Marine Biology Commons^™

How Do They Do It? Using Omics Approaches To Explore Metabolic Responses Associated With Hypoxia And Exercise Tolerance In The Deepest Diving Pinniped, Elizabeth R. Piotrowski

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Marine mammals such as northern elephant seals (NES) routinely experience hypoxemia and ischemia-reperfusion events to many tissues during deep dives with no apparent adverse effects. Adaptations to diving include increased antioxidants and elevated oxygen storage capacity associated with high hemoprotein content in blood and muscle. Despite experiencing decreased oxygen tensions during diving, NES likely rely on the mobilization of large lipids stores and catabolism of fatty acids to provide energy to exercising muscle while diving. To identify potential regulatory mechanisms that may underly hypoxia and exercise tolerance in diving mammals, this study used system-wide approaches to characterize changes in genes …

Impacts Of Plastic Pollution On A Pelagic Marine Mammal, The Northern Elephant Seal, Lauren M. Kashiwabara

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

As plastic pollution increases, top marine predators such as marine mammals are becoming increasingly susceptible to plastic particles and their additives. Plastic particles have been found in gastrointestinal tracts and scat of many marine mammals, and quantifying plastic pollution in those that are pelagic can provide insight into plastic pollution in mesopelagic ecosystems that are just beginning to be analyzed. Adapting well-developed laboratory techniques for microplastic (MP) isolation (i.e. density separation and chemical digestion), I isolated MPs from the scat of the deepest diving pinniped, the northern elephant seal (NES), and found that100% of scat samples (n=11) contained high counts …

Blubber Transcriptome And Proteome Responses To Repeated Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Administration In A Marine Mammal, Jared Deyarmin

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Chronic physiological stress impacts animal fitness by catabolizing metabolic stores and suppressing reproduction and immunity. This can be especially deleterious for capital breeding carnivores, such as marine mammals, which rely on lipid stores accrued during intensive foraging to sustain prolonged periods of fasting associated with reproduction. Therefore, chronic stress may cause a decrease in fitness in these animals, leading to population declines and potentially detrimental shifts in food web dynamics as a result. However, the impacts and indicators of chronic stress in animals are currently poorly understood. To identify downstream mediators of repeated stress responses in marine mammals, adrenocorticotropic hormone …

Reproductive Biology Of Thais Emarginata (Deshayes, 1839) And Thais Canaliculata (Dulcos, 1832), Roy Seamands Houston

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Thais emarginata (Deshayes, 1839) and Thais canaliculata (Dulcos, 1832), are two common Pacific coast gastropods (Family: Muricidae). T. emarginata is found in semi-protected rocky areas from Alaska to Baja California, while T. canaliaulata occurs in quiet bays from Alaska to Monterey Bay, California (Ricketts and Calvin, 1966). Both species occur on rocks and jetties where they can be seen feeding upon barnacles and young mussels. Despite the abundance of these species their reproductive biology has not been examined.

In the present study, the following aspects of the reproductive biology of T. emarginata and T. canalieulata are presented: Relationship of gonadal …

Digenetic Trematodes From Embiotocid Fishes Of Tomales And Bodega Bays, California, Thomas David Rodella

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present paper deals solely with parasites of marine fishes of the family Enbiotocidae represented in the American Pacific according to Special Publications no. 2, American Fisheries Society, 1960, by 20 species, all of which are marine except the Tule perch, Hysterocarpus traski (Gibbons) from fresh water. In Tomales and Bodega Bays 174 fishes representing 9 embiotocid species were examined and found to harbor 6 species of digenetic trem todes, including one here in described as new.

Redescription Of The Adult Water Mite Hydrachna Miliaria And Description Of Its Life History, David Lou Kass

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

During the summer of 1957 the writer became interested in water mites while collecting insects in an unnamed pond (see map in appendix) near Tomales, California. It was noted during that period that specimens of a giant water-bug, Lethocerus americanus Leidy (1847) had many larval mites attached to their ventral sides, and the lack of information concerning these animals and their life histories stimulated interest in investigating the problem detailed in this thesis. This work was begun in the summer of 1957 and has continued through the summer of 1959 and 1960.

Due to the lack of information and lack …

Spermatogenesis In The Sand Crab Emerita Analoga, Mario Martin Menesini

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Crustacean spermatozoa are among the most peculiarly modified germ cells in the animal kingdom. Many of their striking cytological specializations may be observed in the sperm cells or Emerita analoga, the so-called sand crab. This animal has been used by the writer for studies on spermatogenesis and on spermatozoan behavior during the summer or 1951, 1952, and 1953 at the Pacific Marine Station.

Plankton Studies Of The Tomales Bay, California, Andrew William Mcclain

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

These studies on the plankton of Tomales Bay were designed to determine the effects of such physical factors as tides, temperatures, salinities and sunshine on the quantities of various types of organisms, and to obtain a more comprehensive picture of estuarine life at the Pacific Marine Station. The studies were begun in the summer of 1948 and continued through the summer of 1953.

Although various studies have been conducted on different aspects of marine plankton, the only general treatments of the subject of which the writer is aware are those of Johnstone (1924), Ricketts and Calvin (1951), Sproaton (1949) and …

Life Cycle Studies On Stephanostomum Pacificum, A New Species Of Trematode, From The Pacific Marine Station Area, James Frank Hughes

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This report summarizes the results of a study on the life cycle of a member of the trematode family Acanthooolpidae, genus Stephanostomum Looss, 1899, which was carried on during the summers of 1948, 1949, 1951, and the winter of 1948-49 at the Marine Station of the College or the Pacific at Dillon Beach, California. Only one previous experimental work has been done on the life cycle of any member of this family. Martin (1939) reported the life cycle of Stephanostomum tenue (Linton) which he had obtained at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Modifications of his technical procedures have been used in this …

Studies On The Ecological Distribution Of The Genus Tegula At Bodega Bay, California, Allen Emmert Breed

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This paper is primarily a study of the factors contributing to the distribution of Tegula funebralis and Tegula brunnea in the vicinity of Bodega Bay, California. The two species seldom appear extensively together in the same zone. Tegula brunnea is found on the exposed outer coast of Tomales Point, but not in the immediate zone of Tegula funebralis. Tegula funebralis is found at some points north of Dillon Beach, but it is rarely in the presence of abundant Tegula brunnea. The writer hopes that his efforts may lay a basis for more ecological studies of this genera on the Pacific …

A Survey Of The Adult Trematodes From Fishes Of The Pacific Marine Station Area, William Franklin Johnson

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

An effort is here made to assemble all of our knowledge of all adult trematodes which have been found in the fishes of the Pacific Marine Station Area. This includes publications, unpublished material such as graduate theses, and specimens herein described for the first time. It is hoped that this endeavor will facilitate further investigation in trematodology and that this paper will be an aid in identification of trematodes subsequently discovered.

A Study Of The Littoral Marine Isopod Crustacea Of The Dillon Beach Area, Robert James Menzies

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this study was to provide accurate diagnoses of the littoral marine isopod crustacea in the Dillon Beach area. Such a purpose involved a much more complete study of the anatomy of the species represented in the fauna than was heretofore performed. Certain anatomical structures deemed by earlier writers as specifically diagnostic are demonstrated to be unreliable and in a great many instances other structures previously neither described or figured by American writers are considered of paramount importance in species identification. The number and magnitude of the changes proposed in this paper as illustrated in outline form …