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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Microbiology
The Role Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (Hif-1⍺) In Human Coronavirus Oc43 Infection, Olivia Faith Riffey
The Role Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (Hif-1⍺) In Human Coronavirus Oc43 Infection, Olivia Faith Riffey
Masters Theses
The importance of altering host cell metabolism for promoting infection and propagation of coronaviruses highlights the intricate play between viruses and the cells they infect (1). Upregulation of the glycolytic pathway in host cells infected with coronaviruses was observed in single-cell RNAseq, although the mechanism(s) that mediate this effect are still being investigated(2). Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1⍺) is a transcription factor that regulates many glycolytic enzymes. Recent studies have identified SARS-CoV-2 upregulation of HIF-1⍺, which suggests it may have an important role in virus production (3, 4). However, the exact role and physiological relevance of HIF-1⍺ during viral infection is …
Heat Inactivation Kinetics Of Tulane Virus And Aichi Virus, Sukriti Ailavadi
Heat Inactivation Kinetics Of Tulane Virus And Aichi Virus, Sukriti Ailavadi
Masters Theses
Human noroviruses (HNoVs) and Aichi virus (AiV) causes significant number of gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. Tulane virus (TV), a cultivable HNoV surrogate, is used to determine control measures against HNoV. The objectives of this study were to determine the heat inactivation kinetics of TV and AiV in cell-culture media and TV in spinach using the first-order and Weibull models. TV and AiV in cell-culture media at ~7 log PFU/ml in 2-ml glass vials were heated at 50-58°C [degree Celsius] up to 10 min in a circulating water-bath. Surviving infectious viruses were enumerated by standard plaque assays using confluent host cells in …
Improving Aedes Mosquito Surveillance And La Crosse Virus Screening In Eastern Tennessee, Cassandra Urquhart
Improving Aedes Mosquito Surveillance And La Crosse Virus Screening In Eastern Tennessee, Cassandra Urquhart
Masters Theses
La Crosse virus (LACV), transmitted by infected Aedes triseriatus, Ae. albopictus, and Ae. japonicus mosquitoes is the leading cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis. Severe cases of LAC encephalitis occur in individuals 16-years-old or younger and may cause permanent neurological damage or fatality. No vaccines exist making mosquito control and disease prevention crucial to public health. Effective screening and surveillance practices are key components to these goals. While a number of standard mosquito surveillance methods exist, continuous testing and improved understanding of vector biology to determine the best ways to implement these methods is important. Additionally, the current standard …
Chemokines And Peptides That Promote And Inhibit Cmv Entry, Elisabeth Anne Pitt
Chemokines And Peptides That Promote And Inhibit Cmv Entry, Elisabeth Anne Pitt
Masters Theses
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes morbidity and mortality in congenitally infected newborns, transplant recipients, and AIDS patients. Currently, there is no approved CMV vaccine to address these issues. In an effort to develop an alternative treatment to CMV we tested our hypothesis that heparan sulfate binding D-peptides would be effective against multiple HCMV strains in vitro and it would be effective in vivo against murine CMV (MCMV) (Chapter 1). We show that the D-peptide is able to reduce CMV infection in vitro and in vivo. Another approach to combating CMV infections is to neutralize pathogenic factors that contribute to CMV …
The Effects Of Nutrient Limitation And Cyanophage On Heterotrophic Microbial Diversity, Claire Elyse Campbell
The Effects Of Nutrient Limitation And Cyanophage On Heterotrophic Microbial Diversity, Claire Elyse Campbell
Masters Theses
Marine viruses are critically important in the regulation of biogeochemical cycles and host microbial communities. In this study, we tested whether the indirect effects of virus predation on a phototroph (i.e., Synechococcus) affected the composition of co-occurring heterotrophic bacteria under nitrogen and phosphorus limitation in long-term chemostat experiments. Using 454 Titanium barcoded pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, microbial diversity and technical (i.e., sequencing) reproducibility were assessed for nine individual chemostats across five different time points. A total of 325,142 reads were obtained; 194,778 high-quality, non-cyanobacterial sequences were assigned to 110 OTUs. Our results show high reproducibility …