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Articles 31 - 60 of 70
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Older Rehabilitation Patients Are At High Risk Of Malnutrition: Evidence From A Large Australian Database, Karen Charlton, Clare Nichols, Steven Bowden, Kelly Lambert, Lilliana Barone, Michelle Mason, Marianna Milosavljevic
Older Rehabilitation Patients Are At High Risk Of Malnutrition: Evidence From A Large Australian Database, Karen Charlton, Clare Nichols, Steven Bowden, Kelly Lambert, Lilliana Barone, Michelle Mason, Marianna Milosavljevic
Karen E. Charlton
No abstract provided.
Poor Knowledge And Dietary Practices Related To Iodine In Breastfeeding Mothers A Year After Introduction Of Mandatory Fortification, Samantha Axford, Karen Charlton, Heather Yeatman, G Ma
Poor Knowledge And Dietary Practices Related To Iodine In Breastfeeding Mothers A Year After Introduction Of Mandatory Fortification, Samantha Axford, Karen Charlton, Heather Yeatman, G Ma
Karen E. Charlton
No abstract provided.
The Rhesus Monkey Brain : In Stereotaxic Coordinates, George Paxinos, Xu-Feng Huang, Michael Petrides, Arthur Toga
The Rhesus Monkey Brain : In Stereotaxic Coordinates, George Paxinos, Xu-Feng Huang, Michael Petrides, Arthur Toga
Xu-Feng Huang
Description The Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates is the most comprehensive and accurate atlas of the monkey brain currently available. The second edition of this classic book is a complete revision, featuring many improvements and upgrades. Constructed by the established leaders in neuroanatomical atlas development, the new edition will again be the indispensable resource for all scientists working on the primate nervous system. Key Features * 151 coronal diagrams and 151 accompanying photographic plates spaced at 120 um intervals; diagrams completely revised * 60 photographic coronal plates of SMI immunoreactivity; delineations completely revised. New in this edition * DVD …
The Dopamine B-Hydroxylase 19 Bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Was Associated With First-Episode But Not Medicated Chronic Schizophrenia, Li Hui, Xuan Zhang, Xu-Feng Huang, Mei Han, Francesca Fernandez, Yaqin Yu, Shilong Sun, Wenjun Li, Da Chen, Mei Xiu, Thomas Kosten, Xiang Zhang
The Dopamine B-Hydroxylase 19 Bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Was Associated With First-Episode But Not Medicated Chronic Schizophrenia, Li Hui, Xuan Zhang, Xu-Feng Huang, Mei Han, Francesca Fernandez, Yaqin Yu, Shilong Sun, Wenjun Li, Da Chen, Mei Xiu, Thomas Kosten, Xiang Zhang
Xu-Feng Huang
Background: Numerous studies report dysfunctional dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) is an intracellular enzyme catalyzing the conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline. Functional polymorphisms have been reported in the promoter region of DBH gene, including a 19 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was an association between the functional polymorphism (DBH50-Ins/Del) and schizophrenia in a Han Chinese population. Methods: This polymorphism was genotyped in 221 first-episode schizophrenics, 360 chronic schizophrenics and 318 healthy controls using a case-control design. We assessed their psychopathology using the Positive and Negative …
Olanzapine Treatment And Time-Dependent Changes Of Hypothalamic Ampk-Acc-Cpt1 Signalling, Food Intake And Body Weight In Rats, Meng He, Q Zhang, H Wang, Jiamei Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Olanzapine Treatment And Time-Dependent Changes Of Hypothalamic Ampk-Acc-Cpt1 Signalling, Food Intake And Body Weight In Rats, Meng He, Q Zhang, H Wang, Jiamei Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
The Rhesus Monkey Brain In Stereotaxic Coordinates, George Paxinos, Xu-Feng Huang, Arthur Toga
The Rhesus Monkey Brain In Stereotaxic Coordinates, George Paxinos, Xu-Feng Huang, Arthur Toga
Xu-Feng Huang
From the Back Cover The Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates is the most comprehensive, detailed atlas of the monkey brain ever constructed. The first chapter, "Photographic and Diagrammatic Atlas of the Rhesus Monkey Brain," presents 151 plates illustrating the subcortex and parts of the cortex in high magnification, and 151 corresponding diagrams complementing each image. The second chapter, "Delineation of the Rhesus Monkey Cortex on the Basis of the Distribution of a Neurofilament Protein," consists of 64 fully labeled plates depicting an entire hemisphere. Jointly, the two chapters constitute the most serious morphological work ever undertaken on the monkey. …
Influence Of Dietary Fats On C-Fos-Like Immunoreactivity In Mouse Hypothalamus, Hong-Qin Wang, Leonard Storlien, Xu-Feng Huang
Influence Of Dietary Fats On C-Fos-Like Immunoreactivity In Mouse Hypothalamus, Hong-Qin Wang, Leonard Storlien, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
Alterations In 5-Ht2a Receptor Binding In Various Brain Regions Among 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinsonian Rats, Yun Li, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng, Barbara Meyer, Aimin Wu, Yinghua Yu, Weihai Ying, Guo-Yuan Yang, Midori Yenari, Qing Wang
Alterations In 5-Ht2a Receptor Binding In Various Brain Regions Among 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinsonian Rats, Yun Li, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng, Barbara Meyer, Aimin Wu, Yinghua Yu, Weihai Ying, Guo-Yuan Yang, Midori Yenari, Qing Wang
Xu-Feng Huang
The serotonergic system has close interactions with the dopaminergic system and is strongly implicated in the pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic paradigms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study aims to investigate regional changes in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 2A receptors in the rat brain 3 weeks after unilateral medial forebrain bundle lesion by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). 5-HT 2A receptor distributions and alterations in the postmortem rat brain were detected by [3H]ketanserin-binding autoradiography. In the 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s rat model, nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron loss significantly mediated the decreased [3H]ketanserin binding, predominantly in the agranular insular cortex (17.3%, P 5 0.03), cingulate cortex (18.2%, P < 0.001), prefrontal …
Structural Contributions Of Antipsychotic Drugs To Their Therapeutic Profiles And Metabolic Side Effects, Somayeh Jafari, Francesca Fernandez-Enright, Xu-Feng Huang
Structural Contributions Of Antipsychotic Drugs To Their Therapeutic Profiles And Metabolic Side Effects, Somayeh Jafari, Francesca Fernandez-Enright, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Antipsychotic drugs have various neuropharmacological properties as a result of their structural diversity. Despite their therapeutic benefits, most of the prescribed atypical antipsychotics can induce severe side effects, including weight gain, type II diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. Among the developed atypical antipsychotic agents, tetracyclic dibenzodiazepine and thienobenzodiazepine compounds, particularly clozapine and olanzapine, are associated with the greatest weight gain and metabolic disturbances. However, the unique chemical structure of these compounds causes the low risk of side effects reported for typical antipsychotics (e.g. extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia). This report reviews the recent discovery of the potential role of the …
Neurodevelopment, Neurotransmitter Imbalance And Cognitive Dysfunction In Schizophrenia, Teresa Du Bois, Xu-Feng Huang
Neurodevelopment, Neurotransmitter Imbalance And Cognitive Dysfunction In Schizophrenia, Teresa Du Bois, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
Developmental Vitamin D Deficiency Alters Mk-801-Induced Behaviours In Adult Offspring, James Kesby, Jonathan O'Loan, Suzanne Alexander, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang, John Mcgrath, Darryl Eyles, Thomas Burne
Developmental Vitamin D Deficiency Alters Mk-801-Induced Behaviours In Adult Offspring, James Kesby, Jonathan O'Loan, Suzanne Alexander, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang, John Mcgrath, Darryl Eyles, Thomas Burne
Xu-Feng Huang
Rationale Developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency is a candidate risk factor for developing schizophrenia in humans. In rodents DVD deficiency induces subtle changes in the way the brain develops. This early developmental insult leads to select behavioural changes in the adult, such as an enhanced response to amphetamine-induced locomotion in female DVD-deficient rats but not in male DVDdeficient rats and an enhanced locomotor response to the Nmethyl- D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801, in male DVD-deficient rats. However, the response to MK- 801-induced locomotion in female DVD-deficient rats is unknown. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to further examine …
The Effects Of Antipsychotic Drugs Administration On 5-Ht1a Receptor Expression In The Limbic System Of The Rat Brain, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Teresa Du Bois, Chao Deng
The Effects Of Antipsychotic Drugs Administration On 5-Ht1a Receptor Expression In The Limbic System Of The Rat Brain, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Teresa Du Bois, Chao Deng
Xu-Feng Huang
Increasing evidence suggests that 5-HT1A receptors are involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia. This paper investigated 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression and binding density in female rats treated with aripiprazole (2.25 mg/kg/day), olanzapine (1.5 mg/kg/day), haloperidol (0.3 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (control) orally three times/day for 1 or 12 weeks. Animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last administration. Aripiprazole significantly increased 5-HT1A receptor binding density by 33% in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and by 21% in the medial posterodorsal nuclei of posterior amygdala (MeP) compared to the control group after 1 week of treatment. Olanzapine significantly decreased …
Insulin Decreases Therapeutic Efficacy In Colon Cancer Cell Line Ht29 Via The Activation Of The Pi3k/Akt Pathway, J-Z Chen, Andrew Katsifis, Changhua Hu, Xu-Feng Huang
Insulin Decreases Therapeutic Efficacy In Colon Cancer Cell Line Ht29 Via The Activation Of The Pi3k/Akt Pathway, J-Z Chen, Andrew Katsifis, Changhua Hu, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
Acute Sleep Restriction Alters Neuroendocrine Hormones And Appetite In Healthy Male Adults, Christopher Magee, Xu-Feng Huang, Don Iverson, Peter Caputi
Acute Sleep Restriction Alters Neuroendocrine Hormones And Appetite In Healthy Male Adults, Christopher Magee, Xu-Feng Huang, Don Iverson, Peter Caputi
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
Density Of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors 2 And 3 (Mglur2/3) In The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Does Not Differ With Schizophrenia Diagnosis But Decreases With Age, Elisabeth Frank, Kelly Newell, Xu-Feng Huang
Density Of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors 2 And 3 (Mglur2/3) In The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Does Not Differ With Schizophrenia Diagnosis But Decreases With Age, Elisabeth Frank, Kelly Newell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Metabotropic glutamate receptors 2 and 3 (mGluR2/3) have been shown as efficient targets for antipsychotic intervention. We therefore investigated the receptor density of mGluR2/3 in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC; Brodman area 46) of schizophrenia/schizoaffective patients (n=37) and matched controls (n=37) using receptor autoradiography. No difference in mGluR2/3 density was identified in relation to schizophrenia diagnosis. Overall and in individual groups, a negative correlation of mGluR2/3 density and age at death has been found. These and previous results suggest that density of mGluR2/3 in the dlPFC is less likely to impact on the efficiency of the mGluR2/3 agonist in treating …
Antipsychotic Treatment And Neuregulin 1 -Erbb4 Signalling In Schizophrenia, Bo Pan, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng
Antipsychotic Treatment And Neuregulin 1 -Erbb4 Signalling In Schizophrenia, Bo Pan, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng
Xu-Feng Huang
Evidence from genetic, transgenic and post-mortem studies has strongly supported the critical role that neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and its ErbB4 receptor plays in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This article aims to review current evidence regarding the effects of antipsychotic treatment on NRG1–ErbB4 signalling. NRG1 and ErbB4 knockout mice display abnormal behaviours relevant to certain features of schizophrenia, which could be improved by antipsychotic (clozapine/haloperidol) treatment. In contrast to most NRG1/ErbB4 knockout mice with a decreased NRG1–ErbB4 signalling, the majority post-mortem studies showed an increased NRG1–ErbB4 signalling in schizophrenic patients. These differences could be due to degrees of alteration in risk …
Obesity, The P13k/Akt Signal Pathway And Colon Cancer, Xu-Feng Huang, J-Z Chen
Obesity, The P13k/Akt Signal Pathway And Colon Cancer, Xu-Feng Huang, J-Z Chen
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
Assessing The Impact Of Motivational Interviewing Via Co-Active Life Coaching On Selected Smoking Cessation Outcomes Among Young Adults. Poster Presentation, Don Morrow, Craig Hall, Jennifer Irwin, Angela Mandich
Assessing The Impact Of Motivational Interviewing Via Co-Active Life Coaching On Selected Smoking Cessation Outcomes Among Young Adults. Poster Presentation, Don Morrow, Craig Hall, Jennifer Irwin, Angela Mandich
Donald Morrow
No abstract provided.
Assessing The Perceived Impact Of Offering Motivational Interviewing Via Co-Active Life Coaching Training To Participants Of A National Smokers’ Telephone Hotline. Poster Presentation., Don Morrow, Tara Mantler, Jennifer Irwin
Assessing The Perceived Impact Of Offering Motivational Interviewing Via Co-Active Life Coaching Training To Participants Of A National Smokers’ Telephone Hotline. Poster Presentation., Don Morrow, Tara Mantler, Jennifer Irwin
Donald Morrow
No abstract provided.
The Pontomedullary Reticular Formation Contributes To The Compensatory Postural Responses Observed Following Removal Of The Support Surface In The Standing Cat, Paul Stapley, Trevor Drew
The Pontomedullary Reticular Formation Contributes To The Compensatory Postural Responses Observed Following Removal Of The Support Surface In The Standing Cat, Paul Stapley, Trevor Drew
Dr Paul J Stapley
This study was designed to determine the contribution of reticular neurons in the pontomedullary reticular formation (PMRF) to the postural responses produced to compensate for an unexpected perturbation. We recorded the activity of 48 neurons in the PMRF, including 41 reticulospinal neurons, to removal of the support surface under each of the four limbs in four cats. The perturbations produced robust postural responses that were divided into three periods: an initial postural response (P1) that displaced the center of vertical pressure over the two diagonal supporting limbs; a secondary response (P2) during which the cat restored a tripedal support pattern; …
Feedback Regulation Of Temporal Muscle Activation Patterns For Postural Control Before And After Peripheral Neuropathy, L Ting, D Lockhart, P Stapley, J Macpherson
Feedback Regulation Of Temporal Muscle Activation Patterns For Postural Control Before And After Peripheral Neuropathy, L Ting, D Lockhart, P Stapley, J Macpherson
Dr Paul J Stapley
Introduction: Neural mechanislllS determining temporal pattcl1ls of muscle activity during poshlral responses are not understood. Fulluwing pyridoxine inuuced somatosensory loss in cats, unset latencies of automatic poshu-al responses are delayed, and balance is impaired. We introduce a new method for correlating temporal patterns of muscle activation with task-level variahles in the context of postural responses to perturbation. Methods: We measured postmal responses to support smface tronslations before and after loss of group I afferents indnced by pyridoxine intoxication. We reconstructed temporal EMG patterns llsing a feedback loop with delays, on CoM acceleration. velocity, and displacement. Resnlts: Prior to lesion, temporal …
Muscle Synergies Of Feed-Forward Postural Adjustments During Reaching To Multi-Directional Targets In Standing, J Leonard, S Chvatal, L Ting, P Stapley
Muscle Synergies Of Feed-Forward Postural Adjustments During Reaching To Multi-Directional Targets In Standing, J Leonard, S Chvatal, L Ting, P Stapley
Dr Paul J Stapley
Standing balance can be controlled using feedback (FB) or feedforward (FF) mechanisms, depending on the nature of a postural disturbance. Unexpected disturbances of balance elicit automatic postural responses (APR) to restore body position (Horak and Macpherson 1996). Studies of APR have shown that the CNS recruits a small number of muscle synergies to simplify complex task-level goals (e.g. CoM stabilization) to produce the appropriate muscle activation patterns (Ting & McKay, 2007). Successful execution of goal-directed voluntary movements while standing requires FF programming of postural adjustments that serve to initiate movement of the body towards the target (preparatory postural adjustment, pPA) …
Independent Activation In Adjacent Lumbar Extensor Muscle Compartments, Marilee Nugent, Paul Stapley, Theodore Milner
Independent Activation In Adjacent Lumbar Extensor Muscle Compartments, Marilee Nugent, Paul Stapley, Theodore Milner
Dr Paul J Stapley
The purpose of this study was to examine compartmentalization in human lumbar spine extensors. Structure and innervation of these muscles would suggest the possibility of more segmentally specific biomechanical functions than have been found in previous studies examining muscle activation patterns during simple spine bending and twisting tasks. We selected specialized tasks to more effectively investigate the degree of independent control possible within lumbar spine extensors. We recorded surface electromyograms (SEMG) from the right posterior lumbar region during performance of two segmentally specific bellydance skills by seven novice and five trained subjects. These movements were performed at two frequencies (0.5 …
Decoupling Of Stretch Reflex And Background Muscle Activity During Anticipatory Postural Adjustments In Humans, Siddharth Vedula, Robert Kearney, Ross Wagner, Paul Stapley
Decoupling Of Stretch Reflex And Background Muscle Activity During Anticipatory Postural Adjustments In Humans, Siddharth Vedula, Robert Kearney, Ross Wagner, Paul Stapley
Dr Paul J Stapley
We studied the evolution of stretch reXexes in relation to background electromyographic (EMG) activity in the soleus muscle preceding the onset of voluntary arm raise movements. Our objective was to investigate if changes in reXex EMG and muscle activity occur simultaneously and are similarly scaled in amplitude. Ten human subjects stood with each foot on pedals able to exert short dorsiXexor pulses during stance. Subjects were asked to product consistent voluntary arm raise movements to a target upon a visual cue. In ¼ of trials, no pulse perturbations were given, but in the remaining ¾’s of all trials pulses were …
Postural Responses To Unexpected Perturbations Of Balance During Reaching, Hari Trivedi, Julia Leonard, Lena Ting, Paul Stapley
Postural Responses To Unexpected Perturbations Of Balance During Reaching, Hari Trivedi, Julia Leonard, Lena Ting, Paul Stapley
Dr Paul J Stapley
To study the interaction between feedforward and feedback modes of postural control, we investigated postural responses during unexpected perturbations of the support surface that occurred during forward reaching in a standing position. We examined postural responses in lower limb muscles of nine human subjects. Baseline measures were obtained when subjects executed reaching movements to a target placed in front of them (R condition) and during postural responses to forward and backward support-surface perturbations (no reaching, P condition) during quiet stance. Perturbations were also given at different delays after the onset of reaching movements (RP conditions) as well as with the …
Age-Related Changes In Conventional Road Versus Off-Road Triathlon Performance, Romuald Lepers, Paul Stapley
Age-Related Changes In Conventional Road Versus Off-Road Triathlon Performance, Romuald Lepers, Paul Stapley
Dr Paul J Stapley
The aims of this study were: (i) to analyze agerelated declines in swimming, cycling, and running performances for road-based and off-road triathlons, and (ii) to compare age-related changes in these three disciplines between road-based and off-road triathlons. Swimming, cycling, running and total time performances of the top five males between 20 and 70 years of age (in 5-year intervals) were analyzed for short distance road-based (1.5 km swim, 40 km cycle, and 10 km run) and off-road (1.5 km swim, 30 km mountain bike, and 11 km trail run) triathlons at the 2009 World Championships. Independently of age, there was …
Bilateral Vestibular Loss In Cats Leads To Active Destabilization Of Balance During Pitch And Roll Rotations Of The Support Surface, Jane Macpherson, Dirk Everaert, Paul Stapley, Lena Ting
Bilateral Vestibular Loss In Cats Leads To Active Destabilization Of Balance During Pitch And Roll Rotations Of The Support Surface, Jane Macpherson, Dirk Everaert, Paul Stapley, Lena Ting
Dr Paul J Stapley
Although the balance difficulties accompanying vestibular loss are well known, the underlying cause remains unclear. We examined the role of vestibular inputs in the automatic postural response (APR) to pitch and roll rotations of the support surface in freely standing cats before and in the first week after bilateral labyrinthectomy. Support surface rotations accelerate the body center of mass toward the downhill side. The normal APR consists of inhibition in the extensors of the uphill limbs and excitation in the downhill limbs to decelerate the body and maintain the alignment of the limbs with respect to earth-vertical. After vestibular lesion, …
Bilateral Vestibular Loss Leads To Active Destabilization Of Balance During Voluntary Head Turns In The Standing Cat, Paul Stapley, Lena Ting, Chen Kuifu, Dirk Everaert, Jane Macpherson
Bilateral Vestibular Loss Leads To Active Destabilization Of Balance During Voluntary Head Turns In The Standing Cat, Paul Stapley, Lena Ting, Chen Kuifu, Dirk Everaert, Jane Macpherson
Dr Paul J Stapley
The purpose of this study was to determine the source of postural instability in labyrinthectomized cats during lateral head turns. Cats were trained to maintain the head in a forward orientation and then perform a rapid, large-amplitude head turn to left or right in yaw, while standing freely on a force platform. Head turns were biomechanically complex with the primary movement in the yaw plane accompanied by an ipsilateral ear-down roll and nose-down pitch. Cats used a strategy of pushing off by activating extensors of the contralateral forelimb while using all four limbs to produce a rotational moment of force …
A Common Neural Substrate For The Control Of Anticipatory And Compensatory Postural Responses, Paul Stapley, Benedicte Schepens, Trevor Drew
A Common Neural Substrate For The Control Of Anticipatory And Compensatory Postural Responses, Paul Stapley, Benedicte Schepens, Trevor Drew
Dr Paul J Stapley
We have shown previously that reticulospinal neurones (RSNs) in the brainstem pontomedullary reticular formation (PMRF) contribute to the production of the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) that precede reaching movements executed in a standing pOSition (Schepens and Drew, 2004, 2006; Schepens, Stapley and Drew, 2008). More recently (Stapley and Drew, 2009), we have also shown that cells in the PMRF contribute to the production of the compensatory responses that are produced by unexpected perturbations (drops) of the support surface from under one paw during quiet stance. In this poster we address the question of whether the same cells in the PMRF …
Reaching To Multiple Targets When Standing: The Spatial Organization Of Feedforward Postural Adjustments, Julia Leonard, Ryan Brown, Paul Stapley
Reaching To Multiple Targets When Standing: The Spatial Organization Of Feedforward Postural Adjustments, Julia Leonard, Ryan Brown, Paul Stapley
Dr Paul J Stapley
We examined the spatial organization of feedforward postural adjustments produced prior to and during voluntary arm reaching movements executed while standing. We sought to investigate whether the activity of postural muscles before and during reaching was directionally tuned and whether a strategy of horizontal force constraint could be observed. To this end, eight human subjects executed self-paced reach-to-point movements on the random illumination of one of 13 light targets placed within a 180° array centered along the midline of the body. Analysis was divided into two periods: a first corresponding to the 250 ms preceding the onset of the reaching …