Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Bioactive Food Components And Their Inhibitory Actions In Multiple Platelet Pathways, Diptimayee Das, Shubhamay Adhikary, Ranjit Kumar Das, Antara Banerjee, Arun Kumar Radhakrishnan, Sujay Paul, Surajit Pathak, Asim K. Duttaroy

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

In addition to hemostasis and thrombosis, blood platelets are involved in various processes such as inflammation, infection, immunobiology, cancer metastasis, wound repair and angiogenesis. Platelets' hemostatic and non-hemostatic functions are mediated by the expression of various membrane receptors and the release of proteins, ions and other mediators. Therefore, specific activities of platelets responsible for the non-hemostatic disease are to be inhibited while leaving the platelet's hemostatic function unaffected. Platelets' anti-aggregatory property has been used as a primary criterion for antiplatelet drugs/bioactives; however, their non-hemostatic activities are not well known. This review describes the hemostatic and non-hemostatic function of human blood …

Nuclear And Chloroplast Dnas Reveal Diverse Origins And Mis-Identifications Of Juniperus Cultivars From Windsor Gardens, Uk, Part 3 Of 3, Robert P. Adams, Sam T. Johnson, John Anderson, Keith Rushforth, Nicolas Valentin, Andrea E. Schwarzbach, Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ploidy was determined for 15 plants labeled as Juniperus squamata at the Windsor Gardens, UK and revealed 12 were tetraploids (2n=4x=44) and 3 were diploids (2n=2x=22). nrDNA (ITS) and cp DNA sequencing the tetraploids found: 4 J. squamata (4x); 4 J. tibetica (4x) x J. squamata (4x); 2 J. sabina var. balkanensis (4x) x J. squamata (4x); and one J. chinensis var. sargentii (4x) x J. squamata (4x). Sequencing the 3 diploids revealed: 2 J. pingii (2x) x J. pingii (2x); and 1 J. pingii (2x)? x J. komarovii(2x)? Ploidy analyses of 18 additional cultivars, putatively from Juniperus davurica, J. …

Long Distance Gene Flow Facilitated By Bird-Dispersed Seeds In Wind-Pollinated Species: A Story Of Hybridization And Introgression Between Juniperus Ashei And J. Ovata Told By Nrdna And Cpdna, Robert P. Adams, Sam T. Johnson, Andrea E. Schwarzbach

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

nrDNA and cpDNA were sequenced of J. ashei and J. ovata from populations throughout their ranges. No J. ashei populations were found to be pure in their nrDNA for every tree, however all J. ashei trees in every population contained only the pure J. ashei chloroplast type. Populations of J. ovata in trans-Pecos Texas were almost pure in both nrDNA and cp DNA. Several plants in the J. ashei range contained J. ovata-type nrDNA (White Cliffs, AR, 3/10); Ranger, TX (1/5); Waco, TX (1/12). Every J ashei population contained at least 1 plant with hybrid (heterozygous) nrDNA and 3 J. …

The Increase Of Hiv-1 Infection, Neurocognitive Impairment, And Type 2 Diabetes In The Rio Grande Valley, Roberto De La Garza, Hansapani Rodrigo, Francisco Fernandez, Upal Roy

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) infection remains a persistent predicament for the State of Texas, ranking seventh among the most documented HIV cases in the United States. In this regard, the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) in South Texas is considered as one of the least investigated areas of the state with respect to HIV infection and HIV associated comorbidities. Considering the 115% increase in average HIV incidence rates per 100,000 within the RGV from 2007-2015, it is worth characterizing this population with respect to their HIV-1 infection, HIV-1 Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND), and the association of treatment with combined antiretroviral …

Principal Component Regression Analysis Of Nutrition Factors And Physical Activities With Diabetes, Ke-Sheng Wang, Ying Lu, Xin Xie, Shaoqing Gong, Chun Xu, Zhanxin Sha

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The associations of nutrition factors and physical activities with adult diabetes are inconsistent; while most of these factors are inter correlated. The aims of this study are to overcome the disturbance of the multicollinearity of the risk factors and examine the associations of these factors with diabetes using the principal component analysis (PCA) and regression analysis with principal component scores (PCS). Totally, 659 adults with diabetes and 2827 non-diabetic were selected from the 2012 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 4, Cycle 2). PCA was utilized to deal with multicollinearity of the risk factors. Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression …

Associations Between Pqct-Based Fat And Muscle Area And Density And Dxa-Based Total And Leg Soft Tissue Mass In Healthy Women And Men, V. D. Sherk, R. S. Thiebaud, Z. Chen, Murat Karabulut, S. J. Kim, D. A. Bemben

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) can be used for muscle and fat area and density assessments. These may independently influence muscle and fat mass measurements from Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA).

Objective

To determine associations between pQCT-derived soft tissue density and area measures and DXA-derived soft tissue mass.

Methods

Linear regression models were developed based on BMI and calf fat and muscle cross-sectional area (FCSA and MCSA) and density measured by pQCT in healthy women (n=76) and men (n=82) aged 20–59 years. Independent variables for these models were leg and total bone-free lean mass (BFLM) and fat mass (FM) measured …

Tuning Of Alternative Splicing - Switch From Proto-Oncogene To Tumor Suppressor, Aleksandra Shchelkunova, Boris Ermolinsky, Meghan Boyle, Ivan Mendez, Michael Lehker, Karen S. Martirosyan, Alexander V. Kazanksy

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

STAT5B, a specific member of the STAT family, is intimately associated with prostate tumor progression. While the full form of STAT5B is thought to promote tumor progression, a naturally occurring truncated isoform acts as a tumor suppressor. We previously demonstrated that truncated STAT5 is generated by insertion of an alternatively spliced exon and results in the introduction of an early termination codon. Present approaches targeting STAT proteins based on inhibition of functional domains of STAT's, such as DNA-binding, cooperative binding (protein-protein interaction), dimerization and phosphorylation will halt the action of the entire gene, both the proto-oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions …