Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Neuroscience and Neurobiology Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Neuroscience and Neurobiology
Dissociation Between Face Perception And Face Memory In Adults, But Not Children, With Developmental Prosopagnosia, Kirsten A. Dalrymple, Lúcia Garrido, Brad Duchaine
Dissociation Between Face Perception And Face Memory In Adults, But Not Children, With Developmental Prosopagnosia, Kirsten A. Dalrymple, Lúcia Garrido, Brad Duchaine
Dartmouth Scholarship
Cognitive models propose that face recognition is accomplished through a series of discrete stages, including perceptual representation of facial structure, and encoding and retrieval of facial information. This implies that impaired face recognition can result from failures of face perception, face memory, or both. Studies of acquired prosopagnosia, autism spectrum disorders, and the development of normal face recognition support the idea that face perception and face memory are distinct processes, yet this distinction has received little attention in developmental prosopagnosia (DP). To address this issue, we tested the face perception and face memory of children and adults with DP. By …
Medial Temporal Lobe Bold Activity At Rest Predicts Individual Differences In Memory Ability In Hhealthy Young Adults, Gagan S. Wig, Scott T. Grafton, Kathryn E. Demos, George L. Wolford, Steven E. Petersen, William M. Kelley
Medial Temporal Lobe Bold Activity At Rest Predicts Individual Differences In Memory Ability In Hhealthy Young Adults, Gagan S. Wig, Scott T. Grafton, Kathryn E. Demos, George L. Wolford, Steven E. Petersen, William M. Kelley
Dartmouth Scholarship
Human beings differ in their ability to form and retrieve lasting long-term memories. To explore the source of these individual differences, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity in healthy young adults (n = 50) during periods of resting fixation that were interleaved with periods of simple cognitive tasks. We report that medial temporal lobe BOLD activity during periods of rest predicts individual differences in memory ability. Specifically, individuals who exhibited greater magnitudes of task-induced deactivations in medial temporal lobe BOLD signal (as compared to periods of rest) demonstrated superior memory during offline testing. This relationship …
Visibility, Visual Awareness, And Visual Masking Of Simple Unattended Targets Are Confined To Areas In The Occipital Cortex Beyond Human V1/V2, Peter U. Tse, Susanna Martinez-Conde, Alexander A. Schlegel, Stephen L. Macknik
Visibility, Visual Awareness, And Visual Masking Of Simple Unattended Targets Are Confined To Areas In The Occipital Cortex Beyond Human V1/V2, Peter U. Tse, Susanna Martinez-Conde, Alexander A. Schlegel, Stephen L. Macknik
Dartmouth Scholarship
In visual masking, visible targets are rendered invisible by modifying the context in which they are presented, but not by modifying the targets themselves. Here, we localize the neuronal correlates of visual awareness in the human brain by using visual masking illusions. We compare monoptic visual masking activation, which we find within all retinotopic visual areas, with dichoptic masking activation, which we find only in those retinotopic areas downstream of V2. Because monoptic and dichoptic masking are equivalent in magnitude perceptually, the present results establish a lower bound for maintenance of visual awareness of simple unattended targets. Moreover, we find …
Distinct Neural Systems Subserve Person And Object Knowledge, Jason P. Mitchell, Todd F. Heatherton, C. Neil Macrae
Distinct Neural Systems Subserve Person And Object Knowledge, Jason P. Mitchell, Todd F. Heatherton, C. Neil Macrae
Dartmouth Scholarship
Studies using functional neuroimaging and patient populations have demonstrated that distinct brain regions subserve semantic knowledge for different classes of inanimate objects (e.g., tools, musical instruments, and houses). What this work has yet to consider, however, is how conceptual knowledge about people may be organized in the brain. In particular, is there a distinct functional neuroanatomy associated with person knowledge? By using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we measured neural activity while participants made semantic judgments about people or objects. A unique pattern of brain activity was associated with person judgments and included brain regions previously implicated in other …