Marine Biology Commons^™

Potential Interactions Between Diatoms And Bacteria Are Shaped By Trace Element Gradients In The Southern Ocean, Alexa R. Sterling, Laura Z. Holland, Randelle M. Bundy, Shannon M. Burns, Kristen N. Buck, P. Dreux Chappell, Bethany D. Jenkins

OES Faculty Publications

The growth of diatoms in the Southern Ocean, especially the region surrounding the West Antarctic Peninsula, is frequently constrained by low dissolved iron and other trace metal concentrations. This challenge may be overcome by mutualisms between diatoms and co-occurring associated bacteria, in which diatoms produce organic carbon as a substrate for bacterial growth, and bacteria produce siderophores, metal-binding ligands that can supply diatoms with metals upon uptake as well as other useful secondary compounds for diatom growth like vitamins. To examine the relationships between diatoms and bacteria in the plankton (diatom) size class (> 3 mu m), we sampled both …

Long-Term Patterns Of An Interconnected Core Marine Microbiota, Anders K. Krabberød, Ina M. Deutschmann, Marit F. M. Bjorbækmo, Vanessa Balagué, Caterina R. Giner, Isabel Ferrera, Esther Garcés, Ramon Massana, Josep M. Gasol, Ramiro Logares

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background Ocean microbes constitute ~ 70% of the marine biomass, are responsible for ~ 50% of the Earth’s primary production and are crucial for global biogeochemical cycles. Marine microbiotas include core taxa that are usually key for ecosystem function. Despite their importance, core marine microbes are relatively unknown, which reflects the lack of consensus on how to identify them. So far, most core microbiotas have been defined based on species occurrence and abundance. Yet, species interactions are also important to identify core microbes, as communities include interacting species. Here, we investigate interconnected bacteria and small protists of the core pelagic …

Transitions In Microbial Communities Along A 1600 Km Freshwater Trophic Gradient, Mark J. Rozmarynowycz, Benjamin F.N. Beall, George S. Bullerjahn, Gaston E. Small, Robert W. Sterner, Sandra S. Brovold, Nigel A. D'Souza, Susan B. Watson, Robert Michael L. Mckay

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications

This study examined vertically-resolved patterns in microbial community structure across a freshwater trophic gradient extending 1600 km from the oligotrophic waters of Lake Superior to the eutrophic waters of Lake Erie, the most anthropogenically influenced of the Laurentian Great Lakes system. Planktonic bacterial communities clustered by Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) on UniFrac distance matrices into four groups representing the epilimnion and hypolimnion of the upper Great Lakes (Lakes Superior and Huron), Lake Superior's northern bays (Nipigon and Black bays), and Lake Erie. The microbes within the upper Great Lakes hypolimnion were the most divergent of these groups with elevated abundance …

Phylogenetic, Genomic, And Biogeographic Characterization Of Anovel And Ubiquitous Marine Invertebrate-Associated Rickettsiales Parasite,Candidatus Aquarickettsia Rohweri, Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov, J. Grace Klinges, Stephanie M. Rosales, Ryan Mcminds, Koty H. Sharp

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

Bacterial symbionts are integral to the health and homeostasis of invertebrate hosts. Notably, members of the Rickettsiales genus Wolbachia influence several aspects of the fitness and evolution of their terrestrial hosts, but few analogous partnerships have been found in marine systems. We report here the genome, phylogenetics, and biogeography of a ubiquitous and novel Rickettsiales species that primarily associates with marine organisms. We previously showed that this bacterium was found in scleractinian corals, responds to nutrient exposure, and is associated with reduced host growth and increased mortality. This bacterium, like other Rickettsiales, has a reduced genome indicative of a parasitic …

Sponges Structure Water-Column Characteristics In Shallow Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Marla M. Valentine, Mark J. Butler Iv

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Sponges can have powerful effects on ecosystem processes in shallow tropical marine ecosystems. They drive benthic-pelagic coupling by filtering dissolved and particulate organic matter from the water column, alter water chemistry in association with their symbiotic microorganisms, and increase habitat structural complexity. Anthropogenic degradation of coastal waters is widespread and can reduce the density and diversity of foundation species such as sponges, potentially diminishing their contributions to ecosystem processes. We used a novel mesocosm design that minimized artifacts associated with traditional single-species and closed-system filtration experiments to examine the effects of water turnover and sponge biomass on water-column properties. Using …

Relative Abundance Of Bacillus Spp., Surfactant-Associated Bacterium Present In A Natural Sea Slick Observed By Satellite Sar Imagery Over The Gulf Of Mexico, Kathryn Howe, Cayla W. Dean, John Alexander Kluge, Alexander Soloviev, Aurelien Tartar, Mahmood S. Shivji, Susanne Lehner, William Perrie

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The damping of short gravity-capillary waves (Bragg waves) due to surfactant accumulation under low wind speed conditions results in the formation of natural sea slicks. These slicks are detectable visually and in synthetic aperture radar satellite imagery. Surfactants are produced by natural life processes of many marine organisms, including bacteria, phytoplankton, seaweed, and zooplankton. In this work, samples were collected in the Gulf of Mexico during a research cruise on the R/V F.G. Walton Smith to evaluate the relative abundance of Bacillus spp., surfactant-associated bacteria, in the sea surface microlayer compared to the subsurface water at 0.2 m depth. A …

The Sponge Microbiome Project, Lucas Moitinho-Silva, Shaun Nielsen, Amnon Amir, Antonio Gonzalez, Gail Ackermann, Carlo Cerrano, Carmen Astudillo-Garcia, Cole Easson, Detmer Sipkema, Fang Liu, Georg Steinert, Giorgos Kotoulas, Grace Mccormack, Guofang Feng, James J. Bell, Jan Vicente, Johannes R. Bjork, Jose M. Montoya, Julie B. Olson, Julie Reveillaud, Laura Steindler, Mari-Carmen Pineda, Maria V. Marra, Micha Ilan, Michael W. Taylor, Paraskevi Polymenakou, Patrick M. Erwin, Peter J. Schupp, Rachel L. Simister, Rob Knight, Robert W. Thacker, Rodrigo Costa, Russell T. Hill, Susanna Lopez-Legentil, Thanos Dailianis, Timothy Ravasi, Ute Hentschel, Zhiyong Li, Nicole S. Webster, Torsten Thomas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) are a diverse, phylogenetically deep-branching clade known for forming intimate partnerships with complex communities of microorganisms. To date, 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies have largely utilised different extraction and amplification methodologies to target the microbial communities of a limited number of sponge species, severely limiting comparative analyses of sponge microbial diversity and structure. Here, we provide an extensive and standardised dataset that will facilitate sponge microbiome comparisons across large spatial, temporal, and environmental scales. Samples from marine sponges (n = 3569 specimens), seawater (n = 370), marine sediments (n = 65) and other …

Best Practices For Healthy Beaches And Watersheds In Maine: Potential Bioremediation Strategies For Improving Water Quality, Elyse Defranco

Maine Sea Grant Publications

Maine’s watersheds face many challenges from human inputs, with pollution threatening the health of our beaches, rivers, and aquaculture operations. Maine’s rural communities often lack the resources to update aging sewer infrastructure or to adequately maintain septic systems, and these sources of pollution impact watershed health. In addition to addressing sources of pollution, which can be difficult to ascertain and challenging to address when located, bioremediation practices have the potential to aid in clean-up efforts. New technological advances and research discoveries in creative forms of bioremediation are being developed and are producing promising case studies around the world. These new …

Dna Analysis Of Surfactant-Associated Bacteria In A Natural Sea Slick Observed By Terrasar-X And Radarsat-2 Over The Gulf Of Mexico, Kathryn Howe, Cayla Whitney Dean, John Alexander Kluge, Alexander Soloviev, Aurelien Tartar, Mahmood S. Shivji, Susanne Lehner, Hui Shen, William Perrie

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The damping of short gravity-capillary waves (Bragg waves) due to surfactant accumulation under low wind speed conditions results in the formation of natural sea slicks. These slicks are detectable visually and in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. Surfactants are produced by natural life processes of many organisms, such as bacteria, phytoplankton, seaweed, and zooplankton. By using DNA analysis, we are able to determine the relative abundance of surfactant-associated bacteria in the sea surface microlayer and the subsurface water column. A method to reduce contamination of samples during collection, storage, and analysis (Kurata et al., 2016; Hamilton et al., 2015) has …

Coral-Associated Bacterial Diversity Is Conserved Across Two Deep-Sea Anthothela Species, Stephanie N. Lawler, Christina A Kellogg, Scott C. France, Rachel W. Clostio, Sandra D. Brooke, Steve W. Ross

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Cold-water corals, similar to tropical corals, contain diverse and complex microbial assemblages. These bacteria provide essential biological functions within coral holobionts, facilitating increased nutrient utilization and production of antimicrobial compounds. To date, few cold-water octocoral species have been analyzed to explore the diversity and abundance of their microbial associates. For this study, 23 samples of the family Anthothelidae were collected from Norfolk (n = 12) and Baltimore Canyons (n = 11) from the western Atlantic in August 2012 and May 2013. Genetic testing found that these samples comprised two Anthothela species (Anthothela grandiflora and Anthothela sp.) and Alcyonium grandiflorum. DNA …

Assessing The Impacts Of Oil-Associated Marine Snow Formation And Sedimentation During And After The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Kendra L. Daly, Uta Passow, Jeffrey Chanton, David Hollander

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was the largest in US history, unprecedented for the depth and volume of oil released, the amount of dispersants applied, and the unexpected, protracted sedimentation of oil-associated marine snow (MOS) to the seafloor. Marine snow formation, incorporation of oil, and subsequent gravitational settling to the seafloor (i.e., MOSSFA: Marine Oil Snow Sedimentation and Flocculent Accumulation) was a significant pathway for the distribution and fate of oil, accounting for as much as 14% of the total oil released. Long residence times of oil on the seafloor will result in prolonged exposure by benthic organisms and economically …

Isolation And Characterization Of Microbial Community Associated With Diadumene Lineata, The Orange-Striped Sea Anemone, Tiffany Lin, Andrew Weir

Student and Faculty Research Days

The orange-striped sea anemone, Diadumene lineata, is a marine invertebrate that can be found in the Northern Hemisphere. Distribution of Diadumene lineata ranges from Japan to the Gulf of Argentina. This invasive anemone originated from the Pacific Coast of Asia and serves as a host for a diverse microbial community including a photosynthetic alga. The epiphytic bacteria adhere to the outer surface as well as to the gastrovascular cavity of the host. The microbial community associated with Diadumene lineata is relatively unknown. This study attempted to isolate and identify bacteria commonly associated with this invasive marine invertebrate. Diadumene lineata was …

The Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, Anna Kopf, Mesude Bicak, Renzo Kottman, Julia Schnetzer, Ivaylo Kostadinov, Katja Lehmann, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Christian Jeanthon, Eyal Rahav, Matthias Ulrich, Antje Wichels, Gunnar Gerdts, Paraskevi Polymenakou, Giorgos Kotoulas, Rania Siam, Rehab Z. Abdallah, Eva C. Sonnenschein, Thierry Cariou, Fergal O'Gara, Stephen Jackson, Sandi Orlic, Michael Steinke, Julia Busch, Bernardo Duarte, Isabel Caçador, João Canning-Clode, Oleksandra Bobrova, Viggo Marteinsson, Eyjolfur Reynisson, Clara Magalhães Loureiro, Gian Marco Luna, Grazia Marina Quero, Carolin R. Löscher, Anke Kremp, Marie E. Delorenzo, Lise Øvreås, Jennifer Tolman, Julie Laroche, Antonella Penna, Marc Frischer, Timothy Davis, Barker Katherine, Christopher P. Meyer, Sandra Ramos, Catarina Magalhães, Florence Jude-Lemeilleur, Ma Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo, Shiao Y. Wang, Nicole Poulton, Scott Jones, Rachel Collin, Jed A. Fuhrman, Pascal Conan, Cecilia Alonso, Noga Stambler, Kelly Goodwin, Michael M. Yakimov, Federico Baltar, Levente Bodrossy, Jodie Van De Kamp, Dion Mf Frampton, Martin Ostrowski, Paul Van Ruth, Paul Malthouse, Simon Claus, Klaas Deneudt, Jonas Mortelmans, Sophie Pitois, David Wallom, Ian Salter, Rodrigo Costa, Declan C. Schroeder, Mahrous M. Kandil, Valentina Amaral, Florencia Biancalana, Rafael Santana, Maria Luiza Pedrotti, Takashi Yoshida, Hiroyuki Ogata, Tim Ingleton, Kate Munnik, Naiara Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, Veronique Berteaux-Lecellier, Patricia Wecker, Ibon Cancio, Daniel Valout, Christina Bienhold, Hassan Ghazal, Bouchra Chaouni, Soumya Essayeh, Sara Ettamimi, El Houcine Zaid, Noureddine Boukhatem, Abderrahim Bouali, Rajaa Chahboune, Said Barrijal, Mohammed Timinouni, Fatima El Otmani, Mohamed Bennani, Marianna Mea, Nadezhda Todorova, Ventzislav Karamfilov, Petra Ten Hoopten, Guy Cochrane, Stephanie L'Haridon, Kemal Can Bizel, Alessandro Vezzi, Federico M. Lauro, Patrick Martin, Rachelle M. Jensen, Jamie Hinks, Susan Gebbels, Riccardo Rosselli, Fabio De Pascale, Riccardo Schiavon, Antonina Dos Santos, Emilie Villar, Stéphane Pesant, Bruno Cataletto, Francesca Malfatti, Ranjith Edirisinghe, Jorge A. Herrera Silveira, Michele Barbier, Valentina Turk, Tinkara Tinta, Wayne J. Fuller, Ilkay Salihoglu, Nedime Serakinci, Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren, Eileen Bresnan, Juan Iriberri, Paul Anders Fronth Nyhus, Edvardsen Bente, Hans Erik Karlsen, Peter N. Golyshin, Josep M. Gasol, Snejana Moncheva, Nina Dzhembekova, Zackary Johnson, Christopher Daivd Sinigalliano, Maribeth Louise Gidley, Adriana Zingone, Roberto Danovaro, George Tsiamis, Melody S. Clark, Ana Cristina Costa, Monia El Bour, Ana M. Martins, R. Eric Collins, Anne-Lise Ducluzeau, Jonathan Martinez, Mark J. Costello, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Jack A. Gilbert, Neil Davies, Dawn Field, Frank Oliver Glöckner

Faculty Publications

Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.

New Tracer To Estimate Community Predation Rates Of Phagotrophic Protists, Alexander B. Bochdansky, Melissa A. Clouse

OES Faculty Publications

Predation of eukaryotic microbes on prokaryotes is one of the most important trophic interactions on Earth, representing a major mortality term and shaping morphology and composition of prokaryotic communities. Here we introduce and validate a new tracer to determine predation rates on prokaryotes. Minicells of Escherichia coli marked with a bright green fluorescent protein (GFP) vector have many operational advantages over previously used prey analogs such as fluorescently labeled bacteria. GFP-minicells are similar in size to naturally occurring bacteria from a variety of environments including the oligotrophic open ocean and the deep sea. They are relatively stable against microbial and …

The Gut Of Geographically Disparate Ciona Intestinalis Harbors A Core Microbiota, Larry J. Dishaw, Jaime Flores-Torres, Simon Lax, Kristina Gemayel, Brittany Leigh, Daniela Melillo, M. Gail Mueller, Lenina Natale, Ivana Zucchetti, Rosaria De Santis, Maria Rosaria Pinto, Gary W. Litman, Jack W. Gilbert

Marine Science Faculty Publications

It is now widely understood that all animals engage in complex interactions with bacteria (or microbes) throughout their various life stages. This ancient exchange can involve cooperation and has resulted in a wide range of evolved host-microbial interdependencies, including those observed in the gut. Ciona intestinalis, a filter-feeding basal chordate and classic developmental model that can be experimentally manipulated, is being employed to help define these relationships. Ciona larvae are first exposed internally to microbes upon the initiation of feeding in metamorphosed individuals; however, whether or not these microbes subsequently colonize the gut and whether or not Ciona forms …

Macroalgae Decrease Growth And Alter Microbial Community Structure Of The Reef-Building Coral, Porites Astreoides, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Deron E. Burkepile, Adrienne M.S. Correa, Andrew R. Thurber, Andrew A. Schantz, Rory Welsh, Catharin Pritchard

Department of Biological Sciences

With the continued and unprecedented decline of coral reefs worldwide, evaluating the factors that contribute to coral demise is of critical importance. As coral cover declines, macroalgae are becoming more common on tropical reefs. Interactions between these macroalgae and corals may alter the coral microbiome, which is thought to play an important role in colony health and survival. Together, such changes in benthic macroalgae and in the coral microbiome may result in a feedback mechanism that contributes to additional coral cover loss. To determine if macroalgae alter the coral microbiome, we conducted a field-based experiment in which the coral Porites …

Pyrosequencing Of Bacterial Symbionts Within Axinella Corrugata Sponges: Diversity And Seasonal Variability, James R. White, Jignasa Patel, Andrea Ottesen, Gabriela Arce, Patricia Blackwelder, Jose V. Lopez

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Background: Marine sponge species are of significant interest to many scientific fields including marine ecology, conservation biology, genetics, host-microbe symbiosis and pharmacology. One of the most intriguing aspects of the sponge ‘‘holobiont’’ system is the unique physiology, interaction with microbes from the marine environment and the development of a complex commensal microbial community. However, intraspecific variability and temporal stability of sponge-associated bacterial symbionts remain relatively unknown.

Methodology/Principal Findings: We have characterized the bacterial symbiont community biodiversity of seven different individuals of the Caribbean reef sponge Axinella corrugata, from two different Florida reef locations during variable seasons using …

Draft Genome Sequence Of Strain Himb100, A Cultured Representative Of The Sar116 Clade Of Marine Alphaproteobacteria, Jana Grote, Cansu Bayindirli, Kristin Bergauer, Paula C. De Moraes, Huan Chen, Lindsay D'Ambrosio, Bethany Edwards, Beatriz Fernandez-Gomez, Mariam Hamisi, Dan Nguyen, Yoshimi M. Rii, Emily Saeck, Charles Schutte, Brittany Widner

OES Faculty Publications

Strain HIMB100 is a planktonic marine bacterium in the class Alphaproteobacteria. This strain is of interest because it is one of the first known isolates from a globally ubiquitous clade of marine bacteria known as SAR116 within the family Rhodospirillaceae. Here we describe preliminary features of the organism, together with the draft genome sequence and annotation. This is the second genome sequence of a member of the SAR116 clade. The 2,458,945 bp genome contains 2,334 protein-coding and 42 RNA gene

Light Dependence Of Selenium Uptake By Phytoplankton And Implications For Predicting Selenium Incorporation Into Food Webs, Stephen B. Baines, Nicholas S. Fisher, Martina A. Doblin, Gregory A. Cutter, Lynda S. Cutter, Brian Cole

OES Faculty Publications

The potentially toxic element selenium is first concentrated from solution to a large but highly variable degree by algae and bacteria before being passed on to consumers. The large loads of abiotic and detrital suspended particles often present in rivers and estuaries may obscure spatial and temporal patterns in Se concentrations at the base of the food web. We used radiotracers to estimate uptake of both selenite (Se(IV)) and C by intact plankton communities at two sites in the Sacramento/San Joaquin River Delta. Our goals were to determine (1) whether C and Se(IV) uptake were coupled, (2) the role of …

Microbial Ecology Of Ballast Water During A Transoceanic Voyage And The Effects Of Open-Ocean Exchange, Lisa A. Drake, Gregory M. Ruiz, Bella S. Galil, Timothy L. Mullady, Daniela O. Friedmann, Fred C. Dobbs

OES Faculty Publications

The only procedure used frequently to reduce the risk of invasion by ballast-mediated biota is open-ocean exchange of ballast water, a procedure in which vessels release coastal water and replace it with oceanic water. Limited information exists concerning the effects of transport upon the aquatic microbial community throughout transit and following open-ocean exchange, A transoceanic voyage aboard a commercial bulk carrier afforded us the opportunity to sample the microbial community in exchanged and unexchanged ballast-water holds during the journey from Hadera, Israel to Baltimore, USA. Five days following the exchange process, all microbial metrics tested (i.e. bacteria concentration, virus-like particle …

Simulation Of Carbon-Nitrogen Cycling During Spring Upwelling In The Cariaco Basin, John J. Walsh, Dwight A. Dieterle, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Richard Bohrer, W. Paul Bissett, Ramon J. Varela, Ruben Aparicio, Rafael Diaz, Robert Thunell, Gordon T. Taylor, Mary I. Scranton, Kent A. Fanning, Edward T. Peltzer

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Coupled biological-physical models of carbon-nitrogen cycling by phytoplankton, zooplankton, and bacteria assess the impacts of nitrogen fixation and upwelled nitrate during new production within the shelf environs of the Cariaco Basin. During spring upwelling in response to a mean wind forcing of 8 m s(-1), the physical model matches remote-sensing and hydrographic estimates of surface temperature. Within the three-dimensional flow field, the steady solutions of the biological model of a simple food web of diatoms, adult calanoid copepods, and ammonifying/nitrifying bacteria approximate within similar to 9% the mean spring observations of settling fluxes caught by a sediment trap at similar …

Occurrence Of Lysogenic Bacteria In Marine Microbial Communities As Determined By Prophage Induction, Sunny C. Jiang, John H Paul

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Viruses are abundant and dynamic members of the marine microbial community, and it is important to understand their role in the ecology of natural microbial populations. We have previously found lysogenic bacteria to be a significant proportion (43%) of the cultivable heterotrophic microbial population. As the majority of marine bacteria are not cultivable using standard plating methods, we measured the proportion of marine lysogenic bacteria in natural communities by prophage induction. Mitomycin C, UV radiation, sunlight, temperature and pressure were used to induce prophage in lysogenic bacteria from estuarine, coastal and oligotrophic offshore environments. To determine if hydrocarbon pollutants may …

Development And Lipid Composition Of The Harpacticoid Copepod Nitocra Spinipes Reared On Different Diets, Gregory M. Weiss, George B. Mcmanus, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

We reared the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra spinipes on diets of bacteria, a diatom, or a macroalga, evaluating survivorship and growth in short-term (≤ 1 generation) experiments. Lipid content of the copepods and their diets was measured and used as an index of nutrition. Although growth, survivorship and lipid content of N. spinipes were significantly greater when fed the diatom, which had the highest lipid content of the 3 diets, the copepod was able to develop from egg to adult when fed a lipid- poor bacterial diet. Furthermore, this species was able to go through developmental molts without the addition of …

Trophic Transfer Of Fatty Acids, Sterols, And A Triterpenoid Alcohol Between Bacteria, A Ciliate, And The Copepod Acartia Tonsa, Melissa C. Ederington, George B. Mcmanus, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

The incorporation of lipids into the copepod Acartia tonsa and its eggs was measured when it was fed either a bacterivorous ciliate (Pleuronema sp.) or a diatom (Thalassiosira weissflogii). Egg production was 10-fold higher on the diatom diet, whereas hatch success of eggs was the same for algal and ciliate diets. Adult copepods fed diatoms contained more total fatty acid and sterols than copepods fed the ciliate diet, and individual lipids reflected the dietary source. Eggs from diatom-fed copepods had fewer fatty acids but more sterols than eggs from copepods on a ciliate diet. Ciliate-fed copepods and …

Measurement Of Marine Picoplankton Cell-Size By Using A Cooled, Charge-Coupled Device Camera With Image-Analyzed Fluorescence Microscopy, Cl Viles, Me Sieracki

VIMS Articles

Accurate measurement of the biomass and size distribution of picoplankton cells (0.2 to 2.0-mu-m) is paramount in characterizing their contribution to the oceanic food web and global biogeochemical cycling. Image-analyzed fluorescence microscopy, usually based on video camera technology, allows detailed measurements of individual cells to be taken. The application of an imaging system employing a cooled, slow-scan charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to automated counting and sizing of individual picoplankton cells from natural marine samples is described. A slow-scan CCD-based camera was compared to a video camera and was superior for detecting and sizing very small, dim particles such as fluorochrome-stained …

Studies On The Distribution, Abundance, And Activities Of Heterotrophic And Petroleum Degrading Bacteria From Middle Atlantic Continental Shelf Waters And Sediments, Howard I. Kator

Reports

No abstract provided.