Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Src Stimulates Abl-Dependent Phosphorylation Of The Guanine Exchange Factor Net1a To Promote Its Cytosolic Localization And Cell Motility, Ashabari Sprenger, Heather S Carr, Arzu Ulu, Jeffrey A Frost

Journal Articles

The neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoA that promotes cancer cell motility and metastasis. Two isoforms of Net1 exist, Net1 and Net1A, both of which are sequestered in the nucleus in quiescent cells to prevent aberrant RhoA activation. Many cell motility stimuli drive cytosolic relocalization of Net1A, but mechanisms controlling this event are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that epithelial growth factor stimulates protein kinase Src- and Abl1-dependent phosphorylation of Net1A to promote its cytosolic localization. We show that Abl1 efficiently phosphorylates Net1A on Y373, and that phenylalanine …

Immunometabolism At The Heart Of Cardiovascular Disease, Matthew Deberge, Rajesh Chaudhary, Samantha Schroth, Edward B Thorp

Journal Articles

Immune cell function among the myocardium, now more than ever, is appreciated to regulate cardiac function and pathophysiology. This is the case for both innate immunity, which includes neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages, as well as adaptive immunity, which includes T cells and B cells. This function is fueled by cell-intrinsic shifts in metabolism, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as metabolite availability, which originates from the surrounding extracellular milieu and varies during ischemia and metabolic syndrome. Immune cell crosstalk with cardiac parenchymal cells, such as cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, is also regulated by complex cellular metabolic circuits. …

Thiazolidinedione Use And Retinal Fluid In The Comparison Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials, Jason Q Core, Peiying Hua, Ebenezer Daniel, Juan E Grunwald, Glenn Jaffe, Maureen G Maguire, Gui-Shuang Ying, Comparison Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (Catt) Research Group

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Thiazolidinediones, commonly used antidiabetic medications, have been associated with an increased risk of development of diabetic macular oedema and increased vascular endothelial cell permeability. Macular neovascularisation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and associated fluid leakage may be influenced by thiazolidinediones. This study aims to determine the association between thiazolidinedione usage and retinal morphological outcomes or visual acuity (VA) in patients treated with bevacizumab or ranibizumab for neovascular AMD (nAMD).

METHODS: Secondary analysis of data from the Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials. Participant self-reported diabetes status and thiazolidinedione usage at baseline. VA, intraretinal, subretinal and subretinal pigment epithelium …

Oxygen Therapy Education To Improve Oxygen Safety In The Emergency Department: A Quality Improvement Project, Latania Wolfe

DNP Projects

Background and Significance: Oxygen is often administered in emergency departments (ED) in US without the nurses and other healthcare staff inputting orders for this medication. This gap in placing orders poses a risk to patient safety and poses a regulation issue.

Purpose: The goal of this quality improvement project is to increase the rate of orders placed for patients using oxygen in ED staff by 12% from March 1, 2023 to May 31, 2023.

Methods: The Model for Improvement guided this quality improvement project. Two PDSA cycles were completed.

Results: PDSA #1 Completed SWOT analysis and used information to …

Pain, Hope And Caring, Michelle C. Dziurgot Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

MDA Editor Michelle C. Dziurgot shares her breast cancer journey as a solo practitioner during the COVID-19 closure. Support from family, friends, and the dental community was crucial. The experience emphasizes the importance of offering a safety net and emotional support to colleagues facing personal challenges.

The Genetic Landscape And Clinical Implication Of Pediatric Moyamoya Angiopathy In An International Cohort, Paolo Zanoni, Katharina Steindl, Heinrich Sticht, Beatrice Oneda, Pascal Joset, Ivan Ivanovski, Anselm H C Horn, Elena M Cabello, Julia Laube, Markus Zweier, Alessandra Baumer, Anita Rauch, Nadia Khan

Journal Articles

Pediatric Moyamoya Angiopathy (MMA) is a progressive intracranial occlusive arteriopathy that represents a leading cause of transient ischemic attacks and strokes in childhood. Despite this, up to now no large, exclusively pediatric MMA cohort has been subjected to systematic genetic investigation. In this study, we performed molecular karyotyping, exome sequencing and automated structural assessment of missense variants on a series of 88 pediatric MMA patients and correlated genetic, angiographic and clinical (stroke burden) findings. The two largest subgroups in our cohort consisted of RNF213 and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. While deleterious RNF213 variants were associated with a severe MMA …

Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies Ancestry-Specific Genetic Variation Associated With Acute Response To Metformin And Glipizide In Sugar-Mgh, Josephine H Li, Laura N Brenner, Varinderpal Kaur, Katherine Figueroa, Philip Schroeder, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Miriam S Udler, Aaron Leong, Josep M Mercader, Jose C Florez

Journal Articles

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Characterisation of genetic variation that influences the response to glucose-lowering medications is instrumental to precision medicine for treatment of type 2 diabetes. The Study to Understand the Genetics of the Acute Response to Metformin and Glipizide in Humans (SUGAR-MGH) examined the acute response to metformin and glipizide in order to identify new pharmacogenetic associations for the response to common glucose-lowering medications in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

METHODS: One thousand participants at risk for type 2 diabetes from diverse ancestries underwent sequential glipizide and metformin challenges. A genome-wide association study was performed using the Illumina Multi-Ethnic Genotyping …

Stellate Ganglion Block For Refractory Raynaud’S Phenomenon- A Case Report, William J. Naber Ii, Derik J. Scribner, Gabriel Howard

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction: Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is predominately a sympathetically mediated ischemic vasospastic disease involving the distal limbs and is associated with sharp pains, numbness, and dermatological color changes. The symptoms are commonly induced by cold weather, stress, and trauma and it is known to affect 4.85% of the population. There are few well-defined treatments for patients with RP that are refractory to 1st-line therapies. We present a case of intractable RP with corresponding response to stellate ganglion block (SGB) which demonstrates the efficacy profile and safety of SNS blocks in treatment of resistant RP.

Methods: Per Bon Secours Mercy Health …

Successful Latissimus Dorsi Free Flap Salvage Using Intraoperative Vasopressors: A Case Report, Aubree Ford, Hugo Palacios Vazquez, Sean Figy

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Arterial thrombosis is a rare, but dreadful complication in microvascular surgery. Here we report on a case of recurrent arterial thrombosis in a latissimus dorsi (LD) free flap used for scalp reconstruction in an 18-year-old woman who sustained a gunshot wound (GSW) to the head. In the immediate postoperative period, internal and external doppler signals to the flap were lost. Emergent surgical exploration revealed arterial thrombosis, which was emergently explored and successfully repaired. Doppler signals were again lost and the flap was emergently explored for a second time. Following revision of the arterial anastomosis, flap perfusion decreased and appeared to …

Pelvic Actinomycosis: A Case Report, Jacklyn Locklear, Rachel Gilbert, Neelima Sukhavasi, Elizabeth Sutton

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction: Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection caused by the gram positive anaerobic bacteria that most commonly infects the cervicofacial region of the body. Rarely, it can infect the pelvis and typically presents in a nonspecific manner.

Case Report: We present a case of a 43 year old female G6P6006 with Paragard® intrauterine device (IUD) who presented with purulent umbilical discharge and pelvic pain. Initial imaging was concerned for gastrointestinal or ovarian malignancy. Patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with pelvic washings and hysteroscopy D&C. Operative pathology returned with results for actinomyces (IUD likely source).

Conclusion: While it is established IUDs can be …

Expedited Recovery Pain Management Pathway For Minimally Invasive Repair Of Pectus Excavatum (Mirpe), Maria E. Tecos, Jessica Goeller, Robert Cusick, Stephen Raynor

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction: Pectus Excavatum (PEX) is the most common anterior chest wall deformity. While minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) has improved perioperative outcomes, there continue to be opportunities to optimize postoperative pain management and reduce length of stay (LOS). We compared the impact of a multimodal expedited protocol utilizing a combination of systemic and regional analgesia (with single shot paravertebral truncal blocks), along with coping techniques (such as meditation), and physical therapy, with systemic analgesia on LOS and opioid requirements.

Methods: 51 patients underwent MIRPE with an expedited recovery protocol in comparison with 112 historical control patients at a …

Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Disease Extent And Survival In Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Brendan Coutu, Dallin N. Christensen, Evan Ryan, Elizabeth Bradford Bell, Weining Zhen, Zafar Sayed

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Background: Although systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) correlates with patient survival in various solid malignancies limited information is available in the setting of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 222 patients who underwent a resection of curative intent for patients with OCSCC. SII was determined prior to surgical resection as platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count.

Results: At a median follow-up of 30.6 months, 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 63.9% and 76.4%, respectively. A high SII (>1047) was associated with poor performance status and disease extent. A low SII was independently …

Adenocarcinoma Of The Transverse Colon Presenting As Anterior Abdominal Wall Abscess, Jenn Klein, Nima Avin, Sunil Gandhi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Locally invasive colon carcinoma comprises a small fraction of the incidence of colon carcinoma. Complications, such as perforation and obstruction, can occur in less than 0.5% of cases and often present differently based on location.

Case Presentation

We present a case of an 85-year-old woman who presented with an acute abdominal wall abscess which was caused by perforation of transverse colon carcinoma.

Conclusion

En-bloc resection increases 5-year survival, and adjuvant chemotherapy reduces the risk of recurrence in patients with stage II resectable colon carcinoma.

Resolved Peristomal Erosive Papulonodular Dermatitis Mimicking Nevoid Hyperkeratosis Of The Nipple And Areola, Christa M. Tomc, Daniel A. Nguyen, Joseph S. Susa, Stephen E. Weis

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola (NHKNA) is a rare cutaneous entity with a distinct clinical and histological presentation. The type II form of this condition can result from various dermatoses, such as irritant contact dermatitis. Erosive papulonodular dermatitis is a chronic irritant dermatitis that often occurs in areas of occlusion and maceration, such as peristomal skin. Pseudoverrucous papules and nodules are a variant of erosive papulonodular dermatitis and have a non-specific histologic pattern of reactive hyperplasia.

Case Presentation

We present a case of a patient with resolved peristomal erosive papulonodular dermatitis who presented status-post ileostomy reversal with …

Transpyloric Feed In Reflux-Associated Apnea In Preterm Newborns: A Prospective Study, Tamoghna Biswas, Tapas K. Sabui, Somosri Roy, Rakesh Mondal, Shubhabrata Majumdar, Sudipta Misra

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

The etiological correlation between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and apnea is controversial. We conducted a prospective interventional study designed to address the controversy.

Methods

Preterm neonates with apnea at a tertiary care center, who had clinical features of GER without any other comorbidities likely to cause apnea, were included in the study. The enrolled neonates underwent continuous transpyloric tube feeding for 72 hours. The primary outcome measure was the difference in the number of apneic episodes pre- and post-initiation of nasoduodenal (ND) feeding. Secondary outcome measures included the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, other gastrointestinal disturbances, and mortality.

Results

Sixteen preterm …

On The Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Pica Sebagai Manifestasi Anemia Defisiensi Besi: Suatu Laporan Kasus, Artati Murwaningrum, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Inna Intani Mustopa

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Prevalence of anemia in Indonesia based on Basic Health Research (2018) was 23.7%. Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia were pallor, malaise, palpitation, shortness of breath, headache, sore tongue. But sometimes can be found abnormal behavior in the form of PICA. This article reports on a-52-year-old man who sought medical treatment and was diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia with pica manifestation. The pica manifestation was characterized by a repeated desire to consume raw rice due to bleeding from hemorrhoids. Patient was given oral iron replacement therapy contain 100 mg of Fe (III) hydroxide polymaltose complex and folic acid 0.35 mg alternating …

Pengaruh Durasi Penggunaan Smartphone Di Kalangan Pelajar Terhadap Frekuensi Nyeri Leher, Irawan Wibisono, Didik Purnomo, Suci Amanati

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia or Indonesian Journal of Applied Physiotherapy

Neck pain is a musculoskeletal problem that is often encountered in productive age, one of the triggers for neck pain is an unergonomic position for a long time. For example when using a smartphone, the position of the neck will tend towards the front. The use of smartphones in this technological era takes a long time. This is because smartphones have become part of student life. This study aims to determine the effect of the duration of smartphone use on the frequency of neck pain. This research method uses descriptive cross sectional with a total sample of 68 people, while …

Aerobic Exercise Terhadap Peningkatan Endurance Pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner Dengan Pemeriksaan 6mwt : Studi Kasus, Dela Fariha Fuadi, Andrew Wijaya Saputra, Nabilla Nur Awaliah Dzatikhulwani

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia or Indonesian Journal of Applied Physiotherapy

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition in which the heart's blood vessels (coronary arteries) are blocked by fat deposits. Based on data from Riskesdas (2018) it is revealed that cases of heart and blood vessel disease in Indonesia are increasing every year, increasing the mortality rate. This is due to the presence of risk factors that support the emergence of coronary heart disease. Objective: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evaluation of aerobic exercise to increase endurance in patients with coronary heart disease by examining 6MWT. Method: This research is in the form of a …

Efektivitas Manual Therapy Dan Ultrasound Terhadap Peningkatan Fungsi Gerak Bahu Pada Kasus Nyeri Bahu Et Causa Bursitis Subacromialis Dengan Parameter Spadi Di Rsud Muhammad Natsir, Fadhilah Az-Zahra, Ronal Lufitos, Faizah Abdullah Djawas

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia or Indonesian Journal of Applied Physiotherapy

ABSTRACT: Adhesive Capsulitis is a disorder that occurs in the shoulder area in the form of inflammation of the joint capsule which causes a feeling of stiffness and pain. Glenohumeral joint mobilization with the Maitland mobilization technique is using passive mobilization with physiological oscillatory movements which can produce a stretching effect and release of adhesive on the ligament capsule in the shoulder so that the range of motion of the shoulder joint can be increased. Hold relax is an exercise therapy with the principle of reciprocal inhibition which aims to improve antagonistic pattern relaxation, and mobilization, and to reduce pain. …

Single Leg Depth Jump Kombinasi Core Plank Knee To Elbow Terhadap Power Otot Tungkai Atlet, Maya Triyanita, Siti Sardianti Dwi Tirta

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia or Indonesian Journal of Applied Physiotherapy

Power limit training is defined as the movement to get a jump on athletes in doing the maximum jump smash. Badminton requires leg muscle explosive power because it is the muscle's ability to overcome loads and with a high speed of contraction. This study aims to determine the effect of the single leg depth jump exercise, the combination of the knee to elbow core plank, on increasing leg power in badminton athletes.

This study uses an experimental design method. This research was conducted on badminton athletes using a total sampling technique of 13 people, namely the Pliometric Simgle Leg Dept …

Early Experience With Uniplanar Versus Biplanar Expandable Interbody Fusion Devices In Single-Level Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion, Jonathan A. Ledesma, Jesse C. Ottaway, Mark J. Lambrechts, Azra Dees, Terence L. Thomas, Mark F. Kurd, Kris E. Radcliff, David G. Anderson

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

Objective
To compare the early radiographic and clinical outcomes of expandable uniplanar versus biplanar interbody cages used for single-level minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).

Method
A retrospective review of 1-level MIS-TLIFs performed with uniplanar and biplanar polyetheretherketone cages was performed. Radiographic measurements were performed on radiographs taken preoperatively, at 6-week follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and leg at 3-month and 1-year follow-up.

Results
A total of 93 patients (41 uniplanar, 52 biplanar) were included. Both cage types provided significant postoperative improvements in anterior disc height, posterior disc height, …

Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality Interventions To Reduce Pre-Operative Anxiety In Adult Surgical Patients In The Pre-Operative Period: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Agnes Mulundu Mbewe, Zaneta Smith

Journal of Perioperative Nursing

Aims: To synthesise and evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) interventions compared to standard care to reduce pre-operative anxiety in adult surgical patients during the pre-operative period.

Design: Systematic review of effectiveness and meta-analysis.

Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, JBI EBP, PUBMED, CINAHL, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, EMCARE, World Health Organisation, WEB OF SCIENCE, Grey Literature, National Institute of Health & Care Excellence were searched with limits between 2010 to 2022.

Review methods: The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. …

An Overview Of Risk Factors For Androgenetic Alopecia Among Women At Pasar Ambacang, Kuranji, Padang, Lidya Aprilia Sugma, Satya Wydya Yenny, Roslaili Rasyid

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a patterned hair loss due to chronic and progressive miniaturization of hair follicles. Hair represents femininity and self-confidence in women. Therefore, AGA may affect the quality of life and psychology in women. This study aims to describe the risk factors for AGA in women living in Pasar Ambacang Sub-district, Kuranji District, Padang City.

Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study that included 40 women with AGA. Interviews with subjects were conducted. This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee at Universitas Andalas (252/UN.16.2/KEPK-FK/2021)

Results: AGA was mostly found on patients …

Scientometric Evaluation Of The Global Research In Acne Disease, Aida Khakimova, Oleg Zolotarev, Engin Senel

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia

Background: Although acne is one of the most common diseases, medical literature lacks a scientometric analysis relevant to this disorder. In the present study we aimed to perform a scientometric evaluation of literature related to acne.

Methods: Publications were identified by searching for the term «acne» in PubMed. Papers from different countries were then identified by using the Advanced Search Builder. The indicators for evaluating of the absolute and relative increase in number of articles were proposed.

Results: Dynamic publication of activity is compared according to our proposed indicator - The Average Relative Growth Rate. After 1945 …

Challenges In Diagnosing Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome In Children With Kwashiorkor: A Case Report, Christie Hamdali, Sondang Sirait, Adria Rusvita, Bawono Bhakti

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a type of exfoliating skin disease with high incidence in children. This condition can cause serious morbidity and even mortality with certain comorbid diseases such as malnutrition. Malnutrition could mask the diagnosis of SSSS because of its similarity to numerous differential diagnoses. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis is then essential to determine the proper initial management. This case report presents a 6-month-old male baby with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and kwashiorkor. The patient presented with complaints of multiple erythematous plaques and widespread vesicular lesions that subsequently ruptured, resulting in erosions. Physical examination revealed edema, coarse …

The Effect Of Topical Oatmeal (Avena Sativa) On Hydration-Related Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review, Karenina Novani Sugondo, Melyawati Hermawan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia

Background: In recent years, interest in developing cosmetics and beauty products based on natural ingredients has increased. The addition of herbal extracts to products could improve the effectiveness of therapy. One of the natural ingredients that can be found is oatmeal. Oatmeal has been used for a long time and has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a skin protective agent since 2003. This study aims to systematically review the literature to determine the effect of topical oatmeal (Avena sativa) on hydration-related skin disorders.

Methods: A total of 9,538 studies were found in the database sources …

Zosteriform Cutaneous Metastases From A Carcinoma Mammae, Kharisma Yuliasis Widiasri, Ayu Wikan Sayekti, Novian Febiyanto, Elliana Wahyuanggradewi, Jeffrey Giantoro, Satiti Retno Pudjiati, Hanggoro Tri Rinonce, Agnes Sri Siswati

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia

Background: Cutaneous metastases were reported in 18.6-26.5% of breast cancer patients. Zosteriform cutaneous metastasis is an unusual and rare morphological variant. Clinicians, especially dermatovenereologists, should consider dermatomal cutaneous metastases in oncology patients aside from herpes zoster, which is common in this population.

Case Illustration: A 62-year-old woman presented with clustered papules and vesicles with an erythematous base, sometimes painful, on the right side of the chest in T5-T7 dermatomal distribution of 1-month duration. She had undergone a radical mastectomy for breast carcinoma and had been receiving chemoradiotherapy, which was completed in March 2018. A diagnosis of zosteriform cutaneous …

Neurodynamic Technique Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri, Peningkatan Grip Strength, Dan Peningkatan Kemampuan Fungsional Pada Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Safrin Arifin, Fathia Dheanisa

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia or Indonesian Journal of Applied Physiotherapy

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a syndrome that occurs in 1-4% of the total population worldwide. This condition causes disruption of function and motion in the wrist that spreads to the fingers. Physiotherapy intervention is necessary to reduce the severity of symptoms in patients with CTS. Neurodynamic Techniques are nerve mobilization techniques that aim to restore homeostasis in the nerves so as to reduce pain and improve functional ability. Materials and methods. This research was conducted through searching several databases, found 31 articles which were then filtered and selected as many as 10 articles. However, of the 11 articles, further screening …

Profil Klinis Dan Kesintasan Pasien Karsinoma Sel Hati Di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Tersier Indonesia Tahun 2015-2021, Irsan Hasan, Rino Alvani Gani, Andri Sanityoso Sulaiman, Juferdy Kurniawan, Cosmas Rinaldi A. Lesmana, Chyntia Olivia M Jasirwan, Saut Horas H. Nababan, Kemal Fariz Kalista, Gita Aprilicia, Maria Teressa

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer in the world and Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the clinical presentation and survival rate of HCC patients in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) as the Indonesian tertiary referral hospital in year 2015-2021

Methods. Cohort study was performed in year 2015-2021. Clinical presentations at the time of diagnosis were recorded from electronical health record. All HCC patients were followed up until death. One-year survival based on staging was assessed using log rank test and presented with Kaplan Meier curve.

Results. A total of 799 HCC patients were included. …