Laboratory and Basic Science Research | Open Access Articles

Cytotoxicity In The Age Of Nano: The Role Of Fourth Period Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Physicochemical Properties, Charles C. Chusuei, Chi-Heng Wu, Shravan Mallavarapu, Fang Yao Stephen Hou, Chen-Ming Hsu, Jeffrey G. Winiarz, Robert S. Aronstam, Yue-Wern Huang

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

A clear understanding of physicochemical factors governing nanoparticle toxicity is still in its infancy. We used a systematic approach to delineate physicochemical properties of nanoparticles that govern cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity of fourth period metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs): TiO₂, Cr₂O₃, Mn₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, NiO, CuO, and ZnO increases with the atomic number of the transition metal oxide. This trend was not cell-type specific, as observed in non-transformed human lung cells (BEAS-2B) and human bronchoalveolar carcinoma-derived cells (A549). Addition of NPs to the cell culture medium did not significantly …

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Facile Synthesis, Characterization, And Antimicrobial Activity Of Cellulose-Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Composite Material: A Potential Material For Bone Tissue Engineering, Tamutsiwa M. Mututuvari, April Harkins, Chieu D. Tran

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is often used as a bone-implant material because it is biocompatible and osteoconductive. However, HAp possesses poor rheological properties and it is inactive against disease-causing microbes. To improve these properties, we developed a green method to synthesize multifunctional composites containing: (1) cellulose (CEL) to impart mechanical strength; (2) chitosan (CS) to induce antibacterial activity thereby maintaining a microbe-free wound site; and (3) HAp. In this method, CS and CEL were co-dissolved in an ionic liquid (IL) and then regenerated from water. HAp was subsequently formed in situ by alternately soaking [CEL+CS] composites in aqueous solutions of CaCl_{2 …}

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Diagnosis Of Schistosoma Mansoni Without The Stool: Comparison Of Three Diagnostic Tests To Detect Schiostosoma Mansoni Infection From Filtered Urine In Zambia, Nilanjan Lodh, James C. L. Mwansa, Mabel M. Mutengo, Clive J. Shiff

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Diagnosis for intestinal Schistosoma mansoni lacks sensitivity and is arduous to conduct. The standard diagnostic tests, Kato-Katz (KK) and circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) both lack sensitivity and with KK, require obtaining, transporting, and examining fresh stool. We compared diagnostic efficacy of KK, CCA, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect S. mansoni infection (species-specific DNA) from 89 filtered urine samples collected in Zambia. The PCR was the strongest indicator of positive cases with sensitivity and specificity of 100% in comparison to CCA (67% and 60%) and KK (50% and 100%). High positive and negative predictive values (100%) were also indicative …

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Full-Text Articles in Laboratory and Basic Science Research

Cytotoxicity In The Age Of Nano: The Role Of Fourth Period Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Physicochemical Properties, Charles C. Chusuei, Chi-Heng Wu, Shravan Mallavarapu, Fang Yao Stephen Hou, Chen-Ming Hsu, Jeffrey G. Winiarz, Robert S. Aronstam, Yue-Wern Huang

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Facile Synthesis, Characterization, And Antimicrobial Activity Of Cellulose-Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Composite Material: A Potential Material For Bone Tissue Engineering, Tamutsiwa M. Mututuvari, April Harkins, Chieu D. Tran

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Diagnosis Of Schistosoma Mansoni Without The Stool: Comparison Of Three Diagnostic Tests To Detect Schiostosoma Mansoni Infection From Filtered Urine In Zambia, Nilanjan Lodh, James C. L. Mwansa, Mabel M. Mutengo, Clive J. Shiff

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications