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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Marine Biology
Spring 1988, Nsu Oceanographic Center
Fall 1988, Nsu Oceanographic Center
Summer 1988, Nsu Oceanographic Center
Winter 1988, Nsu Oceanographic Center
Use Of Immunoassays In Haplosporidan Life Cycle Studies, Eugene M. Burreson
Use Of Immunoassays In Haplosporidan Life Cycle Studies, Eugene M. Burreson
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
The development of mitigating measures for the major oyster diseases has been hindered by our poor understanding of the life cycles of the pathogens. Evidence from epidemiological studies and transmission experiments suggests that an intermediate host is present in the life cycle of Haplosporidium species. Immunoassay is a valuable tool for identifying parasite antigen in an intermediate host, and, because of the potential for stage-specific antigens, assays incorporating polyclonal antibodies may be more effective than assays incorporating monoclonal antibodies. Rabbit antibody against purified spores of Haplosporidium costale recognized spores in paraffin sections of oyster tissue , but the antibody did …
Uncertainties And Speculations About The Life Cycle Of The Eastern Oyster Pathogen Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx), Harold H. Haskins, Jay D. Andrews
Uncertainties And Speculations About The Life Cycle Of The Eastern Oyster Pathogen Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx), Harold H. Haskins, Jay D. Andrews
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
For 30 years, the pathogen Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) has been causing serious mortalities of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica in the Delaware and Chesapeake bays of the eastern USA. Its life cycle is largely unknown, and methods for control are wanting. Breeding of resistant eastern oyster strains, at this time, offers the best hope for some degree of control of the disease. Although haplosporidians are known by their spores, controlled transmission, with one possible exception, has not been achieved in any of the 30 recognized species. Haplosporidium nelsoni rarely sporulates in eastern oysters, and this and other observations led to early …
Humoral Defense Factors In Marine Bivalves, Fu-Lin E. Chu
Humoral Defense Factors In Marine Bivalves, Fu-Lin E. Chu
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
Natural humoral components have been discovered and described in hemolymph from several marine bivalve species including eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica, blue mussel Mitilus edulis, northern quahog Mercenaria mercenaria, softshell Mya arenaria, and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, These hemolymph components are enzymes of lysosomal origin, agglutinins, lectins, hemolysin, and antimicrobial substances, These components are proteins or glycoproteins found in the serum, hemocytes, or both, The exact relationship of these substances to the internal defense of marine bivalves against parasites and pathogenic microorganisms is not known. Lysosomal enzymes seem to have a double role, defense and nutrition. The free- and cell-bound lectins …
Structure Of Protistan Parasites Found In Bivalve Molluscs, Frank O. Perkins
Structure Of Protistan Parasites Found In Bivalve Molluscs, Frank O. Perkins
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
The literature on the structure of protists parasitizing bivalve molluscs is reviewed, and previously unpublished observations of species of class Perkinsea , phylum Haplosporidia, and class Paramyxea are presented. Descriptions are given of the flagellar apparatus of Perkinsus marinus zoospores, the ultrastructure of Perkinsus sp. from the Baltic macoma Macoma balthica, and the development of haplosporosome-like bodies in Haplosporidium nelsoni. The possible origin of stem cells of Marrteilia sydneyi from the inner two sporoplasms is discussed. New research efforts are suggested which could help elucidate the phylogenetic interrelationships and taxonomic positions of the various taxa and help in efforts to …
Epizootiology Of The Disease Caused By The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus And Its Effects On The Oyster Industry, Jay D. Andrews
Epizootiology Of The Disease Caused By The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus And Its Effects On The Oyster Industry, Jay D. Andrews
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
Perkinsus marinus is a protozoan parasite that causes a major disease of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica from Chesapeake Bay south along the Atlantic coast of the USA and throughout the Gulf of Mexico. It is a warm-season disease that kills eastern oysters at temperatures above 20°C. The pathogen requires salinities of at least 12-15%0 to be active, but it persists tenaciously when low temperatures and salinities occur during winter and spring. Prolonged droughts that increase salinities cause extensions of the range of disease. In the Chesapeake Bay, mortalities begin in June and end in October, and up to 50% of …
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In Delaware's Inland Bays, Robert J. Orth, Kenneth A. Moore
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In Delaware's Inland Bays, Robert J. Orth, Kenneth A. Moore
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) is an important living resource in many coastal areas throughout the world. These plant communities have been cited as some of the most biologically important in the world. ...
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In The Chesapeake Bay: A Barometer Of Bay Health, Robert J. Orth, Kenneth A. Moore
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In The Chesapeake Bay: A Barometer Of Bay Health, Robert J. Orth, Kenneth A. Moore
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
In 1978, a program was initiated in the Chesapeake Bay region to investigate the decline of submerged aquatic vegetation (SA V), potential factors that may have led to its decline, its distribution and abundance, and its .role and value. The program began with little available background data, but some very basic questions about SAV in the Bay were answered in the approximately three years of research that were funded. For example, it was determined that the decline of SAV was Baywide. All SA V species were affected and the decline was unprecedented in the recent history of the Bay. A …
Some Histologic Gill Lesions Of Several Estuarine Finfishes Related To Exposure To Contaminated Sediments: A Preliminary Report, W. J. Hargis Jr., D. E. Zwerner
Some Histologic Gill Lesions Of Several Estuarine Finfishes Related To Exposure To Contaminated Sediments: A Preliminary Report, W. J. Hargis Jr., D. E. Zwerner
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
Collections were made during 1983, '84 and '85 in the Elizabeth River, whose sediments are heavily contaminated with PAHs, heavy metals and other anthropogenic materials. Comparison samples were from the "cleaner" Nansemond River, another subestuary feeding into Hampton Roads (the lower James River) nearby. Most samples from all stations included three transient quasi-catadromous nektonic sciaenids, Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) and weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), and two endemic estuarine benthic fishes, hogchoker (Trinectes maculatus) and oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau).
Comparison Of Sediment Landscapes In Chesapeake Bay As Seen By Surface And Profile Imaging, Robert J. Diaz, Linda C. Schaffner
Comparison Of Sediment Landscapes In Chesapeake Bay As Seen By Surface And Profile Imaging, Robert J. Diaz, Linda C. Schaffner
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
The sediment-water interface is the boundary layer between the water column and sediments. It is involved in virtually all processes and cycles within aquatic and estuarine ecosystems. Interactions and reactions at the sediment-water interface are of particular importance in regulating processes involving nutrient regeneration-remineralization (Boynton and Kemp 1985), fate of toxicants (Olsen, Cutshall and Larsen 1982), development of hypoxia-anoxia (Garber 1987), sediment mixing (Schaffner et al. 1987a, b), and sediment transport (Wright et al. 1987). Much effort has and is being expended to provide details of these processes which will eventually be used in management plans for water quality, sediment …
Bioavailability Of Organic Pollutants To Aquatic Organisms, Robert C. Hale, Robert J. Huggett
Bioavailability Of Organic Pollutants To Aquatic Organisms, Robert C. Hale, Robert J. Huggett
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
Settlement of the Chesapeake Bay region began in earnest in the early 17th century. The native American population and early colonists were impressed by the abundance of fish and shellfish and located their population centers to take advantage of these and other natu!al resources. Introduction of wastes into the bay was coincident with this settlement. As the human population increased, so did the pressure on the ecological system. In the 20th century significant quantities of synthetic chemicals began to be introduced, many of which were toxic and nonbiodegradable [Faust and Hunter 1971]. Today the areas surrounding the bay are experiencing …