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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Nutrition
A Program Evaluation Of Nutrition-Based Educational Modules Designed For The University Of Windsor Lancers Varsity Athletics, Justine Van Herk
A Program Evaluation Of Nutrition-Based Educational Modules Designed For The University Of Windsor Lancers Varsity Athletics, Justine Van Herk
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this program evaluation was to develop nutrition-based educational modules for the coaches and student-athletes at the University of Windsor and to investigate their effectiveness, usefulness, and applicability. The nutrition-based educational modules were a collaborative effort between the Community Health, Environment, and Wellness (CHEW) lab and the Centre for Human Performance and Health (CHPH). Eight teams voluntarily participated in the 6-week implementation period with the nutrition-based educational modules. Following this implementation period, nine participants (n = 2 coaches, n = 7 student-athletes) volunteered to provide feedback during one-on-one semi-structured virtual interviews. The interview guide was divided into …
The Role Of Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus) On Inflammation, Lipid Metabolism, And Endothelial Dysfunction As Related To The Metabolic Syndrome, Natalie Vandenakker
The Role Of Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus) On Inflammation, Lipid Metabolism, And Endothelial Dysfunction As Related To The Metabolic Syndrome, Natalie Vandenakker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is major public health concern. Diet can play a major role in the prevention and/or progression of the MetS. At 8 weeks of age, male obese Zucker rat (OZR) and their lean littermates (LZR) were placed on a control or an 8% w/w whole red raspberry (WRR)-enriched diet for 8 weeks. Circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and their gene expression in the liver and adipose tissue were evaluated. Several lipid markers were measured in the plasma, liver and adipose tissue. The expression of eight genes related to lipid metabolism were evaluated, both in liver and adipose tissue. …
Expanding Our Understanding On Feed Spoilage And Developing Novel Approaches For Its Mitigation, Marjorie A. Killerby
Expanding Our Understanding On Feed Spoilage And Developing Novel Approaches For Its Mitigation, Marjorie A. Killerby
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The main objective of this study is to improve the understanding and awareness of conserved feed spoilage and to develop novel technologies that can prevent it. In chapter 1, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of chemical (50 articles)and biological (21 articles)preservatives on hay spoilage during storage. Multi-level linear mixed-effects modelswere fit including moderators:Preservative Class (PC), forage type (FT); moisture class (MC), and application rate (AR). Dry matter (DM) loss was affected by PC×FT (P=0.045), PC×AR (P<0.001), and PC×MC (P=0.009),relative to the overall effect of preservatives (-0.37% units). DM loss in propionic acid (PropA)-treated hay was numerically reduced to a greater extent in grasses (-16.2), followed by mixed hay (-1.76), but it was actually increased (+2.2%)in legume hay.Increasing ARof PropA resulted in decrease in DM loss (β = -1.34).Application ofBuffered Organic Acids,Other Organic Acids, PropA,and Anhydrous Ammoniadecreased visual moldiness by -22.1, -29.4, -45.5 and -12.2% units, respectively (PC; P<0.001). Sugars increased in treated grass hay (+1.9) and decreased in treated legume hay -0.8% DM, respectively (P<0.001). Microbial inoculants had small effects on hay spoilage since the overall DM loss effect size was - 0.21%. Inoculated grass hay preserved moresugars (+1.47) than treated legume hay (+0.33) relative to untreated hay (x=4.63% DM; P<0.001). In conclusion, organic acid-based preservatives effectively prevent spoilage of hay as influenced by FT, MC and AR, but microbial inoculants had only small effects. In chapter 2, we evaluated the effects of chemical and biological preservatives and ensiling stage on spoilage, ruminal in vitro fermentation, and methane production of wet brewer’s grain (WBG) silage. Treatments (TRT) were sodium lignosulfonate at10 g/kg (NaL1) and 20 g/kg (NaL2; fresh WBG), propionic acid at 5 g/kg fresh WBG (PRP, 99%), a combination inoculant (INO; Lactococcus lactisand Lactobacillus buchneri each at 4.9 log cfu/fresh WBG g), and untreated (CON). Three stages (STG) were tested:treated WBG (Fresh) was ensiled for 60 d(Ensiled), after which they were opened and aerobically exposed for 10 d (AES). Data were analyzed as a RCBD (5 blocks) with a 5 TRT × 3 STG(Fresh, Ensiled and AES) factorial arrangement. Our results show that Ensiled PRP-treated WBG markedly preserved more sugars (250) and starch (190) than all other Ensiled TRT (x=136 ± 16.2sugarsg/kg DM and x=121 ± 6.15 starch g/kg DM, respectively; P<0.001). Due to its superior nutritive value, PRP-treated AES was less aerobically stable than CON (61.9 vs. 90.1 h; P = 0.03). Preservation was not improved by INO, NaL1 or NaL2, but the latter prevented the increase of neutral detergent fiber (NDF)across STG (x=384).In vitro ruminal fermentation of Fresh WBG resulted in higher methane concentration (0.94) and yield (0.27) than theother STG (x=0.84 ± 0.07mMand x=0.23 ± 0.03mmol/g fermented OM, respectively). In conclusion, PRP was the most effective at preserving WBG during ensiling but failed to improve aerobic stability. In chapter 3, we evaluated the effects of application rate (AR) of sodium lignosulfonate (NaL) and propionic acid(PRP)on high moisture alfalfa hay spoilage during storage and its nutritive value. Treatments (TRT; NaL and PRP) were applied at four AR: 0 (CON), 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg (fresh basis) to alfalfa hay at 68.5% DM, packed into mini balesand stored for 33 d.Data were analyzed as a RCBD(5 blocks) with a 2 TRT x 4 AR factorial arrangement. At d 33, DM losses were decreased by PRP at 5 and 10 g/kg (0.9), vs.CON (6.92) andNaL (6.63 ± 1.13%). Visual moldiness (0-10) and mold counts were also decreased by PRP at 5 (2.4 and 5.30) and 10 g/kg (0 and 2.7) relative to CON (6.0 and 7.13) and NaL (5.85 ± 0.67 and 7.21 ± 0.31 log cfu/fresh g, respectively). Both TRT increased apparent in vitroDM digestibility at all AR relative to CON (x=543 vs 501 ± 12.0g/kgof DM, respectively), but the acetate-to-propionate ratio was higher for NaL at 10 g/kg (3.02) vs. CON (2.89 ± 0.04). In conclusion, NaL failed to prevent spoilage of high moisture alfalfa hay while PRP was effective at doses >5 g/kg. Both TRT at 10 g/kg improved the rumen in vitro fermentation measures of high moisture alfalfa hay but PRP …
Fermentation Of Carcinus Maenas As A Method Of Waste Stream Valorization, Delaney M. Greiner
Fermentation Of Carcinus Maenas As A Method Of Waste Stream Valorization, Delaney M. Greiner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The European green crab, Carcinus maenas, is an aggressive invasive species of green crab that has had severe ecological and economic effects to the North American East Coast since the early 1800s. The green crab has disrupted entire ecosystems, particularly in the Gulf of Maine, due to its eating and uprooting of eel grass. The disruption of this plant reduces coastal habitats for bivalves and other coastal marine life. The green crabs have also been found to prey on juvenile lobsters and bivalve mollusks, disrupting both the ecosystem in the Gulf of Maine and the seafood economy dependent on lobsters …
To Know The Land With Hands And Minds: Negotiating Agricultural Knowledge In Late-Nineteenth-Century New England And Westphalia, Justus Hillebrand
To Know The Land With Hands And Minds: Negotiating Agricultural Knowledge In Late-Nineteenth-Century New England And Westphalia, Justus Hillebrand
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ever since the eighteenth century, experts have tried to tell farmers how to farm. The agricultural enlightenment in Europe marked the beginning of a long arc of new experts aiming to change agricultural knowledge and practice. This dissertation analyzes the pivotal period in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century in Germany and the United States when scientists, improvers, and market agents began to develop comprehensive ways to communicate agricultural innovation to farmers. In a functional approach to analyzing the negotiation of agricultural knowledge through its communication in things, words, and practices, this dissertation argues that the process of change …
Sarcopenia Screening By Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Rdns) In The United States (U.S.), Madison Marcom
Sarcopenia Screening By Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Rdns) In The United States (U.S.), Madison Marcom
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sarcopenia is a disease of muscle wasting primarily seen in older adults. Although this term was first coined over three decades ago, there is a lack of consensus on a definition, screening criteria, and treatment protocol for sarcopenia. The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in the United States (U.S.) screen for sarcopenia. Study participants were recruited through a randomized email list and included RDNs throughout the U.S. Respondents completed a survey questioning knowledge of sarcopenia, screening tools and company protocols in place, and the need and desire for sarcopenia education. Data revealed …
Strength And Body Composition Changes Of Junior Hockey Players During The Competitive Season, Dan Marquette
Strength And Body Composition Changes Of Junior Hockey Players During The Competitive Season, Dan Marquette
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: This study investigated the body composition and strength changes of NAHL junior hockey players across a competitive season. It was hypothesized that players would lose lean body mass loss from pre-season to end-season. The secondary hypothesis was that players would lose strength in relation to the anticipated loss in lean body mass. Methods: Outcome measurements were taken at pre-season, mid-season, and endseason points of a competitive NAHL junior hockey season (n = 15, age = 19.1 years). Body composition was measured using air plethysmography (BodPod) and strength was measured using isokinetic strength testing (Biodex). Results: No significant changes in …
Effectiveness Of An Educational Intervention To Reduce Ageism In Undergraduate Students In An Entry-Level Nutrition Class, Ann Irvin Armstrong
Effectiveness Of An Educational Intervention To Reduce Ageism In Undergraduate Students In An Entry-Level Nutrition Class, Ann Irvin Armstrong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although the older adult population continues to increase, ageism remains an issue in the healthcare system and is prevalent among nutrition-related professionals. The aim of our study is to is determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention to reduce ageism among pre-healthcare professionals including Nutrition major students. Undergraduate students enrolled in an entry-level nutrition class were recruited and randomized into an intervention (INT) group (n=30) and a control (CON) group (n=29). The online educational intervention consisted of pre-recorded lectures and videos regarding ageism and myths regarding aging for the INT group, and on cultural competency and biases (other than ageism) …
Traditional And Local Food Procurement Motivators, Barriers, And Desires From Foodservice Directors In South Dakota Schools With High Enrollments Of Native American Students, Anna Barr
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purpose/Objectives: The objectives of the study were two-fold: 1) Determine the motivators and barriers to local food and local traditional food procurement among Food Service Directors (FSDs) of South Dakota (SD) schools serving Native American (NA) students, and 2) determine what traditional foods are desired for local procurement by the same population.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. An online survey was emailed to SD FSDs at 42 schools with high enrollments NA students. Eligibility was determined by 1) participation in National School Lunch Program (NSLP), and 2) >50% enrollment NA students. Motivators and barriers were determined by averaging …
The Effects Of Hip Rotation On Hip Abductor Muscle Activation During Lateral Band Walk Exercise, Gina M. Fritz
The Effects Of Hip Rotation On Hip Abductor Muscle Activation During Lateral Band Walk Exercise, Gina M. Fritz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
BACKGROUND: Lateral band walks (LBW) have been used to strengthen hip abductors and decrease risk of lower extremity injuries. Several methods have been used to complete this exercise to determine which has the best outcome. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare muscle activation of the gluteus medius (Gmed), gluteus maximus (Gmax), and tensor fasciae latae (TFL) during straight leg LBW exercises performed using three different hip positions: 30-degree internal rotation, 30-degree external rotation, and a neutral hip position. METHODS: Thirty-seven recreationally active participants (10 male, 27 female; age=21.4±2.2 yr; mass=71.4±13kg; height=1.7±0.1 m) completed this study. Surface EMG …