Nutrition Commons^™

Whole Egg Consumption Impairs Insulin Sensitivity In Rat Model Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes, Cassondra J. Saande, Megan A. Steffes, Joseph L. Webb, Rudy J. Valentine, Matthew J. Rowling, Kevin Schalinske

Rudy Valentine

Background: The literature regarding the relation between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconsistent and there is limited evidence pertaining to the impact of egg consumption on measures of insulin sensitivity. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary whole egg on metabolic biomarkers of insulin resistance in T2D rats. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cdn/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cdn/nzz015/5374517 by Iowa State University user on 28 March 2019 Methods: Male Zucker diabetic fatty rats (n=12; 6 wk of age) and their lean controls (n=12; 6 wk of age) were randomly assigned to a casein- or whole egg-based diet. At …

The Effect Of Six Days Of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation On Performance In Trained Crossfit Athletes, Samuel J. Kramer, Daniel A. Baur, Maria T. Spicer, Matthew D. Vukovich

Matthew Vukovich

Background: While it is well established that dietary nitrate reduces the metabolic cost of exercise, recent evidence suggests this effect is maintained 24 h following the final nitrate dose when plasma nitrite levels have returned to baseline. In addition, acute dietary nitrate was recently reported to enhance peak power production. Our purpose was to examine whether chronic dietary nitrate supplementation enhanced peak power 24 h following the final dose and if this impacted performance in a heavily power-dependent sport. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, crossover design, maximal aerobic capacity, body composition, strength, maximal power (30 s Wingate), endurance (2 km …

Changes In Dietary Patterns And Body Composition Within 12 Months Of Liver Transplantation, Mccoy Simone, Katrina Campbell, Annie-Claude Lassemillante, Matthew P. Wallen, Jonathan Fawcett, Maree Jarrett, Graeme A. Macdonald, Ingrid J. Hickman

Katrina Campbell

Background:

Cardiometabolic risk factors are increasing in liver transplant recipients (LTR). Influencing dietary factors have not been assessed. The aim of this observational study was to assess changes in weight, metabolic function, dietary intake and eating behaviours in the first year after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).

Methods:

Consecutive recruitment of 17 patients (14 males) awaiting OLT at a single tertiary hospital. Dietary intake, food behaviours and anthropometry were recorded at baseline, and 6 and 12 months post-transplant.

Results:

By 12 months, patients had gained on average 7.3% of body weight. The prevalence of overweight or obesity increased from baseline 53% …

The Malnutrition Screening Tool In Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Comparison Of Validity When Completed By Health Professionals With And Without Malnutrition Screening Training Has Implications For Practice, Skye Marshall, Adrienne Young, Elizabeth Isenring

Skye Marshall

Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring

Liz Isenring

Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring

Skye Marshall

Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring

Ekta Agarwal

A Pilot Study To Assess The Feasibility, Safety And Acceptability Of Soy-Based Diet For Pregnant Women At High Risk For Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Ling Shi, Vidya Iyer, Emily Jones, Tiffany A. Moore Simas, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Laura L. Hayman

Laura L. Hayman

Background: Diet plays an important role in the prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Previous studies suggest that soy protein and isoflavones may have beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Little is known regarding the cardiometabolic effects of soy intake during pregnancy. This pilot study assessed the feasibility, safety and acceptability of daily consumption of soy foods during pregnancy in women at high risk for GDM, and participant adherence to their assigned treatment.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among pregnant women at high risk for GDM. The Soy group were counseled to consume a …

Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone) Supplementation And Its Benefits In Cardiovascular Disease, Osteoporosis, And Cancer, Grant S. Buchanan, Md, Thomas Melvin, Brandon Merritt, Charles Bishop, Md, Franklin D. Shuler, Md, Phd

Franklin D. Shuler

Vitamin K is known to play an essential role in the coagulation cascade; however, a growing body of research has found that a subtype of this vitamin, vitamin K2 (menaquinone) may have a beneficial effect in osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. This purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of recent literature regarding menaquinone and its role in human health. This review discusses the physiology of menaquinone, its clinical benefits in cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and cancer, and how it may interact with certain medications. The authors conclude that menaquinone supplementation has been shown to improve carboxylation of …

Malnourished Older Adults With Informal Caregivers Admitted To Rural Rehabilitation Units Remain Malnourished During And After Rehabilitation: A Prospective Cohort Study Of Current Practice, Skye Marshall, Adrienne Young, Judith Bauer, Elizabeth Isenring

Skye Marshall

Understanding the nutritional journey older adults make from rehabilitation to home may help to engage and support the patient and their informal caregiver during this process. This study aimed to determine the change in nutritional status, physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) amongst malnourished older adults (≥65years) with informal caregivers admitted to rural rehabilitation and 12 weeks post-discharge to the community.

Malnutrition In Geriatric Rehabilitation: Prevalence, Patient Outcomes And Criterion Validity Of The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (Pg-Sga) And The Mini Nutritional Assessment (Mna), Skye Marshall, Adrienne Young, Judith Bauer, Elizabeth Isenring

Skye Marshall

No abstract provided.

Malnourished Older Adults Admitted To Rehabilitation In Rural New South Wales Remain Malnourished Throughout Rehabilitation And Once Discharged Back To The Community: A Prospective Cohort Study, Skye Marshall, Adrienne Young, Judith Bauer, Elizabeth Isenring

Skye Marshall

No abstract provided.

Malnutrition In Geriatric Rehabilitation: Prevalence, Patient Outcomes And Criterion Validity Of The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (Pg-Sga) And The Mini Nutritional Assessment (Mna), Skye Marshall, Adrienne Young, Judith Bauer, Liz Isenring

Skye Marshall

There is strong evidence showing malnutrition is under-recognized and underdiagnosed in the rehabilitation setting. Accurate identification and management of malnutrition is essential so that patient outcomes may be improved and resources used efficaciously.The Scored PG-SGA and MNA require evaluation of their validity in diagnosing malnutrition in rehabilitation. In addition, the prevalence of malnutrition and associated patient outcomes in rural Australian populations has not been reported.

The Malnutrition Screening Tool In Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Comparison Of Validity When Completed By Health Professionals With And Without Malnutrition Screening Training Has Implications For Practice, Skye Marshall, Adrienne Young, Elizabeth Isenring

Liz Isenring

Geriatric Nutrition, Robert Barraco

Robert D Barraco MD, MPH

No abstract provided.

The Consequences Of Malnutrition Following Discharge From Rehabilitation To The Community: A Systematic Review Of Current Evidence In Older Adults, Skye Marshall, Judith Bauer, Elisabeth Isenring

Skye Marshall

Systematic Review Of Diet Quality Indices And Their Associations With Health-Related Outcomes In Children And Adolescents

Skye Marshall

Welcome To The Journal Of Evolution And Health, Aaron Blaisdell, Paul Jaminet, David C. Pendergrass

Aaron P Blaisdell

Welcome to the first issue of the Journal of Evolution and Health! The Journal of Evolution and Health is the peer-reviewed, open-access journal of the Ancestral Health Society, a community of scientists, healthcare professionals, and laypersons who collaborate to understand health challenges from an evolutionary perspective.

Preventing Paediatric Obesity; Recommendations From A Community-Based Qualitative Investigation, Patricia Tucker, Jennifer Irwin, L. Sangster Bouck, Meizi He, G. Pollett

Trish Tucker

Childhood obesity is on the rise, and interventions targeted at pre-school-aged children are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. Physical activity programming and decreasing screen viewing may be advantageous ways to reduce the early onset of obesity. Parents' perceptions regarding effective tools and programmes to target obesity are needed to develop an efficacious programme. Ten semi-structured focus groups were conducted for this qualitative study. Two experienced moderators facilitated all focus groups which were conducted in local day cares, workplaces and play groups, frequented by parents. All focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Strategies to ensure trustworthiness of …

Are Informal Carers And Community Care Workers Effective In Managing Malnutrition In The Older Adult Community? A Systematic Review Of Current Evidence, Skye Marshall, Judith Bauer, Sandra Capra, Elisabeth Isenring

Skye Marshall

Perceptions Of Flatulence From Bean Consumption Among Adults In 3 Feeding Studies, Donna M. Winham, Andrea M. Hutchins

Donna Winham

Background: Many consumers avoid eating beans because they believe legume consumption will cause excessive intestinal gas or flatulence. An increasing body of research and the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans supports the benefits of a plant-based diet, and legumes specifically, in the reduction of chronic disease risks. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the perception of increased flatulence and gastrointestinal discomfort among participants who consumed a ½ cup of beans daily for 8 or 12 weeks. Methods: Participants in three studies to test the effects of beans on heart disease biomarkers completed the same weekly questionnaire to …

Oral Contraceptives And Fat Patterning In Young Adult Women, Ruth E. Litchfield, Katharine K. Grunewald

Ruth E. Litchfield

. Ninety white nulliparous young women (18-26 years of age) participated in a double-blind study designed to compare fat patterning and other physical measurements in oral contraceptive (OCA) users and non- users. Oral contraceptive users (N = 30) and non-users (N = 60) were matched on a 1:2 basis for height and weight. The OCA users and non- users had similar circumference and skinfold measurements, except that OCA users had larger axilla skinfold measurements. Progestational activity of the oral contraceptives was not associated with any measurements taken. However, estrogenic activity was positively correlated with measured body weight, body mass index, …