Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Alteration In Basic Macrophage And Lymphocyte Cytokines From Benzene And Phenol In The Drinking Water Of Male Institute Of Cancer Research Mice, Jay C. Albretsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Groundwater contamination is a concern due to the large number of people that can become exposed to the contaminant. The chemicals benzene and phenol are known groundwater contaminants. The main health problem caused by benzene or phenol is bone marrow toxicity. Benzene and phenol are also immunotoxins reported to cause decreased thymic weights, altered lymphocyte mitogenic responses, and lower antibody production.

Cytokines are key signaling molecules produced by the cells of the immune system to activate other cells in the immune system, produce antibodies, and recruit other cells to sites of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine …

The Immunological And Neurochemical Toxicity Of Benzene And Its Interaction With Toluene In Mice, Gin-Chang Hsieh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Benzene and toluene are known groundwater contaminants . Male CD-I mice were continuously exposed to 0, 31, 166, and 790 mg/ L benzene and 0, 17, 80, and 405 mg/L toluene, respectively, in drinking water for four weeks. Benzene caused a reduction of leukocytes, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, and resulted in a macrocytic anemia. Lymphocyte response to both B- and T-cell mitogens, mixed lymphocyte response to alloantigens, and the ability of cytotoxic lymphocytes to lyse tumor cells were enhanced at the lowest dose of benzene and depressed in the higher dosage animals. Benzene at doses of 166 and 790 mg/L decreased …