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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Work Hardening And Mindfulness Training For Individuals Living With Traumatic Limb Loss, Jayda Gibson, Cassandra Nelson
Work Hardening And Mindfulness Training For Individuals Living With Traumatic Limb Loss, Jayda Gibson, Cassandra Nelson
Spring 2024 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium
About 185,000 amputations occur every year, leaving roughly about 2 million individuals currently living with limb loss in the United States. Within this population, about 45% of these injuries occur from traumatic events (Department of Veteran Affairs, 2022). These events include military veterans injured in combat, civilian motor vehicle accidents, gun shot wounds, industrial incidents, and various other traumatic events (Pomares et al., 2020). Due to the the recent loss of a limb, individuals within this population are at high risk of occupational abandonment secondary to many factors that are discussed within the Model of Human Occupation. Following a traumatic …
An Occupational Therapy Assessment Guide For People With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Cynthia Sakian, Steven M. Gerardi
An Occupational Therapy Assessment Guide For People With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Cynthia Sakian, Steven M. Gerardi
Fall 2023 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium
This poster presents development of an occupational therapy assessment guide tailored for individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder. Motivated by the lack of standardized assessment protocols in the field, the initiative seeks to mitigate inconsistencies among occupational therapy practitioners and propel advancements in treatment. Key objectives include a comprehensive review of pertinent literature on occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder, identification of functional impairments associated with the disorder, and the formulation of an assessment framework. Rooted in the Model of Human Occupation, the guide underscores the significance of volition, habituation, performance capacity, and environmental influences, accommodating individual preferences and disruptions while …
The Effect Of Propionic Acid On The Habituation To Social And Non-Social Odour Cues In Adult Male Rats, Cashmeira-Dove P. Tyson
The Effect Of Propionic Acid On The Habituation To Social And Non-Social Odour Cues In Adult Male Rats, Cashmeira-Dove P. Tyson
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The enteric bacterial metabolite, propionic acid (PPA), elicits physiological and behavioural changes in rodents reminiscent of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This includes abnormal sensory processing and social behaviour. ASD may contribute to social deficits through impaired habituation; therefore, the present study examined the effects of intraperitoneal PPA on the habituation to social and non-social odours. Adult male rats were injected daily with PPA or the vehicle control, and for 3 days, habituated to a conspecific odour or vanilla extract for 10 minutes. On day 4, rats were exposed to a novel conspecific odour or almond extract for 10 minutes to …
Dynamic Effects Of Habituation And Novelty Detection On Newborn Event Related Potentials, Cathryn S. Cortesa, Caitlin M Hudac, Dennis Molfese
Dynamic Effects Of Habituation And Novelty Detection On Newborn Event Related Potentials, Cathryn S. Cortesa, Caitlin M Hudac, Dennis Molfese
Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications
Newborns habituate to repeated auditory stimuli, and discriminate syllables, generating opportunities for early language learning. This study investigated trial-by-trial changes in newborn electrophysiological responses to auditory speech syllables as an index of habituation and novelty detection. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 16 term newborn infants, aged 1–3 days, in response to monosyllabic speech syllables presented during habituation and novelty detection tasks. Multilevel models demonstrated that newborns habituated to repeated auditory syllables, as ERP amplitude attenuated for a late-latency component over successive trials. Subsequently, during the novelty detection task, earlyand late-latency component amplitudes decreased over successive trials for novel …
Attentional Bias To Alcohol In An In Vivo Setting, Ramey G. Monem
Attentional Bias To Alcohol In An In Vivo Setting, Ramey G. Monem
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
The phenomenon of attentional bias to alcohol, where drinkers demonstrate a preference in allocating visual attention towards alcohol-related stimuli rather than neutral stimuli, is well-established. Studies detecting this phenomenon typically utilize computer-administered stimulus presentation tasks such as the visual dot probe task. Despite their frequency of use, these tasks do not represent the ways in which individuals typically encounter alcohol outside of the laboratory. Typical environments where alcohol is present allow individuals to move about freely and encounter alcohol while also being exposed to many other stimuli. This dissertation sought to implement a novel approach to assessing attentional bias in …
Neuronal Correlates For Neuroendocrine Habituation To Repeated Stress, Sara Matovic
Neuronal Correlates For Neuroendocrine Habituation To Repeated Stress, Sara Matovic
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
One way that the body actively responds to an impending stressor is by increasing systemic glucocorticoids through the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. While it is essential for short-term adaptation to stress, the sustained activation of the HPA axis during chronic stress can be detrimental and is linked to stress-related psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and depression. Therefore, it is important that the HPA axis adapts, or habituates, during chronic stress to minimize the negative consequences. Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) function to assimilate incoming information from the stress circuitry and …
The Relationship Between Auditory Habituation And Anxiety In Autism Spectrum Disorder, David Nicholas Top
The Relationship Between Auditory Habituation And Anxiety In Autism Spectrum Disorder, David Nicholas Top
Theses and Dissertations
Many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have atypical sensory processing and behaviors including sensory sensitivity and low registration of sensory stimuli as well as sensory seeking and avoiding behaviors. Additionally, many individuals with ASD have clinically distressing levels of anxiety. Previous research suggests that there is a link between abnormal sensory processing, anxiety, and ASD. The purpose of this study was to experimentally observe auditory sensory processing using pupillometry methods, between ASD, control, and high-anxious control groups. While a difference in tonic pupil size was observed, there were no reactivity or habituation differences between the groups. There were no …
Behavioral And Emotional Consequences Of Thought Listing Versus Cognitive Restructuring During Discarding Decisions In Hoarding Disorder, Randy O. Frost, Clarissa Ong, Gail Steketee, David F. Tolin
Behavioral And Emotional Consequences Of Thought Listing Versus Cognitive Restructuring During Discarding Decisions In Hoarding Disorder, Randy O. Frost, Clarissa Ong, Gail Steketee, David F. Tolin
Psychology: Faculty Publications
An essential criterion for hoarding disorder (HD) is difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, yet few studies have examined reactions to actual discarding behaviors. The present study examined whether individuals with HD differed from non-hoarding community controls (CC) in discarding behavior and emotional reactions to discarding. A second purpose was to examine the course of experienced distress following discarding. A third purpose was to determine whether HD participants responded differently to a simple thought listing (TL) instruction or to a cognitive restructuring (CR) protocol. Participants were asked to decide whether to keep or discard (a) a personal possession and (b) …
A Revised Method For Measuring Distraction By Tactile Stimulation [V1; Ref Status: Indexed, Http://F1000r.Es/42o], Jacqueline R. Schechter, Deanna J. Greene, Jonathan M. Koller, Kevin J. Black
A Revised Method For Measuring Distraction By Tactile Stimulation [V1; Ref Status: Indexed, Http://F1000r.Es/42o], Jacqueline R. Schechter, Deanna J. Greene, Jonathan M. Koller, Kevin J. Black
Kevin J. Black, MD
Sensory hypersensitivity (SH) refers to the tendency to attend to subtle stimuli, to persist in attending to them, and to find them noxious. SH is relatively common in several developmental disorders including Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder (TS/CTD). This study was an attempt to quantify the extent to which a mild tactile stimulus distracts one’s attention in TS/CTD. Fourteen adults with TS/CTD and 14 tic-free control subjects completed questionnaires regarding SH and ADHD, and TS/CTD subjects completed self-report measures of current and past tic disorder symptoms and of current obsessions and compulsions. All subjects performed a sustained attention choice …
Rats’ Novel Object Interaction As A Measure Of Environmental Familiarity, Jamie L. Wilkinson, Laura Herrman, Matthew I. Palmatier, Rick A. Bevins
Rats’ Novel Object Interaction As A Measure Of Environmental Familiarity, Jamie L. Wilkinson, Laura Herrman, Matthew I. Palmatier, Rick A. Bevins
Rick A. Bevins
Environmental familiarization is a learning phenomenon embedded within most tasks used to study learning and motivation. Given its prevalence there is surprisingly little systematic behavioral research on factors affecting familiarization. The six experiments reported in the present report used rats’ tendency to interact more with a novel object in a familiar than in a novel environment as a measure of environmental familiarization. We found that 3 min of exposure to the environment was sufficient to increase object interaction above unfamiliar controls even when testing occurred up to 48 h after initial exposure to the environment; 1 or 1.5 min of …
Rats’ Novel Object Interaction As A Measure Of Environmental Familiarity, Jamie L. Wilkinson, Laura Herrman, Matthew I. Palmatier, Rick A. Bevins
Rats’ Novel Object Interaction As A Measure Of Environmental Familiarity, Jamie L. Wilkinson, Laura Herrman, Matthew I. Palmatier, Rick A. Bevins
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Environmental familiarization is a learning phenomenon embedded within most tasks used to study learning and motivation. Given its prevalence there is surprisingly little systematic behavioral research on factors affecting familiarization. The six experiments reported in the present report used rats’ tendency to interact more with a novel object in a familiar than in a novel environment as a measure of environmental familiarization. We found that 3 min of exposure to the environment was sufficient to increase object interaction above unfamiliar controls even when testing occurred up to 48 h after initial exposure to the environment; 1 or 1.5 min of …
Environmental Familiarization In Rats: Differential Effects Of Acute And Chronic Nicotine, Rick A. Bevins, Jana Koznarova, Tracy J. Armiger
Environmental Familiarization In Rats: Differential Effects Of Acute And Chronic Nicotine, Rick A. Bevins, Jana Koznarova, Tracy J. Armiger
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
If an environment is familiar, rats will interact more with a novel object than if the environment is unfamiliar. In two experiments we used this behavioral tendency to assess the effects of nicotine on environmental familiarization (i.e., an elevated platform). As expected, rats given 2 min of exposure to the platform on 2 consecutive days (familiarization phase) interacted more with a novel object in a subsequent test than rats that had not experienced the platform until the test day. During the familiarization phase acute pretreatment with nicotine (0.6 and 1.8 mg/kg, subcutaneous) 10 min before platform exposure interfered with familiarization …