Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Mechanisms Of Diapause And Cold Tolerance In The Colorado Potato Beetle, Jacqueline E. Lebenzon
Mechanisms Of Diapause And Cold Tolerance In The Colorado Potato Beetle, Jacqueline E. Lebenzon
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Many temperate insects enter diapause (a state of dormancy) and enhance their cold tolerance to survive the winter. During diapause, the Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) stops developing, lowers its metabolism, and changes its physiology to avoid freezing. The extent to which diapause confers cold tolerance in CPB is currently unknown. In my thesis, I used CPB to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying metabolic suppression during diapause and cellular protection at sub-zero temperatures in insects. First, I used RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to compare gene expression in two metabolically important tissues (the fat body and flight muscle) …
Characterizing The Effects Of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (Pqq) Supplementation On Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function And Myogenesis During Oxidative Stress And Iugr., Allyson J. Wood
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 10-15% of births and is associated with placental insufficiency (PI), resulting in fetal oxidative stress (OS). This OS is a factor in the predisposition to postnatal noncommunicable disease (NCD) of which muscle mitochondrial dysfunctional is a key aspect. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an antioxidant-like compound, is capable of OS reduction and promotes mitochondrial function, though limited research has focused on its effects in in utero skeletal muscle. This study sought to investigate the impact of in vitro H2O2, a model of OS, and an in vivo model of OS associated IUGR, with …
Temperature-Dependent Alterations Of Brown Adipose Tissue Metabolism During Hibernation In The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus., Sarah V. Mcfarlane
Temperature-Dependent Alterations Of Brown Adipose Tissue Metabolism During Hibernation In The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus., Sarah V. Mcfarlane
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the major thermogenic tissue in small eutherian mammals. In hibernators, seasonal modifications of BAT are well documented but little is known about its functional regulation during hibernation. BAT metabolism is activated by sympathetic stimulation, so I hypothesized that further regulation at the mitochondrial level, as seen in other hibernator tissues, would be of little advantage. Contrary to my predictions, respiration rates of BAT mitochondria isolated from torpid thirteen-lined ground squirrels were suppressed by up to 62% compared with rates from individuals that aroused to interbout euthermia (IBE), when measured at 37°C. At 10°C, however, these …
Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism And Markers Of Insulin Resistance In Young Male Low Birth Weight Offspring In Combination With A Postnatal Western Diet, Kristyn Pamela Dunlop
Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism And Markers Of Insulin Resistance In Young Male Low Birth Weight Offspring In Combination With A Postnatal Western Diet, Kristyn Pamela Dunlop
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Low birth weight offspring are at increased risk for developing metabolic syndrome in later life, specifically its precursor, insulin resistance (IR). Reduced mitochondrial lipid metabolism is implicated in IR pathogenesis, promoting accumulation of acylcarnitines, and potentiating alterations in phosphorylation status of insulin signaling intermediates. While high-energy Western diets are classically implicated in IR progression, the in utero environment was recently highlighted as a major programming mechanism of later life IR. Using a guinea pig model of placental insufficiency, we investigated how an adverse in utero environment impacts later life mitochondrial lipid metabolism and IR progression, as well as its interaction …