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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
Golfer Exposure To Pesticides, Jeffery Doherty
Golfer Exposure To Pesticides, Jeffery Doherty
Doctoral Dissertations
There is concern among industry regulators, turfgrass managers, and the general public over human exposure to pesticides following their application to turfgrass. The residential aspect of turfgrass applications raises concerns about exposure to infants and children, as well as adults. To accurately determine the exposure of golfers to turfgrass pesticides, it is necessary to understand their transfer and absorption dynamics, as well as the routes of golfer exposure. Previous research has demonstrated that exposure to some turfgrass pesticides is at a level that would concern USEPA risk assessors using the USEPA Hazard Quotient (HQ) criteria (1). This current research used …
Imidacloprid, A Neonicotinoid Insecticide, Impairs Lipid And Glucose Metabolism, Quancai Sun
Imidacloprid, A Neonicotinoid Insecticide, Impairs Lipid And Glucose Metabolism, Quancai Sun
Doctoral Dissertations
Emerging evidence suggests that environmental pollutants, including insecticides, are linked to excessive weight gain and altered glucose homeostasis. However, there is currently limited knowledge regarding the biochemical mechanisms by which exposure to insecticides contribute to obesity and its associated pathologies. We first studied the influence of fipronil (a phenylpyrazole family insecticide) on 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Recently imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, was reported to potentiate adipogenesis and insulin resistance in vitro. The current studies also determined the effects of imidacloprid exposure and its interaction with dietary fat in the development of adiposity and insulin resistance using both male and female C57BL/6J …
Robust Biosensors For Healthcare Applications: From High-Content Screening To Point-Of-Care Testing, Ngoc D. B. Le
Robust Biosensors For Healthcare Applications: From High-Content Screening To Point-Of-Care Testing, Ngoc D. B. Le
Doctoral Dissertations
Efficient detection of proteins, mammalian cells, microorganisms and other biological systems in complex mixture is essential in disease diagnosis and environmental health. Therefore, technological platforms that provide sensors of high sensitivity, selectivity and stability are greatly desired. Recently, the ‘chemical-nose’ sensing approach has proved to be an effective strategy for profiling bio-relevant targets in complex mixtures. Detecting analytes in complex mixture is a challenge that conventional specificity-based sensors are still trying to solve due to the requirement of prior knowledge of the analyte, which is unknown in many cases. This thesis focuses on how to develop simple and robust …
Effects Of Permethrin, A Pyrethroid Insecticide, On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism, Xiao Xiao
Effects Of Permethrin, A Pyrethroid Insecticide, On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism, Xiao Xiao
Doctoral Dissertations
Over the last few decades, the decline of using organochlorine and organophosphorus insecticides has partially contributed to the rising utilization of newer synthetic insecticides, which are considered as less harmful and more environmental friendly than the older generation of insecticides. Pyrethroid insecticides are one of the newer insecticide classes reported with better biodegradability and low mammalian toxicity without sacrificing its insecticidal efficacy. Permethrin is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides with structural similarity with natural pyrethrin insecticide from the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Since its introduction in the 1970’s, permethrin has been extensively used in medicine, military, …
Total Organic Iodine Quantification And Occurrence In Drinking Water, And Toxicity Assessment Of Iodinated Disinfection By-Products, Rassil El Sayess
Total Organic Iodine Quantification And Occurrence In Drinking Water, And Toxicity Assessment Of Iodinated Disinfection By-Products, Rassil El Sayess
Doctoral Dissertations
The focus of this work has been placed is on iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs), measured using total organic iodine (TOI), a surrogate measure of iodinated organics. This is due to the growing toxicity literature that places I-DBPs among the most toxic of all DBPs. To measure TOI in water, a new method was developed. This method combines adsorption, combustion, and trapping of combustion products, with an offline inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for iodide detection. Three factors were varied across two levels each in order to optimize the method. The chosen method used a sample pH of less than 1 prior …
Adsorption Of Biomolecules On Carbon-Based Nanomaterial As Affected By Surface Chemistry And Ionic Strength, Peng Du
Doctoral Dissertations
In the first project, we examined adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYZ) on carboxylated (CM), hydroxylated (HM) and graphitized (GM) multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). All adsorption isotherms were fitted well with Langmuir model. Maximum adsorption capacities (mg/g) followed: HM>CM>GM for both BSA and LYZ, which positively related to the surface areas of the three CNTs. However, after surface area normalization, adsorption capacity (mg/m2) followed: HM>GM>CM for BSA and GM>CM>HM for LYZ, indicating that functional groups and hydrophobicity of CNTs also contributed to protein adsorption. In addition, adsorption of LYZ …
Contributing Factors To Child Stunting In Guatemala: A Systems Analysis Focused On Enteric Disease Transmission And Mycotoxin Exposure, Lee Emerson Voth-Gaeddert
Contributing Factors To Child Stunting In Guatemala: A Systems Analysis Focused On Enteric Disease Transmission And Mycotoxin Exposure, Lee Emerson Voth-Gaeddert
Doctoral Dissertations
"Child stunting -- low height-for-age -- is a United Nation's indicator for chronic malnutrition that has been linked to both acute and chronic health problems. Data from Guatemala suggests for children under five years of age, 49% are classified as stunted. This dissertation tests the following hypotheses, among children in Guatemala 1) environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is correlated with height-for-age, 2) aflatoxin B (AFB) exposure is correlated with height-for-age, and 3) AFB exposure is correlated with EED. A network analysis was conducted on data from the US Agency for International Development (USAID) collected in 2012 to identify trends in a …