ravindra Gopaul, Gonzalo Bearman, Michael P. Stevens

Journal of Global Radiology

Purpose: Over the past decade, ultrasound (US) machines have become smaller, less expensive, more reliable, durable and user-friendly, making ultrasonography an ideal imaging modality in resource-poor settings. We conducted a literature review to examine the use of ultrasound in resource-limited settings, with emphasis on common applications, barriers to implementation, and impact on clinical decision-making and patient disposition.

Methods and Materials: Literature review. We conducted a PubMed and Cochrane Central search on the clinical use of ultrasound in the developing world. Search terms included ultrasonography, developing countries, resource limited, remote setting, poverty, and low income. Articles from 2000 to 2015 that ...

Project Renew Worcester, Danni Yue, Amy Zhang, Jing Han, Omid Ashrafi, Yiming Xu

School of Professional Studies

n The client for this capstone project is RENEW Worcester which is a fledgling solar power project whose main goals are to bring renewable energy in the form of solar power into local, primarily low-income communities and are committed to the mission of making the transition off of fossil fuels to clean, renewable power. Based in Worcester, Massachusetts, they are a local chapter of Co-op Power which is a consumer-owned sustainable energy cooperative (co-op) made up of numerous different local chapters all over the New England area as well as the state of New York. The problem that we will ...

Magnitude And Impact Of Multiple Chronic Conditions With Advancing Age In Older Adults Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Mayra Tisminetzky, Hoa L. Nguyen, Jerry H. Gurwitz, David D. Mcmanus, Joel M. Gore, Sonal Singh, Jorge L. Yarzebski, Robert J. Goldberg

Open Access Articles

BACKGROUND: To examine age-specific differences in the frequency and impact of cardiac and non-cardiac conditions among patients aged 65years and older hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODS: Study population consisted of 3863 adults hospitalized with AMI at 11 medical centers in central Massachusetts on a biennial basis between 2001 and 2011. The presence of 11 chronic conditions (five cardiac and six non-cardiac) was based on the review of hospital medical records.

RESULTS: Participants' median age was 79years, 49% were men, and had an average of three chronic conditions (average of cardiac conditions: 2.6 and average of non-cardiac conditions ...

Factors Associated With Follow-Up Compliance Among Clients Referred By A Local Health Department For Hiv Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Lauren R. Cirrincione

Service Learning/Capstone Experience

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a public health strategy to limit HIV infection among at-risk populations. Local health departments (LHDs) promote PrEP initiation by referring patients to private and academic specialty care centers. However, low follow-up compliance remains a challenge in this setting. Between January 2016 and September 2018, Douglas County Health Department, a LHD in Omaha, Nebraska, externally referred 126 clients for PrEP at an academic specialty care center, and only 20 (15%) clients completed a PrEP initiation follow-up appointment. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of clients referred by ...

Concentrations Of Criteria Pollutants In The Contiguous U.S., 1979 – 2015: Role Of Model Parsimony In Integrated Empirical Geographic Regression, Sun-Young Kim, Matthew Bechle, Steve Hankey, Elizabeth (Lianne) A. Sheppard, Adam A. Szpiro, Julian D. Marshall

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

BACKGROUND: National- or regional-scale prediction models that estimate individual-level air pollution concentrations commonly include hundreds of geographic variables. However, these many variables may not be necessary and parsimonious approach including small numbers of variables may achieve sufficient prediction ability. This parsimonious approach can also be applied to most criteria pollutants. This approach will be powerful when generating publicly available datasets of model predictions that support research in environmental health and other fields. OBJECTIVES: We aim to (1) build annual-average integrated empirical geographic (IEG) regression models for the contiguous U.S. for six criteria pollutants, for all years with regulatory monitoring ...

Nudging With The Health Security Index: Behavioral Economics In Coalition Development, Glen P. Mays

Glen Mays

Facilitators And Barriers: Older Adults' Fitness Engagement At An Independent Living Community, Elisa Moore

PURE Insights

In order for a growing aging population to preserve autonomy, older adults need to maintain mobility levels through participating in physical activity (Costello, Kafchinski, Vrazel, & Sullivan, 2011). The importance of physical activity in older adult life is widely recognized, yet older adults are the least active age group in the United States (Bethancourt, Rosenburg, Beatty, & Arterburn, 2014). This qualitative study focused on physical activity through individual interviews with older men and women (N=10) residing in an independent living community. Understanding more about what contributes to engagement may help to improve wellness programs in independent living communities.

Bacterial Abundance And Resistance In Ground Beef Varieties, Savannah Kumar, Sarah M. Boomer

PURE Insights

Raw ground beef purchased at supermarkets across America have one thing in common: they harbor bacteria, some of which are drug resistant and can be detrimental to public health. To understand the impact of farming and processing practices on the quantity of bacteria and drug resistance, organic and regular beef were assessed using MacConkey media. Bacterial colonies were sorted according to lactose utilization, with positive colonies representing fecal E. coli. Lactose negative colonies were further characterized into one of two groups (fecal Hafnia-like or soil Pseudomonas) using a variety of metabolic tests (oxidase, sulfur, indole). Advanced metabolic testing showed that ...

Update: Rural/Urban Disparities In Pneumococcal Vaccine Service Delivery Among The Fee-For-Service Medicare Population, 2012-2015, Joseph C. Vanghelof, Aric Schadler, Patricia R. Freeman, Jeffery C. Talbert

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Overview of Key Findings

• Between 2014 and 2015, the number of pneumococcal vaccine services delivered to fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare beneficiaries increased by 380% as a result of uptake of PCV13 vaccine.
• Continued disparities in delivery of pneumococcal vaccine services to FFS Medicare beneficiaries in rural and urban communities are noted, with a 63% higher vaccination rate observed in urban areas.
• The majority of pneumococcal vaccine services delivered to FFS Medicare beneficiaries were provided by primary care providers, although pharmacy providers delivered close to one-fourth (24.2%) of these services.
• Pharmacy providers in rural communities play an increasing role in pneumococcal ...

Empowering First Aiders Through Innovative Instructor Resources, J. Victoria Logan, Dominique Macdonald

International Journal of First Aid Education

No abstract provided.

Correctional Nurse Competency And Quality Care Outcomes, Deborah Shelton, Bill Barta, Louise A. Reagan

Journal for Evidence-based Practice in Correctional Health

Purpose: In this paper, we report on the clinical care outcomes resulting from implementing a nurse competency education intervention to a nursing staff in a statewide correctional system. Background: State correctional healthcare systems face ongoing and serious challenges attracting and retaining an adequate number of qualified health professionals owing to the perceived undesirability of working in correctional facilities; high occupational stressors; and the effects of high turnover on the workloads of remaining nursing staff.

Methods: Nursing outcomes were evaluated on four most frequently used nursing protocols. The education intervention consisted of self-directed computer-based modules, hands-on clinical review of skills, and ...

Core Curricular Priorities For Professional Development Of Nurses In Correctional Systems: A Delphi Study, Deborah Shelton, Annette T. Maruca, Louise A. Reagan

Journal for Evidence-based Practice in Correctional Health

Objective: To identify the core curricular elements to assure competency and professional development of registered nurses working with justice-involved populations.

Background: Numerous assessments of education priorities have been articulated for nurses working with patients who interface with justice systems. But no consensus of what comprises the core elements of a curriculum for nurses employed by justice systems has been published. Guidance from correctional nurse education experts is needed.

Design: A web-based Delphi survey methodology was used. Three de-identified surveys were sent to academic and clinical correctional nurse educators two weeks apart by email following an invitation and voluntary agreement to ...

From Prison To The Community: Opportunities For Pharmacists To Support Inmate Medication Adherence, Elliott Bosco, Deborah Shelton

Journal for Evidence-based Practice in Correctional Health

The United States correctional system is a vital treatment source for chronic illnesses. Whether treating a chronic mental or physical illness, correctional healthcare requires effective resource utilization. Limited research exists on pharmacists' ability to directly address inmate medication adherence. Thus, this study explores inmate perception of medication adherence and management as part of their treatment plan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with inmates throughout Connecticut. Diseases of interest were divided into a physical illness group (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, HIV/AIDS) and a mental illness group (depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, substance abuse). A content analysis was conducted on four questions: 1) Do ...

Food Insecurity And Its Effects On Cardiovascular Health, Rachel Vaca

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Over 23 million Americans live in food deserts, furthermore 49 million Americans have experienced food insecurity multiple times throughout the year. In the United States, especially compared to undeveloped countries, food insecurity usually means not having access to healthy, nutritious options. Food choices that are lacking proper nutrients can contribute to obesity, high cholesterol, and diabetes which can then impact the cardiovascular system negatively.

Objectives: This study will examine how having access to adequate nutrition impacts overall cardiovascular health and risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease. The studies selected in this review examine cardiovascular health by studying risk factors ...

My Experience In Swaziland With Give Hope, Fight Poverty, Megan Kaser

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Megan Kaser, a recent 2017 alum in the College of Health and Human Sciences at Purdue University, describes her experience with Give Hope, Fight Poverty (GHFP)—a nonprofit organization in Indianapolis, Indiana. She is currently pursuing a master’s degree in physician assistant studies. GHFP’s mission is “to foster philanthropy domestically by designing service-learning programs that engage U.S. college students with rural communities in Swaziland, Africa, and work together to educate, empower, and lift orphaned and vulnerable children—particularly those living in child-headed households— out of poverty” (Give Hope, Fight Poverty, n.d.). By incorporating college students in ...

Peer Health Educators On Campus: Teaching Safe Medication Practices, Baylee Q. Bryan, Olga O. Vlashyn, Stephanie A. Deremiah, Murphy K. O'Toole, Katherine M. Joseph, Jane E. Krause

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Baylee Q. Bryan, Olga O. Vlashyn, Stephanie A. Deremiah, and Murphy K. O’Toole are advanced professional students in the Doctor of Pharmacy program at Purdue University, graduating in May 2019. Katherine M. Joseph is a senior in the School of Nursing, graduating in December 2018. Jane E. Krause (Clinical Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue College of Pharmacy) served as a faculty mentor for this project. In this article, the authors describe their service-learning project intended to increase awareness on campus regarding prescription drug abuse and misuse.

Smart Disease Prevention App: Informing The Public In Their Own Geographic Location, Apoorva Sulakhe, Shafali Rana, Zoe Disori, William Nogay, Kyle Plummer, Meredith Shannon, Morgan Young, Alyssa Zielinski, Vincent G. Duffy

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Apoorva Sulakhe and Shefali Rana are graduate students in the School of Industrial Engineering at Purdue. They have both been teaching assistants under their coauthor, Dr. Vincent Duffy, while supervising multiple projects. Coauthors Zoe Disori, William Nogay, Kyle Plummer, Meredith Shannon, Morgan Young, and Alyssa Zielinski are listed in alphabetical order. They were all seniors in School of Industrial Engineering at the time of this project in 2017. The purpose of their study, described in this article, was to develop an application to provide users with accurate information about diseases spreading in their geographic locations.

"Wrapping" Up In Kenya: A Student’S Learning Experience In Eldoret, Kenya, Alexander R. Mills, Monica L. Miller, Rakhi Karwa, Sonak D. Pastakia, Aileen Y. Chang, Edith Tonui, Sara Fletcher, Phelix Were, Ellen Schellhase

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Alexander R. Mills received his Doctor of Pharmacy degree in May 2017 and has completed a PGY-1 community-based pharmacy practice resident with Walgreen Company and Purdue University College of Pharmacy. During his time at Purdue, he was heavily involved with Purdue’s chapter of The American Red Cross Club, serving as the president and coordinator of community outreach programs. Upon completing his PGY-1, he will continue to pursue his aspirations to care for the medically underserved while currently completing a PGY-2 residency specializing in ambulatory care and academia at the University of Mississippi in Jackson.

Pressure Methods For Primary Hemorrhage Control: A Randomized Crossover Trial., Nathan Phillip Charlton, Robert Solberg, Justin Rizer, Nici Singletary, William A. Woods

International Journal of First Aid Education

Background: The importance of hemorrhage control in traumatic injury has been highlighted by the 2015 Stop the Bleed federal campaign in the United States and subsequent development of modular bleeding control courses offered by organizations such as the American Red Cross (https://www.dhs.gov/stopthebleed). However, the scientific evidence regarding the best methods and mechanisms of applying direct manual pressure to stop hemorrhage is lacking to inform first aid education skill development.

Hypothesis: The purpose of this tri-phase study is to evaluate the pressure generated when adding increasing layers of gauze dressings and to compare the force generated using ...

Does A Vegan Diet Contribute To Prevention Or Maintenance Of Diseases?, Malia K. Burkholder, Danae A. Fields

Kinesiology and Allied Health Senior Research Projects

This literature review deals with the topic of, does a vegan diet contribute to prevention or maintenance of diseases? Our main focus was to look at what a vegan diet entailed, the history of veganism, and why people decide to adhere to this diet type. Multiple research studies were looked over on the topics of how a vegan diet effects the disease processes of cancer, diabetes, gastral intestinal issues, weight loss, and heart disease. The overall arching theme that was found in the research is that a vegan diet is beneficial in helping to lessen the risk or aid in ...

An Evidenced-Based Protocol For Eliminating Errors Associated With Intravenous Medication Errors, Susie Chaney, Blake Smith, Andrea Howard, Chanel Wilder, Suzi White Msn, Phcns-Bc

Posters-at-the-Capitol

The purpose of our research is to decrease the number of IV medication errors. IV medication errors occur due to the wrong drug, wrong dose, wrong rate, wrong concentration, incorrect aseptic technique, known allergies, omitted medications, wrong time of administration, incorrect labeling, patient identification, and no order for the infusion. Nurses’ perceptions of why medication errors occur included physicians’ medication orders are not clear, the names of many medications are similar, pharmacy did not label the medication correctly, poor communication, lack of staff to patient ratio, fatigue from hard work, nurses' heavy workload, and working night shift. This quality improvement ...

Us Filipino Adults’ Patterns Of Cam Use And Medical Pluralism: Secondary Analysis Of 2012 National Health Interview Survey, Rhea Faye Felicilda-Reynaldo, Soyung Choi

Asian / Pacific Island Nursing Journal

The cultural health beliefs of the Filipino population and colonial history of medicine in the Philippines could mean high use of complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) and increased engagement in medical pluralism (i.e., combined use of conventional medicine and CAM) among the US Filipino population, the 4th largest immigrant group in the United States. However, there is limited research regarding US Filipinos’ health behaviors related to CAM use and medical pluralism engagement. The purpose of this study was to explore patterns of CAM use and medical pluralism practices of Filipino adults living in the US. Data from Filipino adult ...