Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Single Dominant Locus Restricts Retrovirus Replication In Ybr/Ei Mice, Helen A Beilinson, Amanda Sevilleja, Jessica Spring, Fernando Benavides, Vera Beilinson, Nickolas Neokosmidis, Tatyana Golovkina

Student and Faculty Publications

Differential responses to viral infections are influenced by the genetic makeup of the host. Studies of resistance to retroviruses in human populations are complicated due to the inability to conduct proof-of-principle studies. Inbred mouse lines, which have a range of susceptible phenotypes to retroviruses, are an ideal tool to identify and characterize mechanisms of resistance and define their genetic underpinnings. YBR/Ei mice become infected with Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus, a mucosally transmitted murine retrovirus, but eliminate the virus from their pedigrees. Virus elimination correlates with a lack of virus-specific neonatal oral tolerance, which is a major mechanism for blocking the …

Molecular Epidemiology Of Hiv-Associated Tuberculosis In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: Strain Predominance, Clustering, And Polyclonal Disease, Lisa V. Adams, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Robert D. Arbeit, Hanna Soini, Lillian Mtei, Mecky Matee, Muhammad Bakari, Timothy Lahey, Wendy Wieland-Alter

Dartmouth Scholarship

Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be used to elucidate the epidemiology of tuberculosis, including the rates of clustering, the frequency of polyclonal disease, and the distribution of genotypic families. We performed IS6110 typing and spoligotyping on M. tuberculosis strains isolated from HIV-infected subjects at baseline or during follow-up in the DarDar Trial in Tanzania and on selected community isolates. Clustering occurred in 203 (74%) of 275 subjects: 124 (80%) of 155 HIV-infected subjects with baseline isolates, 56 (69%) of 81 HIV-infected subjects with endpoint isolates, and 23 (59%) of 39 community controls. Overall, 113 (41%) subjects had an …

Primary Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Endocytose Hiv-1 And Facilitate Viral Infection Of Cd4+ T Lymphocytes, Stephanie M. Dorosko, Ruth I. Connor

Dartmouth Scholarship

The contribution of mammary epithelial cells (MEC) to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in breast milk remains largely unknown. While breast milk contains CD4(+) cells throughout the breast-feeding period, it is not known whether MEC directly support HIV-1 infection or facilitate infection of CD4(+) cells in the breast compartment. This study evaluated primary human MEC for direct infection with HIV-1 and for indirect transfer of infection to CD4(+) target cells. Primary human MEC were isolated and assessed for expression of HIV-1 receptors. MEC were exposed to CCR5-, CXCR4- and dual-tropic strains of HIV-1 and evaluated for viral reverse transcription …

Human Uterine Natural Killer Cells But Not Blood Natural Killer Cells Inhibit Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection By Secretion Of Cxcl12, Teddy F. Mselle, Aexandra L. Howell, Mimi Ghosh, Charles R. Wira, Charles L. Sentman

Dartmouth Scholarship

Natural killer (NK) cells derived from the human female reproductive tract (FRT) are phenotypically and functionally distinct from those obtained from peripheral blood. Because the FRT is a primary site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in women, we determined whether soluble factors secreted by uterine-derived NK (uNK) cells inhibit HIV-1 infection. Clonal populations of uNK cells were activated with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-15, and conditioned media (CM) from these cultures evaluated for their ability to inhibit infection of cells by HIV-1_IIIB, HIV-1_NL4.3, and HIV-1_HC4 (X4-tropic) or HIV-1_BaL (R5-tropic) viruses. We found …

Clinical And Epidemiological Correlates Of Genotypes Within The Mycobacterium Avium Complex Defined By Restriction And Sequence Analysis Of Hsp65, Sandra C. Smole, Fionnuala Mcaleese, Jutamas Ngampasutadol, C. Fordham Von Reyn, Robert D. Arbeit

Dartmouth Scholarship

Species identification of isolates of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) remains a difficult task. Although M. avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare can be identified with expensive, commercially available probes, many MAC isolates remain unresolved, including those representing Mycobacterium lentiflavum as well as other potentially undefined species. PCR restriction analysis (PRA) of the hsp65 gene has been proposed as a rapid and inexpensive approach. We applied PRA to 278 MAC isolates, including 126 from blood of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, 59 from sputum of HIV-negative patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 88 from environmental sources, and 5 pulmonary isolates from …

Oncolog, Volume 45, Number 06, June 2000, Kerry L. Wright, Margaret E. Goode, Jack Roth Md, Gary S. Clayman Md, Dds

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Newly Organized Ophthalmology Section Expands Treatment of Ocular Malignancies
• Turning Knowledge Into Effective Gene Therapies, by Jack A. Roth, MD, Professor, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, and Gary S. Clayman, MD, DDS, Associate Professor, Head and Neck Surgery
• Microarrays Reduce Time, Labor, and Cost of DNA Analysis
• New DNA Microarray Technology Could Speed Up Discovery of the Genetic Causes of Lung Cancer
• House Call: Virtual Health: Finding Reliable Medical Resources on the Internet
• Clinical Practice Guidelines: Case Report: Ovarian Cancer
• Protocols: Studies Aim to Detect and Treat Ocular Malignancies

Oncolog, Volume 41, Number 01, January-March 1996, Stephanie P. Deming, Kathryn L. Hale, Vickie J. Williams

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Malignant brain tumors a new target for gene therapy
• Benign pituitary tumors threaten endocrine and nervous systems
• New guidebook helps patients and caregivers cope with advanced cancer

Oncolog, Volume 39, Number 01 January-March 1994, Sunita Patterson, Maureen E. Goode, Kathryn L. Hale

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Liposomal muramyl tripeptide kills bone cancer cells by stimulating the immune system Gene therapy at M. D. Anderson
• Researcher studies the hemopreventive power of garlic

Oncolog, Volume 30, Number 01, January-March 1985, Jordan U. Gutterman Md, Edwin C. Murphy, Jr. Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Investigators Explore Role of Oncogenes in Normal Growth and Carcinogenesis
• Lung Cancer Surpasses Breast Cancer as Mortality Risk to Texas Women
• New NCI Data Base Offers Physicians Up-to-Date Cancer Treatment Information