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Articles 1 - 30 of 89
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Consent To The Use Of Stored Dna For Genetics Research: A Survey Of Attitudes In The Jewish Population, Marc D. Schwartz, Karen H. Rothenberg, Linda Joseph, Judith Benkendorf, Caryn Lerman
Consent To The Use Of Stored Dna For Genetics Research: A Survey Of Attitudes In The Jewish Population, Marc D. Schwartz, Karen H. Rothenberg, Linda Joseph, Judith Benkendorf, Caryn Lerman
Karen H. Rothenberg
No abstract provided.
Feminism, Law, And Bioethics, Karen H. Rothenberg
Feminism, Law, And Bioethics, Karen H. Rothenberg
Karen H. Rothenberg
Feminist legal theory provides a healthy skepticism toward legal doctrine and insists that we reexamine even formally gender-neutral rules to uncover problematic assumptions behind them. The article first outlines feminist legal theory from the perspectives of liberal, cultural, and radical feminism. Examples of how each theory influences legal practice, case law, and legislation are highlighted. Each perspective is then applied to a contemporary bioethical issue, egg donation. Following a brief discussion of the common themes shared by feminist jurisprudence, the article incorporates a narrative reflecting on the integration of the common feminist themes in the context of the passage of …
Bringing Toxicology Into The 21st Century: A Global Call To Action, Troy Seidle, Martin Stephens
Bringing Toxicology Into The 21st Century: A Global Call To Action, Troy Seidle, Martin Stephens
Experimentation Collection
Conventional toxicological testing methods are often decades old, costly and low-throughput, with questionable relevance to the human condition. Several of these factors have contributed to a backlog of chemicals that have been inadequately assessed for toxicity. Some authorities have responded to this challenge by implementing large-scale testing programmes. Others have concluded that a paradigm shift in toxicology is warranted. One such call came in 2007 from the United States National Research Council (NRC), which articulated a vision of ‘‘21st century toxicology” based predominantly on non-animal techniques. Potential advantages of such an approach include the capacity to examine a far greater …
Scientific Autonomy And The 3rs, Bernard E. Rollin
Scientific Autonomy And The 3rs, Bernard E. Rollin
Experimentation Collection
No abstract provided.
Ethical Considerations In The Conduct Of Vaccine Trials In Developing Countries, Charles Weijer, C. Lanata, C. Plowe
Ethical Considerations In The Conduct Of Vaccine Trials In Developing Countries, Charles Weijer, C. Lanata, C. Plowe
Charles Weijer
No abstract provided.
A Free And Undemocratic Press?, Stephen J. A. Ward
A Free And Undemocratic Press?, Stephen J. A. Ward
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
Papers presented for the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Western Michigan University.
Circulatory Arrest In A Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Is The Use Of Cardiac Compression Permissible?, Michael Moreland
Circulatory Arrest In A Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Is The Use Of Cardiac Compression Permissible?, Michael Moreland
Michael P. Moreland
No abstract provided.
Ethical Challenges In Icu Research, Charles Weijer
Ethical Challenges In Icu Research, Charles Weijer
Philosophy Presentations
No abstract provided.
When Can Physicians Say “No” To Families And Patients?, Charles Weijer
When Can Physicians Say “No” To Families And Patients?, Charles Weijer
Philosophy Presentations
No abstract provided.
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2009
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2009
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Marx V. Flanigan: A Discussion On Abortion, James Fallin
Marx V. Flanigan: A Discussion On Abortion, James Fallin
CedarEthics Online
No abstract provided.
Defending Unborn Orphans: Embryo Adoption, Kristin Colman
Defending Unborn Orphans: Embryo Adoption, Kristin Colman
CedarEthics Online
No abstract provided.
Deep Ecology And End-Of-Life Care, Paul Carrick
Deep Ecology And End-Of-Life Care, Paul Carrick
Philosophy Faculty Publications
Physicians and nurses caring for terminally ill patients are expected to center their moral concerns almost exclusively on the needs and welfare of the dying patient and the patients family. But what about the relationship of traditional medical ethics to the emerging new theories of environmental ethics, like deep ecology? As we glide into the twenty-first century, can anyone seriously doubt that the mounting global concerns of environmental ethics will eventually influence the ethics of medicine too?
For example, suppose physicians were to integrate the core values of an ecocentric environmental ethic like deep ecology into contemporary North American norms …
Realizing Potential: A Pragmatic Look At Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Mark L. Bentley
Realizing Potential: A Pragmatic Look At Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Mark L. Bentley
CedarEthics Online
No abstract provided.
Ethical Challenges In Icu Research, Charles Weijer
Ethical Challenges In Icu Research, Charles Weijer
Charles Weijer
No abstract provided.
When Can Physicians Say “No” To Families And Patients?, Charles Weijer
When Can Physicians Say “No” To Families And Patients?, Charles Weijer
Charles Weijer
No abstract provided.
Prosecuting Doctors For Trusting Patients, Deborah Hellman
Prosecuting Doctors For Trusting Patients, Deborah Hellman
Deborah Hellman
In an escalating phase of our country’s war on drugs, doctors treating patients in pain are being prosecuted for drug trafficking under the Controlled Substances Act. While doctors surely can be guilty of drug trafficking when they sell drugs for money, lately some doctors have been prosecuted for violations of a statute that requires knowingly distributing or dispensing controlled substances in an unauthorized manner for simply being willfully blind to the fact that their patients were reselling the drugs. While willful blindness may be an apt substitute for knowledge in the traditional drug courier scenario, doctors in these cases are …
Unilateral Refusal Of Treatment And Patient Abandonment: Betancourt V. Trinitas Hospital, Brief Of Amicus Curiae, Law Professor Thaddeus Mason Pope, Thaddeus M. Pope
Unilateral Refusal Of Treatment And Patient Abandonment: Betancourt V. Trinitas Hospital, Brief Of Amicus Curiae, Law Professor Thaddeus Mason Pope, Thaddeus M. Pope
Thaddeus Mason Pope
Betancourt v. Tinitas Hospital is now pending before the Appellate Division of the New Jersey Superior Court. Trinitas Hospital is appealing a March 2009 trial court injunction, ordering its physicians to continue providing life-sustaining medical treatment (particularly dialysis) that these providers judged to be medically inappropriate and outside the standard of care.
In early 2009, patient Ruben Betancourt was in a permanent vegetative state with multi-organ failure and slim prospects for recovery. Still, the patient’s daughter, Jacqueline, would not accede to recommendations to stop dialysis and switch to palliative care. When it became apparent that providers might unilaterally withdraw Mr. …
Decision-Making By Adolescents And Parents Of Children With Cancer Regarding Health Research Participation, Kate Read, Conrad Fernandez, Jun Gao, Caron Strahlendorf, Albert Moghrabi, Rebecca Pentz, Raymond Barfield, Justin Baker, Darcy Santor, Charles Weijer, Eric Kodish
Decision-Making By Adolescents And Parents Of Children With Cancer Regarding Health Research Participation, Kate Read, Conrad Fernandez, Jun Gao, Caron Strahlendorf, Albert Moghrabi, Rebecca Pentz, Raymond Barfield, Justin Baker, Darcy Santor, Charles Weijer, Eric Kodish
Charles Weijer
Background: Low rates of participation of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in clinical oncology trials may contribute to poorer outcomes. Factors that influence the decision of AYAs to participate in health research and whether these factors are different from those that affect the participation of parents of children with cancer.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from validated questionnaires provided to adolescents (>12 years old) diagnosed with cancer and parents of children with cancer at 3 sites in Canada (Halifax, Vancouver, and Montreal) and 2 in the United States (Atlanta, GA, and Memphis, TN). Respondents reported their …
Moral Distress In Caring For The Jehovah's Witness Patient, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Moral Distress In Caring For The Jehovah's Witness Patient, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Dr. Peter A. DePergola II
No abstract provided.
Evidence, Belief, And Action: The Failure Of Equipoise To Resolve The Ethical Tension In The Randomized Clinical Trial, Deborah Hellman
Evidence, Belief, And Action: The Failure Of Equipoise To Resolve The Ethical Tension In The Randomized Clinical Trial, Deborah Hellman
Deborah Hellman
No abstract provided.
A Proposed Ethical Framework For Vaccine Mandates: Competing Values And The Case Of Hpv, Robert Field, Arthur Caplan
A Proposed Ethical Framework For Vaccine Mandates: Competing Values And The Case Of Hpv, Robert Field, Arthur Caplan
Robert I. Field
Debates over vaccine mandates raise intense emotions, as reflected in the current controversy over whether to mandate the vaccine against human papilloma virus (HPV), the virus that can cause cervical cancer. Public health ethics so far has failed to facilitate meaningful dialogue between the opposing sides. When stripped of its emotional charge, the debate can be framed as a contest between competing ethical values. This framework can be conceptualized graphically as a conflict between autonomy on the one hand, which militates against government intrusion, and beneficence, utilitarianism, justice, and nonmaleficence on the other, which may lend support to intervention. When …
Veterinary Ethics And Production Diseases, Bernard E. Rollin
Veterinary Ethics And Production Diseases, Bernard E. Rollin
Professional Veterinary Ethics Collection
An animal's welfare should be governed by five freedoms, namely, freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury or disease, freedom to express normal behavior and freedom from fear and distress. If the essence of veterinary medicine is to act like a physician for animals then the profession must be vocal in opposition to production diseases, which can be prevented by changing the system of production.
Public Health And The Rights Of States, András Miklós
Public Health And The Rights Of States, András Miklós
Andras Miklos
When exercising their public health powers, states claim various rights against their subjects and aliens. The paper considers whether public health considerations can help justify some of these rights, and explores some constraints on the justificatory force of public health considerations. I outline two arguments about the moral grounds for states’ rights with regard to public health. The principle of fairness emphasizes that those who benefit from public health measures ought to contribute their fair share in upholding them. Alternatively, states’ rights might be justified by a natural duty of justice to uphold and not to obstruct institutions implementing public …
Genetic Enhancements And Expectations, Kelly Sorensen
Genetic Enhancements And Expectations, Kelly Sorensen
Philosophy and Religious Studies Faculty Publications
Some argue that genetic enhancements and environmental enhancements are not importantly different: environmental enhancements such as private schools and chess lessons are simply the old-school way to have a designer baby. I argue that there is an important distinction between the two practices—a distinction that makes state restrictions on genetic enhancements more justifiable than state restrictions on environmental enhancements. The difference is that parents have no settled expectations about genetic enhancements.
Exploring Transplant Opportunities In Hmong Culture: A Case Report, Alon Neidich, Harish Maranty, Katrina Bramstedt
Exploring Transplant Opportunities In Hmong Culture: A Case Report, Alon Neidich, Harish Maranty, Katrina Bramstedt
Katrina A. Bramstedt
A clinical case is used to explore the ethical complexities of solid organ donation and transplantation within the Hmong community in the United States. Although many cultures can present various ethical issues, the challenges of the Hmong belief system are unique and distinctly complex. Ways for the medical team to integrate with the Hmong value system to attempt to create an environment of transcultural respect and appreciation are described.
Interests And Harms In Primate Research, Nathan Nobis
Interests And Harms In Primate Research, Nathan Nobis
Experimentation Collection
The article discusses the moral issues on primate research in reference to the moral defenses by Sughrue and colleagues. It states that Sughrue and colleagues have claimed to provide equal examination of the primate stroke research's ethics. It mentions that the promise to straighten out a number of ethical arguments in favor and against primate research was not fulfilled. Several moral arguments are presented in response to Sughrue and colleagues' moral defense for animal experimentation.
State Infant Mortality: An Ecologic Study To Determine Modifiable Risks And Adjusted Infant Mortality Rates., David A. Paul. Md, Amy Mackley, Rnc, Robert G. Locke, Do, John L. Stefano, Md, Charlan Kroelinger, Phd
State Infant Mortality: An Ecologic Study To Determine Modifiable Risks And Adjusted Infant Mortality Rates., David A. Paul. Md, Amy Mackley, Rnc, Robert G. Locke, Do, John L. Stefano, Md, Charlan Kroelinger, Phd
Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors contributing to state infant mortality rates (IMR) and develop an adjusted IMR in the United States for 2001 and 2002. DESIGN/METHODS: Ecologic study of factors contributing to state IMR. State IMR for 2001 and 2002 were obtained from the United States linked death and birth certificate data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Factors investigated using multivariable linear regression included state racial demographics, ethnicity, state population, median income, education, teen birth rate, proportion of obesity, smoking during pregnancy, diabetes, hypertension, cesarean delivery, prenatal care, health insurance, self-report of mental illness, and number of in-vitro fertilization …
How Experience Confronts Ethics, Barry Hoffmaster, Cliff Hooker
How Experience Confronts Ethics, Barry Hoffmaster, Cliff Hooker
C. Barry Hoffmaster
Analytic moral philosophy's strong divide between empirical and normative restricts facts to providing information for the application of norms and does not allow them to confront or challenge norms. So any genuine attempt to incorporate experience and empirical research into bioethics--to give the empirical more than the status of mere 'descriptive ethics'--must make a sharp break with the kind of analytic moral philosophy that has dominated contemporary bioethics. Examples from bioethics and science are used to illustrate the problems with the method of application that philosophically prevails in both domains and with the conception of rationality that underlies this method. …
Human Personhood From A Kantian Perspective, Jennifer Nelson
Human Personhood From A Kantian Perspective, Jennifer Nelson
CedarEthics Online
No abstract provided.