Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Selected Neuropharmacology Of Resurgence, Adam D. Pyszczynski

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The reemergence of problem behavior (i.e., relapse) is a key concern in most behavioral interventions. Resurgence refers to the reappearance of a previously rewarded behavior when reward for an alternative behavior is also discontinued. It is especially relevant to the reappearance of problem behavior because many behavioral interventions discontinue reward for aberrant behavior while simultaneously rewarding an appropriate response.

Understanding the underlying neuropharmacology of behavioral phenomena such as resurgence is important because it helps elucidate the neural processes at the root of such behavior, and also has implications for pharmacotherapies. Existing information about the neuropharmacology of resurgence is scarce, but …

Smoking, Anemia, And Risk Of Oral Clefts In Utah, Melinda Michelle Moss

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cigarette smoke contains sufficient carbon monoxide to induce maternal and fetal hypoxia. Hypoxia is a known teratogen, and consequently maternal smoking has been the focus of many studies on adverse birth outcomes, including cleft lip and palate. Current literature of epidemiological studies on smoking and clefts suggests a modest but statistically significant increase in risk of clefting associated with maternal smoking. A biological condition that may also contribute to hypoxia is anemia. Data from the Utah Child and Family Health Study was used to assess the effects of hypoxia-inducing conditions, maternal smoking, anemia, and their interaction, on the risk of …

The Effects Of Alternative-Site Blood Glucose Monitoring On Testing Frequency, Pain Rating, And Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Nancy Bennion

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A crossover design study was conducted to determine if reducing pain, by using alternative sites off the finger tip, would increase testing frequency and improve clinical outcome as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin. Subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes tested with the FreeStyle alternative-site meter (group 1) or tested with their original meter (group 2). After 3 months the subjects used the alternate meter. Testing frequency and blood glucose concentrations were recorded for the month before the study began and monthly thereafter. Glycosylated hemoglobin was tested initially, at the crossover point, and at study conclusion. Insulin users increased testing …

Synthesis Of 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid-Protein Conjugates For Development Of Enzyme Immunoassay For B-Lactam Antibiotics, Alice Ann Heth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An enzyme immunoassay specific for several β-lactam antibiotics rather than individual antibiotics was investigated. The goal to develop an enzyme immunoassay for analysis of a whole class of compounds at one time is different than the goal of most enzyme immunoassays which desire specificity for drugs or hormone levels. Detection of the presence of all β-lactam antibiotics is wanted and identification of specific antibiotics is not needed.

6-Aminopenicillanic acid, the common structural moiety of β-lactam antibiotics was used tin this investigation. Methods of preparation of 6-aminopencillanic acid conjugates and antibodies needed for enzyme immunoassays have been developed. 6-Aminopenicillanic acid was …