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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Marine Biology
Penetration Of Uv-Visible Solar Radiation In The Global Oceans: Insights From Ocean Color Remote Sensing, Zhongping Lee, Chuanmin Hu, Shaoling Shang, Keping Du, Marlon Lewis, Robert Arnone, Robert Brewin
Penetration Of Uv-Visible Solar Radiation In The Global Oceans: Insights From Ocean Color Remote Sensing, Zhongping Lee, Chuanmin Hu, Shaoling Shang, Keping Du, Marlon Lewis, Robert Arnone, Robert Brewin
Faculty Publications
Penetration of solar radiation in the ocean is determined by the attenuation coefficient (K-d()). Following radiative transfer theory, K-d is a function of angular distribution of incident light and water's absorption and backscattering coefficients. Because these optical products are now generated routinely from satellite measurements, it is logical to evolve the empirical K-d to a semianalytical K-d that is not only spectrally flexible, but also the sun-angle effect is accounted for explicitly. Here, the semianalytical model developed in Lee et al. (2005b) is revised to account for the shift of phase function between molecular and particulate scattering from the short …
Jellyfish Body Plans Provide Allometric Advantages Beyond Low Carbon Content, Kylie A. Pitt, Carlos M. Duarte, Cathy H. Lucas, Kelly R. Sutherland, Robert H. Condon, Hermes Mianzan, Jennifer E. Purcell, Kelly L. Robinson, Shin-Ichi Uye
Jellyfish Body Plans Provide Allometric Advantages Beyond Low Carbon Content, Kylie A. Pitt, Carlos M. Duarte, Cathy H. Lucas, Kelly R. Sutherland, Robert H. Condon, Hermes Mianzan, Jennifer E. Purcell, Kelly L. Robinson, Shin-Ichi Uye
Faculty Publications
Jellyfish form spectacular blooms throughout the world's oceans. Jellyfish body plans are characterised by high water and low carbon contents which enables them to grow much larger than non-gelatinous animals of equivalent carbon content and to deviate from non-gelatinous pelagic animals when incorporated into allometric relationships. Jellyfish have, however, been argued to conform to allometric relationships when carbon content is used as the metric for comparison. Here we test the hypothesis that differences in allometric relationships for several key functional parameters remain for jellyfish even after their body sizes are scaled to their carbon content. Data on carbon and nitrogen …
Decades-Long Social Memory In Bottlenose Dolphins, Jason N. Bruck
Decades-Long Social Memory In Bottlenose Dolphins, Jason N. Bruck
Faculty Publications
Long-term social memory is important, because it is an ecologically relevant test of cognitive capacity, it helps us understand which social relationships are remembered and it relates two seemingly disparate disciplines: cognition and sociality. For dolphins, long-term memory for conspecifics could help assess social threats as well as potential social or hunting alliances in a very fluid and complex fission-fusion social system, yet we have no idea how long dolphins can remember each other. Through a playback study conducted within a multi-institution dolphin breeding consortium (where animals are moved between different facilities), recognition of unfamiliar versus familiar signature whistles of …
A Springtime Source Of Toxic Pseudo-Nitzschia Cells On Razor Clam Beaches In The Pacific Northwest, Barbara Hickey, Vera Trainer, P. Kosro, Nicolaus Adams, Thomas Connolly, Nancy Kachel, Susan Geier
A Springtime Source Of Toxic Pseudo-Nitzschia Cells On Razor Clam Beaches In The Pacific Northwest, Barbara Hickey, Vera Trainer, P. Kosro, Nicolaus Adams, Thomas Connolly, Nancy Kachel, Susan Geier
Faculty Publications
Concentrations of domoic acid (DA) above the regulatory limit in Washington coast razor clams are usually higher on northern beaches from summer to fall. Recent field studies have confirmed that the primary source of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia (PN) cells in those seasons is a semi-retentive topographically trapped seasonal eddy located offshore and north of the clamming beaches. Another semi-retentive coastal feature, Heceta Bank, that has been shown to support toxic PN cells in summer, is located south of Washington’s clamming beaches. In this paper we present evidence to demonstrate that Heceta Bank, although not a likely source of toxic cells to …
Quantifying Intrapopulation Variability In Stable Isotope Data For Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion Nebulosus), Richard S. Fulford, Kevin Dillon
Quantifying Intrapopulation Variability In Stable Isotope Data For Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion Nebulosus), Richard S. Fulford, Kevin Dillon
Faculty Publications
Stable isotope (SI) values of carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) are useful for determining the trophic connectivity between species within an ecosystem, but interpretation of these data involves important assumptions about sources of intrapopulation variability. We compared intrapopulation variability in delta C-13 and delta N-15 for an estuarine omnivore, Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), to test assumptions and assess the utility of SI analysis for delineation of the connectivity of this species with other species in estuarine food webs. Both delta C-13 and delta N-15 values showed patterns of enrichment in fish caught from coastal to offshore sites and …
Diel Vertical Movements Of A Scalloped Hammerhead, Sphyrna Lewini, In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Eric R. Hoffmayer, James S. Franks, William B. Driggers, Paul W. Howey
Diel Vertical Movements Of A Scalloped Hammerhead, Sphyrna Lewini, In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Eric R. Hoffmayer, James S. Franks, William B. Driggers, Paul W. Howey
Faculty Publications
Despite the circumglobal distribution of scalloped hammerheads, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), little information is available regarding fine-scale movement and habitat use patterns for this species. Over a 27-d period, data were collected on diel habitat use and environmental preferences of a 240 cm (total length) female S. lewini. The shark exhibited a consistent and repeated diel vertical movement pattern, making more than 76 deep nighttime dives; the maximum depth reached was 964 m, where the temperature was 5.8 degrees C. The purpose of the nightly oscillatory deep diving pattern is unknown but could possibly represent feeding behavior. These …
Covariance Localization With The Diffusion-Based Correlation Models, Max Yaremchuk, Dmitry A. Nechaev
Covariance Localization With The Diffusion-Based Correlation Models, Max Yaremchuk, Dmitry A. Nechaev
Faculty Publications
Improving the performance of ensemble filters applied to models with many state variables requires regularization of the covariance estimates by localizing the impact of observations on state variables. A covariance localization technique based on modeling of the sample covariance with polynomial functions of the diffusion operator (DL method) is presented. Performance of the technique is compared with the non-adaptive (NAL) and adaptive (AL) ensemble localization schemes in the framework of numerical experiments with synthetic covariance matrices in a realistically inhomogeneous setting. It is shown that the DL approach is comparable in accuracy with the AL method when the ensemble size …
Occurrence Of An Intersexual Blacktip Shark In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, With Notes On The Standardization Of Classifications For This Condition In Elasmobranchs, Jill M. Hendon, David M. Koester, Eric R. Hoffmayer, William B. Driggers Iii, Angela M. Cicia
Occurrence Of An Intersexual Blacktip Shark In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, With Notes On The Standardization Of Classifications For This Condition In Elasmobranchs, Jill M. Hendon, David M. Koester, Eric R. Hoffmayer, William B. Driggers Iii, Angela M. Cicia
Faculty Publications
An intersexual Blacktip Shark Carcharhinus limbatus with a testis, immature female reproductive tracts (embedded), and claspers was caught in the Gulf of Mexico. Histology of the single gonad revealed that all stages of spermatogenesis were occurring; however, the absence of ovaries and a male duct system suggests that neither sex would have been functional in this individual. Intersexuality has been reported in 17 families and 36 species of elasmobranchs. The degree to which the different sexes are present in a given individual is often difficult to categorize by normal hermaphroditic standards, as this is typically an anomalous presentation in elasmobranchs. …