Physiology Commons^™

The Effect Of Exercise Mode And Intensity Of Submaximal Physical Activities On Salivary Testosterone To Cortisol Ratio And Α-Amylase In Young Active Males, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Hoseyn Fatolahi, Mohammad Javad Rasaee, Maghsod Peeri, Roholah Babaei

International Journal of Exercise Science

We examined the effect of exercise intensity and mode on the acute responses of free testosterone to cortisol ratio and salivary α-amylase. We also evaluated the relationship between cortisol and salivary α-amylase. Ten healthy young active males participated voluntarily in this study in six single sessions. They exercised on a cycle ergo meter, treadmill, and elliptical instrument at intensities of 70% and 85% maximum heart rate for 25 minutes. Saliva samples were collected 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after each exercise session. No significant changes were observed for cortisol. Free testosterone to cortisol ratio increased during each exercise session …

Do Exergames Allow Children To Achieve Physical Activity Intensity Commensurate With National Guidelines?, Rachel Perron, Courtney Graham, Jamie Feldman, Rebecca Moffett, Eric E. Hall

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to determine if two popular exergames, Wii Fit™ and EA Sports Active™, both games for the Nintendo Wii™ console, help children achieve intensity consistent with recommended physical activity guidelines. Thirty children (19 males and 11 females, Mean age = 9.4 ± 1.8 years) participated in this study by playing each game during one research session. During the session participants wore a heart rate monitor and accelerometer to measure exercise intensity. Perceived exertion (RPE) was measured with the children’s run/walk OMNI scale. All three measures of exercise intensity (heart rate, accelerometer counts, and RPE) found …

Oxidative Stress Response To Short Duration Bout Of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise In Healthy Young Adults, Keith M. Diaz, Deborah L. Feairheller Phd, Kathleen M. Sturgeon, Sheara T. Williamson, Michael D. Brown

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to investigate the oxidative stress response to a short duration bout of submaximal exercise in a cohort of healthy young adults. 15 apparently healthy college age males and females completed a modified Bruce-protocol treadmill test to 75-80% of their heart rate reserve. Blood samples collected immediately before (pre-exercise), immediately after, 30, 60 and 120 minutes post-exercise were assayed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide disumutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyls (PC). SOD activity was significantly increased from pre-exercise levels at 30 minutes (77%), 60 minutes (33%), and 120 minutes (37%) post-exercise. …

The Relationship Between Stride Rates, Lengths And Body Size And Their Affect On Elite Triathletes’ Running Performance During Competition, Grant J. Landers, Brian A. Blanksby, Timothy R. Ackland

International Journal of Exercise Science

Previous research has suggested that a degree of predictability exists in the relationship between self-selected running stride rates (SR) and stride lengths (SL) with measures of body size such as mass, height and limb lengths. Significant correlations have also been revealed between these body size measures and performance and between SL and performance. However, there is also evidence to suggest that triathlon performance may be related to maintaining a longer SL during the final run. Hence, the aim of this investigation was to examine whether there was any relationship between SR and SL, with body masses and heights of senior …

Repeated Sprint Performance In Male And Female College Athletes Matched For Vo2max Relative To Fat Free Mass, Amanda L. Mageean, Ryan P. Alexander, Constance M. Mier

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in repeated sprint exercise (RSE) performance among male and female athletes matched for VO2max relative to FFM (VO2max FFM). Thirty nine male and female college athletes performed a graded exercise test for VO2max and hydrostatic weighing to determine FFM. From the results, 11 pairs of males and females matched for VO2max FFM (mean ± SD; 58.3 ± 4.3 and 58.9 ± 4.6 ml.kg FFM-1.min-1; men and women, respectively) were identified. On a separate day, matched participants performed a RSE protocol that consisted of five 6-sec cycle sprints with 30-sec recovery …

Case Study On The Development Of The International Journal Of Exercise Science, Scott Lyons

International Journal of Exercise Science

The International Journal of Exercise Science is a quarterly, online, open access publication dedicated to the dissemination of research in the areas of Exercise Science, Exercise Physiology, Human Performance, Kinesiology, and related disciplines. Dr. James W. Navalta and Dr. T. Scott Lyons (the author), both Associate Professors of Exercise Science at Western Kentucky University, are the founders of the International Journal of Exercise Science (IJES). IJES is a student-focused journal, in that the editors are specifically seeking research that is led by graduate or undergraduate students. Manuscripts submitted by professionals (defined as those holding a terminal degree) are also gladly …

Presence Of Observers Increases One Repetition Maximum In College-Age Males And Females, Steven C. Baker, Alan P. Jung, John K. Petrella

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purpose: To determine if the presence of observers affects muscular strength performance in college-age males and females. Methods: Twenty-five women and 24 men participated in the study. Two counter-balanced trials were performed in which participants completed 1-RM tests in bench press and leg press. During one trial, two members of the opposite gender observed the 1-RM tests. During the other trial there were no observers, other than the tester. Results: 1-RM for females increased 3.4±0.8 lbs on bench press (p<.001) and increased 9.2±3.8 lbs on leg press (p=.025) when observers were present. 1-RM for males increased 4.2±1.1 lbs on bench press (p=.001) and increased 18.8±5.2 lbs on leg press (p=.002) with observers present. There was no difference in the percent increase in 1-RM between males and females for either leg press (p=.71) or bench press (p=.08). Conclusion: College-age males and females lifted more weight during a 1-RM test when observers were present.

Intermittent Vs Continuous Graded Exercise Test For Vo2max In College Soccer Athletes, Constance M. Mier, Ryan P. Alexander

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to determine if a 1-min active recovery between stages during a graded exercise test (GXT) would result in a higher stage intensity and maximum oxygen uptake in college soccer athletes. Eleven athletes completed two GXT protocols on separate days. Each GXT consisted of 2-min stages performed at a constant running speed and incremental increases of 2.5% grade. One GXT was performed continuously and the other was intermittent with 1-min active recovery between each stage. Tests were performed to volitional fatigue. Following the each GXT and a 10-min active recovery period, participants performed a verification …

Physical Activity And Screen Time Sedentary Behaviors In College Students, Charles J. Fountaine, Gary A. Liguori, Arupendra Mozumdar, John M. Schuna Jr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

It is well established that Americans are not meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines and college students are no exception. Given the lack of regular PA, many health promotion professionals seek to discover what barriers to PA may exist. A common explanation is screen time (ST), which is comprised primarily of television viewing, computer use, and the playing of video games. The purpose of this study was to present descriptive data on college students’ PA and sedentary behavior and to assess if any evidence exists to suggest displacement between sedentary behaviors and PA in college students. Students completed an online health …

Ankle Spatting Compared To Bracing Or Taping During Maximal-Effort Sprint Drills, Grant D. Reuter, Angela R. Dahl, David S. Senchina

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to compare the influences of 4 ankle conditions (no support, bracing, taping, taping + spatting; all in football cleats) during 2 maximal-effort field drills (40-yd dash and 34-yd cutting drill) on perceptions of comfort and stability and performance outcomes. Fourteen young adult males participated. Subjects’ perceptions of comfort and stability were assessed by visual analogue scales after each drill for each ankle condition. Time-to-completion and post-completion heart rate were recorded. For both drills, significant differences in comfort perception were found such that subjects perceived no support as equivocal to bracing but more comfortable than …

Cadence, Stride Rate And Stride Length During Triathlon Competition, Grant J. Landers, Brian A. Blanksby, Timothy R. Ackland

International Journal of Exercise Science

Triathlon research shows cycling alters the physiological response of subsequent running but, at present, biomechanical changes are unresolved. This study examined cycling cadence and running stride rate (SR) and length (SL) used by senior elite triathletes during competition. These variables were then compared to running and triathlon performance.

Data from 51 elite male World Championships triathletes were analysed via video recordings and Video Expert II Coach. Triathletes revealed consistent cadences throughout the majority of the cycle (96.8 +2.7 rpm) and run (90.9 +2.4 rpm) disciplines. However, a cadence increase (99.6 +5.7 rpm) was recorded at the completion of the cycle …

Call Accuracy And Distance From The Play: A Study With Brazilian Soccer Referees, Mario Cesar Oliveira, Rogério Orbetelli, Turíbio L. Barros Neto

International Journal of Exercise Science

Refereeing decisions in soccer has always been a controversial issue. In order to better understand this subject, foul calls made by Brazilian soccer referees were evaluated to determine the potential relationship between the distance from the referee to a foul play and the accuracy of the call. Soccer matches supervised by the São Paulo State Football Federation were recorded and 321 foul calls were analyzed. No significant association was found between the referee’s distance from a foul play and accuracy of the call (p = 0.561). However, there was a significant increase in the number of correct calls in the …

The Effects Of Ellipical Cross Training On Vo2 Max In Recently Trained Runners, Dustin Joubert, Gary Oden, Brent Estes

International Journal of Exercise Science

This study examined the effects of elliptical cross training on VO2max in recently-trained runners. 12 female and 8 male participants (mean  SD; age = 23.70  6.33 years, body mass index = 24.85  5.89 kg/m2) completed an initial four-week run training program, exercising four days/week, 30 minutes/day, at 80% maximal heart rate. VO2max was predicted based on the duration of a Bruce graded-maximal treadmill test (GXT) prior to and after the run training. After initial training phase and post-test, subjects volunteered for the detrain group (n = 6) or were assigned to the run (n = 7) or …

The International Journal Of Exercise Science: 2010 Year In Review, Brian K. Mcfarlin, Thomas S. Lyons, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science

The International Journal of Exercise Science: 2010 Year in Review