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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Effects Of Voluntary Exercise On Pressure-Induced Natriuresis In Hypertensive Female And Male Rats, Keshari Sudasinghe
Effects Of Voluntary Exercise On Pressure-Induced Natriuresis In Hypertensive Female And Male Rats, Keshari Sudasinghe
All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects
Hypertension (HT) is one of the major diseases associated with the circulatory system and remains a public health problem with a high rate of prevalence in the adult population in the USA. The pressure natriuresis mechanism which is Na+ excretion in respond to rise in blood pressure acts as a long-term regulator of arterial blood pressure. Recent studies have demonstrated that impairment of this long-term pressure natriuresis mechanism is involved in hypertension (HT) and many other renal disorders. Exercise is a nonpharmacological treatment to help control HT, and exercise has a beneficial effect on vascular health, endothelial functions, arterial stiffness, …
Characterization Of Deiodinase Expression In The Hypothyroid Developing Cochlea, Maria A. Uscategui Calderon
Characterization Of Deiodinase Expression In The Hypothyroid Developing Cochlea, Maria A. Uscategui Calderon
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Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for cochlear development and normal auditory function. Considering the importance of TH in mediating cochlear development, understanding the degree to which developing tissues can adapt to perturbations in thyroid hormone signaling is extremely important. The deiodinases (D2 and D3) are enzymes that tightly control TH availability at the tissue level and have been proposed to function as adaptive mechanisms that maintain tissue TH homeostasis. D2 converts thyroxine (T4) to a biologically active ligand triiodothyronine (T3); locally amplifying a T3 signal. Conversely, Dio3 inactivates T3 and T4 by converting these iodothyronines to the inactive metabolites diiodothyronine …
The Effect Of Dorsal Rhizotomy On Renal Sodium Excretion Following Dorsal Spinal Stimulation, Tanko Tijani Ahmed
The Effect Of Dorsal Rhizotomy On Renal Sodium Excretion Following Dorsal Spinal Stimulation, Tanko Tijani Ahmed
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Hypertension is one of the most common risk factors in the development of heart disease, stroke and end stage renal failure. Sympathetic overactivity is believed to be one of the main mechanism behind resistant hypertension. Renal denervation has been used to treat resistant hypertension, although this procedure is an invasive one. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a known modality to treat ischemic pain, angina pectoris, and peripheral vascular diseases. In previous studies in this laboratory, unilateral spinal cord stimulation in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) at 67% of the motor threshold increased urinary sodium and water excretion significantly, without affecting mean …
The Relationship Between Seasonal Breeding And Deiodinase Expression In The Green Anole Lizard, Hyejoo Kang
The Relationship Between Seasonal Breeding And Deiodinase Expression In The Green Anole Lizard, Hyejoo Kang
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Reproductive physiology and behavior is mainly regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis. Interestingly, abnormal levels of thyroid hormone (TH) results in the delayed onset of puberty and affects gonadal function of adults by altering HPG axis activity. Seasonally breeding animals undergo drastic hormonal and behavioral changes between breeding and non-breeding seasons. Green anole lizards (Anolis carolinensis), similar to other seasonally breeding animals, have increased sex steroid hormones, larger gonads, upregulated gonadal steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mRNA and increased reproductive behavior during the breeding compared to non-breeding seasons. Relatively less is known regarding the regulation of gonadal TH in seasonal …
Quantification Of Brain-Region Specific Alterations In Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Expression During Developmental Hypothyroidism, Cari Lee Graber-Feesl
Quantification Of Brain-Region Specific Alterations In Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Expression During Developmental Hypothyroidism, Cari Lee Graber-Feesl
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Insufficient thyroid hormone (TH) during development results in permanent neurological deficits. These deficits are the result of perturbed TH-mediated brain development. Interestingly, insufficient insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf-1) during development results in neurological deficits that are similar to those reported for developmental hypothyroidism. This observation suggests that deficits associated with low TH during development may be the result of altered Igf-1 expression in the developing brain. To test this, timed-pregnant mice were treated with thyroid gland inhibitors from gestational day 16 (GD16) until postnatal day 21 (P21) to induce a hypothyroid state. A parallel set of untreated timed-pregnant mice were …
Temporal Localization Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (Igf1) Positive Cells In Developing Hypothyroid Brain, Shelby Anne Kline
Temporal Localization Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (Igf1) Positive Cells In Developing Hypothyroid Brain, Shelby Anne Kline
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Hypothyroidism has been known to result in numerous neuroanatomical defects in the developing brain. To investigate further into the mechanism in which these defects are obtained, local brain insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) was investigated in relation to the hypothyroid brain. There are many similarities between hypothyroidism and the Igf1 deficient brain. Additionally, TH (thyroid hormone) is known to interact with Igf1. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of induced congenital hypothyroidism on the temporal expression of Igf1-positive cells in the brain. To investigate the relationship between TH and Igf1 in the brain, we inhibited …
Effect Of Low Maternal Aldosterone On Offspring Cardiovascular Development, Travis Dean Mckee
Effect Of Low Maternal Aldosterone On Offspring Cardiovascular Development, Travis Dean Mckee
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Maternal conditions are well known to affect fetal cardiovascular development. This study was designed to investigate in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the effects of maternal aldosterone suppression on the development of hypertension in the offspring. A sham procedure or a right adrenalectomy combined with cryodestruction of the zona glomerulosa of the left adrenal gland was performed on SHR females. The rats were mated and male offspring were implanted at 11-13 weeks of age with a PA-C40 remote monitoring device placed into the femoral artery to record cardiovascular parameters for 4 weeks. Systolic (mmHg), diastolic (mmHg), and mean blood pressure (mmHg), …
The Effect Of Exercise On Endothelin And Endothelin Receptor Levels In Shr And Wky Male And Female Rats, Lacey Stiller
The Effect Of Exercise On Endothelin And Endothelin Receptor Levels In Shr And Wky Male And Female Rats, Lacey Stiller
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The role of exercise as a means to modulate renal function in hypertension is unclear. However, prior studies in the laboratory of Dr. Penny Knoblich indicate that exercised female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats excrete significantly more sodium in response to a rise in blood pressure relative to exercised male and sedentary female SHR and WKY rats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise on endothelin and endothelin receptor levels in the urine and kidneys of male and female SHR and WKY rats, to elucidate potential mechanisms to explain an increase …
The Increase In Renal Sodium Excretion In Response To Angiotensin Ii Infusion In Exercised Female Rats Is Dependent On A Rise In Renal Perfusion Pressure, Karmon Janssen
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Prior studies in this lab have shown that chronically exercised female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats excrete a greater amount of sodium in response to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion than do sedentary rats. The current study determined if the difference in renal sodium excretion persisted when the renal perfusion pressure (RPP) was held constant. Female SHR and female WKY rats were separated into sedentary and exercised groups at 4 weeks of age. The exercise group voluntarily exercised for at least eight weeks using an exercise wheel and time/distance monitor. At 13 weeks of age or older, …
The Effects Of Conditioning And Gender On Ratings Of Perceived Exertion During Physical Exercise, Dr. Roberta A. Pellant
The Effects Of Conditioning And Gender On Ratings Of Perceived Exertion During Physical Exercise, Dr. Roberta A. Pellant
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine if gender played a factor in perception during physical exertion, and whether those perceptions were influenced by conditioning level. Sixteen male and sixteen female volunteer subjects, ranging in age from 21 to 35, constituted the sample for this study. The Bruce protocol for a Symptom-Limited Graded Exercise test was the instrument utilized to evaluate heart rate during the maximal physical exercise program. A ventilatory analyzer measured each subject's maximal oxygen consumption. Borg's Rated Perceived Exertion Scale was employed for subjective evaluation of an individual's perception of effort. The t-test compared mean scores …